Don't move parenthesized lines to the left, even if that means they
flow past the right margin.

By default, BSD indent lines up statement continuation lines that are
within parentheses so that they start just to the right of the preceding
left parenthesis.  However, traditionally, if that resulted in the
continuation line extending to the right of the desired right margin,
then indent would push it left just far enough to not overrun the margin,
if it could do so without making the continuation line start to the left of
the current statement indent.  That makes for a weird mix of indentations
unless one has been completely rigid about never violating the 80-column
limit.

This behavior has been pretty universally panned by Postgres developers.
Hence, disable it with indent's new -lpl switch, so that parenthesized
lines are always lined up with the preceding left paren.

This patch is much less interesting than the first round of indent
changes, but also bulkier, so I thought it best to separate the effects.

Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/E1dAmxK-0006EE-1r@gemulon.postgresql.org
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/30527.1495162840@sss.pgh.pa.us

This makes almost all core code follow the policy introduced in the
previous commit.  Specific decisions:

- Text search support functions with char* and length arguments, such as
  prsstart and lexize, may receive unaligned strings.  I doubt
  maintainers of non-core text search code will notice.

- Use plain VARDATA() on values detoasted or synthesized earlier in the
  same function.  Use VARDATA_ANY() on varlenas sourced outside the
  function, even if they happen to always have four-byte headers.  As an
  exception, retain the universal practice of using VARDATA() on return
  values of SendFunctionCall().

- Retain PG_GETARG_BYTEA_P() in pageinspect.  (Page images are too large
  for a one-byte header, so this misses no optimization.)  Sites that do
  not call get_page_from_raw() typically need the four-byte alignment.

- For now, do not change btree_gist.  Its use of four-byte headers in
  memory is partly entangled with storage of 4-byte headers inside
  GBT_VARKEY, on disk.

- For now, do not change gtrgm_consistent() or gtrgm_distance().  They
  incorporate the varlena header into a cache, and there are multiple
  credible implementation strategies to consider.

This avoids that builtins.h has to include additional header files.

All functions provided by this extension are PARALLEL SAFE.

Andreas Karlsson

Script now use the standard Unicode transliterator Latin-ASCII.

Author: Leonard Benedetti

Backpatch certain files through 9.1

Add Python script for buiding unaccent.rules from Unicode data. Don't
backpatch because unaccent changes may require tsvector/index
rebuild.

Thomas Munro <thomas.munro@enterprisedb.com>

Backpatch certain files through 9.0

Some of the many error messages introduced in 458857cc missed 'FROM
unpackaged'. Also e016b724 and 45ffeb7e forgot to quote extension
version numbers.

Backpatch to 9.1, just like 458857cc which introduced the messages. Do
so because the error messages thrown when the wrong command is copy &
pasted aren't easy to understand.

Prominent binaries already had this metadata.  A handful of minor
binaries, such as pg_regress.exe, still lack it; efforts to eliminate
such exceptions are welcome.

Michael Paquier, reviewed by MauMau.

The output buffer size in unaccent_lexize() was calculated as input string
length times pg_database_encoding_max_length(), which effectively assumes
that replacement strings aren't more than one character.  While that was
all that we previously documented it to support, the code actually has
always allowed replacement strings of arbitrary length; so if you tried
to make use of longer strings, you were at risk of buffer overrun.  To fix,
use an expansible StringInfo buffer instead of trying to determine the
maximum space needed a-priori.

This would be a security issue if unaccent rules files could be installed
by unprivileged users; but fortunately they can't, so in the back branches
the problem can be labeled as improper configuration by a superuser.
Nonetheless, a memory stomp isn't a nice way of reacting to improper
configuration, so let's back-patch the fix.

We were already issuing a WARNING, albeit only elog not ereport, for
duplicate source strings; so warning rather than just being stoically
silent seems like the best thing to do here.  Arguably both of these
complaints should be upgraded to ERRORs, but that might be more
behavioral change than people want.

Note: the faulty line is already printed via an errcontext hook,
so there's no need for more information than these messages provide.

This could be useful in languages where diacritic signs are represented as
separate characters; more generally it supports using unaccent dictionaries
for substring substitutions beyond narrowly conceived "diacritic removal".
In any case, since the rule-file parser doesn't complain about
multi-character source strings, it behooves us to do something unsurprising
with them.

This is useful in languages where diacritic signs are represented as
separate characters; it's also one step towards letting unaccent be used
for arbitrary substring substitutions.

In passing, improve the user documentation for unaccent, which was sadly
vague about some important details.

Mohammad Alhashash, reviewed by Abhijit Menon-Sen

Because of gcc -Wmissing-prototypes, all functions in dynamically
loadable modules must have a separate prototype declaration.  This is
meant to detect global functions that are not declared in header files,
but in cases where the function is called via dfmgr, this is redundant.
Besides filling up space with boilerplate, this is a frequent source of
compiler warnings in extension modules.

We can fix that by creating the function prototype as part of the
PG_FUNCTION_INFO_V1 macro, which such modules have to use anyway.  That
makes the code of modules cleaner, because there is one less place where
the entry points have to be listed, and creates an additional check that
functions have the right prototype.

Remove now redundant prototypes from contrib and other modules.

Update all files in head, and files COPYRIGHT and legal.sgml in all back
branches.

The reverted patch to change functions from strict to immutable was
incorrect and needs additional research.

Suggestion from Pavel Stehule

This is the first run of the Perl-based pgindent script.  Also update
pgindent instructions.

Fix the term used in variable and struct names, and comments.

Alexander Korotkov

Fully update git head, and update back branches in ./COPYRIGHT and
legal.sgml files.

Josh Kupershmidt

Make it use t_isspace() to identify whitespace, rather than relying on
sscanf which is known to get it wrong on some platform/locale combinations.
Get rid of fixed-size buffers.  Make it actually continue to parse the file
after ignoring a line with untranslatable characters, as was obviously
intended.

The first of these issues is per gripe from J Smith, though not exactly
either of his proposed patches.

We have seen one too many reports of people trying to use 9.1 extension
files in the old-fashioned way of sourcing them in psql.  Not only does
that usually not work (due to failure to substitute for MODULE_PATHNAME
and/or @extschema@), but if it did work they'd get a collection of loose
objects not an extension.  To prevent this, insert an \echo ... \quit
line that prints a suitable error message into each extension script file,
and teach commands/extension.c to ignore lines starting with \echo.
That should not only prevent any adverse consequences of loading a script
file the wrong way, but make it crystal clear to users that they need to
do it differently now.

Tom Lane, following an idea of Andrew Dunstan's.  Back-patch into 9.1
... there is not going to be much value in this if we wait till 9.2.

Added a new option --extra-install to pg_regress to arrange installing
the respective contrib directory into the temporary installation.
This is currently not yet supported for Windows MSVC builds.

Updated the .gitignore files for contrib modules to ignore the
leftovers of a temp-install check run.

Changed the exit status of "make check" in a pgxs build (which still
does nothing) to 0 from 1.

Added "make check" in contrib to top-level "make check-world".

... for some value of "properly".  Instead of overriding REGRESS_OPTS,
set the variables ENCODING and NO_LOCALE, which is more expressive and
allows overriding by the user.  Fix vcregress.pl to handle that.

Also refactor things a little bit so that the same methods for setting
test locale and encoding can be used everywhere.

Take care of a couple of discrepancies between what you get from a fresh
install and what the first-draft update-from-unpackaged scripts produced.

It was never terribly consistent to use OR REPLACE (because of the lack of
comparable functionality for data types, operators, etc), and
experimentation shows that it's now positively pernicious in the extension
world.  We really want a failure to occur if there are any conflicts, else
it's unclear what the extension-ownership state of the conflicted object
ought to be.  Most of the time, CREATE EXTENSION will fail anyway because
of conflicts on other object types, but an extension defining only
functions can succeed, with bad results.

This isn't fully tested as yet, in particular I'm not sure that the
"foo--unpackaged--1.0.sql" scripts are OK.  But it's time to get some
buildfarm cycles on it.

sepgsql is not converted to an extension, mainly because it seems to
require a very nonstandard installation process.

Dimitri Fontaine and Tom Lane

Also do some further work in the back branches, where quite a bit wasn't
covered by Magnus' original back-patch.