multiple index entries in a holding area before adding them to the main index
structure.  This helps because bulk insert is (usually) significantly faster
than retail insert for GIN.

This patch also removes GIN support for amgettuple-style index scans.  The
API defined for amgettuple is difficult to support with fastupdate, and
the previously committed partial-match feature didn't really work with
it either.  We might eventually figure a way to put back amgettuple
support, but it won't happen for 8.4.

catversion bumped because of change in GIN's pg_am entry, and because
the format of GIN indexes changed on-disk (there's a metapage now,
and possibly a pending list).

Teodor Sigaev

is still available, but you must now write the long equivalent --inserts
or --column-inserts.  This change is made to eliminate confusion with the
use of -d to specify a database name in most other Postgres client programs.
Original patch by Greg Mullane, modified per subsequent discussion.

are.  per discussion on hackers

option.  We don't want to commit to what it does, but hiding it will only
cause confusion.

FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER/SERVER/USER MAPPING is optional.

programs that have a -W/--password option.

In passing, remove the ancient PSQL_ALWAYS_GET_PASSWORDS compile option.

wrappers (similar to procedural languages).  This way we don't need to retain
the nearly empty libraries, and we are more free in how to implement the
wrapper API in the future.

utilities.

The new code allows transfer of dropped column information to the
upgraded server.

get rid of the OID column.  This eliminates the problem discovered by Heikki
back in November that 8.4's suppression of "unnecessary" junk filtering in
INSERT/SELECT could lead to an Assert failure, or storing of oids into a table
that shouldn't have them if Asserts are off.  While that particular problem
could have been solved in other ways, it seems likely to be just a forerunner
of things to come if we continue to allow tables to contain rows that disagree
with the pg_class.relhasoids setting.  It's better to make this operation slow
than to sacrifice performance or risk bugs in more common code paths.

Also, add ALTER TABLE SET WITH OIDS to rewrite the table to add oids.
This was a bit more controversial, but in view of the very small amount of
extra code needed given the current ALTER TABLE infrastructure, it seems best
to eliminate the asymmetry in features.

collection.

per-table overrides of parameters.

This removes a whole class of problems related to misusing the catalog,
and perhaps more importantly, gives us pg_dump support for the parameters.

Based on a patch by Euler Taveira de Oliveira, heavily reworked by me.

Erik Rijkers

bit more visibility to the PGOPTIONS environment variable supported by
libpq.

Bryce Nesbitt

per gripe from David Wheeler that this was mentioned nowhere.
In passing, editorialize a bit on the description of the SQL:2008
equivalent syntax.

post-data step is run in a separate worker child (a thread on Windows, a child
process elsewhere) up to the concurrent number specified by the new pg_restore
command-line --multi-thread | -m switch.

Andrew Dunstan, with some editing by Tom Lane.

qualifier, and add support for this in pg_dump.

This allows TOAST tables to have user-defined fillfactor, and will also
enable us to move the autovacuum parameters to reloptions without taking
away the possibility of setting values for TOAST tables.

results out of order because of locking, per bug report 4593

Stephen Frost, with help from KaiGai Kohei and others

Bernd Helmle

CREATE/ALTER/DROP USER MAPPING are now allowed either by the server owner or
by a user with USAGE privileges for his own user name.  This is more or less
what the SQL standard wants anyway (plus "implementation-defined")

Hide information_schema.user_mapping_options.option_value, unless the current
user is the one associated with the user mapping, or is the server owner and
the mapping is for PUBLIC, or is a superuser.  This is to protect passwords.

Also, fix a bug in information_schema._pg_foreign_servers, which hid servers
using wrappers where the current user did not have privileges on the wrapper.
The correct behavior is to hide servers where the current user has no
privileges on the server.

to the display, not restricted in the display; new text:

        The letter <literal>S</literal> adds the listing of system
        objects; without <literal>S</literal>, only non-system
        objects are shown.

after ONLY.

recursive.

=> Note this incompatibility in the release notes.

clarity.

Fix \do and trigger display for the patch too.

performing dumps and restores in accordance with a security policy that
forbids logging in directly as superuser, but instead specifies that you
should log into an admin account and then SET ROLE to the superuser.

In passing, clean up some ugly and mostly-broken code for quoting shell
arguments in pg_dumpall.

Benedek László, with some help from Tom Lane

frame clause, as appears to be required by the fine print in the SQL spec.
Per discussion with Pavel, not doing so risks user confusion.

so that user-defined window functions are possible.  For the moment you'll
have to write them in C, for lack of any interface to the WindowObject API
in the available PLs, but it's better than no support at all.

There was some debate about the best syntax for this.  I ended up choosing
the "it's an attribute" position --- the other approach will inevitably be
more work, and the likely market for user-defined window functions is
probably too small to justify it.

patch.  This includes the ability to force the frame to cover the whole
partition, and the ability to make the frame end exactly on the current row
rather than its last ORDER BY peer.  Supporting any more of the full SQL
frame-clause syntax will require nontrivial hacking on the window aggregate
code, so it'll have to wait for 8.5 or beyond.

per Hitoshi Harada.

Hitoshi Harada, with some kibitzing from Heikki and Tom.

This doesn't do any remote or external things yet, but it gives modules
like plproxy and dblink a standardized and future-proof system for
managing their connection information.

Martin Pihlak and Peter Eisentraut