Depending on which spec you read, field widths and precisions in %s may be
counted either in bytes or characters.  Our code was assuming bytes, which
is wrong at least for glibc's implementation, and in any case libc might
have a different idea of the prevailing encoding than we do.  Hence, for
portable results we must avoid using anything more complex than just "%s"
unless the string to be printed is known to be all-ASCII.

This patch fixes the cases I could find, including the psql formatting
failure reported by Hernan Gonzalez.  In HEAD only, I also added comments
to some places where it appears safe to continue using "%.*s".

ECPG connect routine only checked for NULL to find empty parameters, but user and password can also be "".

This should allow LD_LIBRARY_PATH to work as desired.  Per trouble
report from Andy Colson.

refers to itself (directly or indirectly).  Instead, print a message when
recursion is detected, and don't expand the repeated reference.  Per bug
#5448 from Francis Markham.

Back-patch to 8.0.  Although the issue exists in 7.4 as well, it seems
impractical to fix there because of the lack of any state stack that
could be used to track active expansions.

minRecoveryPoint in control file when replaying a parameter change record,
to ensure that we don't allow hot standby on WAL generated without
wal_level='hot_standby' after a standby restart.

form a hierarchy. Per Simon's suggestion.

what "eventually consistent" means.

the PITR documentation to mention that you need to set wal_level to
'archive' or 'hot_standby', to enable WAL archiving. Per Simon's request.

field of the WAL record.  The previous coding always wrote to the main fork,
resulting in data corruption if the page was meant to go into a non-default
fork.

At present, the only operation that can produce such WAL records is
ALTER TABLE/INDEX SET TABLESPACE when executed with archive_mode = on.
Data corruption would be observed on standby slaves, and could occur on the
master as well if a database crash and recovery occurred after committing
the ALTER and before the next checkpoint.  Per report from Gordon Shannon.

Back-patch to 8.4; the problem doesn't exist in earlier branches because
we didn't have a concept of multiple relation forks then.

to tests and no changes in accepted server behaviour.

for all other parameters where the default is expressed in a different unit.

MaxStandbyDelay.  Use the GUC units mechanism for the value, and choose more
appropriate timestamp functions for performing tests with it.  Make the
ps_activity manipulation in ResolveRecoveryConflictWithVirtualXIDs have
behavior similar to ps_activity code elsewhere, notably not updating the
display when update_process_title is off and not truncating the display
contents at an arbitrarily-chosen length.  Improve the docs to be explicit
about what MaxStandbyDelay actually measures, viz the difference between
primary and standby servers' clocks, and the possible hazards if their clocks
aren't in sync.

returns EINVAL for an existing shared memory segment.  Although it's not
terribly sensible, that behavior does meet the POSIX spec because EINVAL
is the appropriate error code when the existing segment is smaller than the
requested size, and the spec explicitly disclaims any particular ordering of
error checks.  Moreover, it does in fact happen on OS X and probably other
BSD-derived kernels.  (We were able to talk NetBSD into changing their code,
but purging that behavior from the wild completely seems unlikely to happen.)
We need to distinguish collision with a pre-existing segment from invalid size
request in order to behave sensibly, so it's worth some extra code here to get
it right.  Per report from Gavin Kistner and subsequent investigation.

Back-patch to all supported versions, since any of them could get used
with a kernel having the debatable behavior.

It appears that gmake gets confused if postgres.sgml is not present in
the working directory, and instantiates some default rule or other that
would let postgres.sgml be built from postgres.xml.  I haven't been able
to track down exactly where that's coming from, but the problem can be
dodged by specifying srcdir explicitly in the rule for postgres.xml.
Per report from Vladimir Kokovic.

The previous coding had it in a pipe, which on most shells won't report
the error.  Per experimentation with a bug report from Vladimir Kokovic.
This doesn't actually fix his problem, but it does explain why make
didn't report that there was a problem.

Per report from Andres Freund.

possible to set most of the SHM kernel parameters without a reboot.
Also, reorder the paragraph to explain the modern configuration method first.
There are probably not too many people who still care about how to do it on
OS X 10.3 or older.

child tables.  Per gripe from Jaime Casanova.

memory if the result had zero rows, and also if there was any sort of error
while converting the result tuples into Python data.  Reported and partially
fixed by Andres Freund.

Back-patch to all supported versions.  Note: I haven't tested the 7.4 fix.
7.4's configure check for python is so obsolete it doesn't work on my
current machines :-(.  The logic change is pretty straightforward though.

This is mostly to suppress compiler warnings, although in principle
the cases could result in undesirable behavior.

Martin Pitt

and add missing code in btree_desc for them. This fixes the bug
with "tree_redo: unknown op code 208" error reported by Jaime Casanova.

tag for 9.0beta1

Selena Deckelmann

to perform a backup without archive_mode being enabled.  This gives up some
user-error protection in order to improve usefulness for streaming-replication
scenarios.  Per discussion.

confusion with streaming-replication settings.  Also, change its default
value to "off", because of concern about executing new and poorly-tested
code during ordinary non-replicating operation.  Per discussion.

In passing do some minor editing of related documentation.

text.

when building PDF output for recent versions of the documentation.
There is probably a better answer out there somewhere, but
we need something now so we can build beta releases.

contrib/intarray is loaded.  Per bug #5417 from Kenaniah Cerny.

Not forcing initdb since backend doesn't directly depend on this,
and few people have run into it.

wording, deal explicitly with some fields that were being silently left zero.

Per buildfarm results from dawn_bat.

rather than returning NULL for some-but-not-all failures as they used to.
Remove now-redundant tests for NULL from call sites.

We had to do something about this because many call sites were failing to
check for NULL; and changing it like this seems a lot more useful and
mistake-proof than adding checks to the call sites without them.

pg_stats.inherited