Backpatch to 9.0.X.

Josh Berkus

default is low because of pg_clog file removal.

Backpatch to 9.0.X.

Pavel Stehule, reviewed by me.

This is mostly about grammar, style, and presentation, though I did find
a few small factual errors.

We already mentioned xid wraparound.

Per Thom Brown.

Per gripe from Fujii Masao, though this is not exactly his proposed patch.
Categorize as DEVELOPER_OPTIONS and set context PGC_SIGHUP, as per Fujii,
but set the default to LOG because higher values aren't really sensible
(see the code for trace_recovery()).  Fix the documentation to agree with
the code and to try to explain what the variable actually does.  Get rid
of no-op calls trace_recovery(LOG), which accomplish nothing except to
demonstrate that this option confuses even its author.

at end of files.

Boszormenyi Zoltan.

Robert Haas, per gripe from Erik Rijkers

Kevin Grittner, with markup adjustments.

look at a function but don't wish to fire up an editor.

Pavel Stehule, reviewed by Jan Urbanski

Update the documentation, and back out a few ill-considered changes
whose folly I failed to realize for failure to read the documentation.

This allows us to reliably remove all leftover temporary relation
files on cluster startup without reference to system catalogs or WAL;
therefore, we no longer include temporary relations in XLOG_XACT_COMMIT
and XLOG_XACT_ABORT WAL records.

Since these changes require including a backend ID in each
SharedInvalSmgrMsg, the size of the SharedInvalidationMessage.id
field has been reduced from two bytes to one, and the maximum number
of connections has been reduced from INT_MAX / 4 to 2^23-1.  It would
be possible to remove these restrictions by increasing the size of
SharedInvalidationMessage by 4 bytes, but right now that doesn't seem
like a good trade-off.

Review by Jaime Casanova and Tom Lane.

functions to the core XML code.  Per discussion, the former depends on
XMLOPTION while the others do not.  These supersede a version previously
offered by contrib/xml2.

Mike Fowler, reviewed by Pavel Stehule

Thom Brown

times) to pgbench.

Florian Pflug, reviewed by Greg Smith

and the editor's cursor will be initially placed on that line.  In \e the
lines are counted with respect to the query buffer, while in \ef they are
counted with line 1 = first line of function body.  These choices are useful
for positioning the cursor on the line of a previously-reported error.

To avoid assumptions about what switch the user's editor takes for this
purpose, invent a new psql variable EDITOR_LINENUMBER_SWITCH with (at
present) no default value.

One incompatibility from previous behavior is that "\e 1234" will now
take "1234" as a line number not a file name.  There are at least two
ways to select a numerically-named file if you really want to.

Pavel Stehule, reviewed by Jan Urbanski, with further editing by Robert Haas
and Tom Lane

Again, back-patch all the way to 7.4.

ecpgerrno.h hasn't materially changed since PostgreSQL 7.4, so this has
been wrong for a very long time.  Back-patch all the way.

Satoshi Nagayasu

better handling of NULL elements within the arrays.  The third parameter
is a string that should be used to represent a NULL element, or should
be translated into a NULL element, respectively.  If the third parameter
is NULL it behaves the same as the two-parameter form.

There are two incompatible changes in the behavior of the two-parameter form
of string_to_array.  First, it will return an empty (zero-element) array
rather than NULL when the input string is of zero length.  Second, if the
field separator is NULL, the function splits the string into individual
characters, rather than returning NULL as before.  These two changes make
this form fully compatible with the behavior of the new three-parameter form.

Pavel Stehule, reviewed by Brendan Jurd

surrounding text refers to the example inline.

Per observation from Tom Lane that the previous patch to these files was
not consistent with what is done elsewhere in the docs.

Daniele Varrazzo

can be caught in the same places that could catch an ordinary RAISE ERROR
in the same location.  The previous coding insisted on throwing the error
from the block containing the active exception handler; which is arguably
more surprising, and definitely unlike Oracle's behavior.

Not back-patching, since this is a pretty obscure corner case.  The risk
of breaking somebody's code in a minor version update seems to outweigh
any possible benefit.

Piyush Newe, reviewed by David Fetter

it offers support for namespace mapping.

Mike Fowler, reviewed by David Fetter

statistics counts.  These numbers are being accumulated but haven't yet been
transmitted to the collector (and won't be, until the transaction ends).
For some purposes, though, it's handy to be able to look at them.

Joel Jacobson, reviewed by Itagaki Takahiro

Peter Fokkinga

other columns to be referenced without listing them in GROUP BY, so long as
the primary key column(s) are listed in GROUP BY.

Eventually we should also allow functional dependency on a UNIQUE constraint
when the columns are marked NOT NULL, but that has to wait until NOT NULL
constraints are represented in pg_constraint, because we need to have
pg_constraint OIDs for all the conditions needed to ensure functional
dependency.

Peter Eisentraut, reviewed by Alex Hunsaker and Tom Lane