process of dropping roles by dropping objects owned by them and privileges
granted to them, or giving the owned objects to someone else, through the
use of the data stored in the new pg_shdepend catalog.

Some refactoring of the GRANT/REVOKE code was needed, as well as ALTER OWNER
code.  Further cleanup of code duplication in the GRANT code seems necessary.

Implemented by me after an idea from Tom Lane, who also provided various kind
of implementation advice.

Regression tests pass.  Some tests for the new functionality are also added,
as well as rudimentary documentation.

the convenience of tuptoaster.c and is no longer needed, so may as well
get rid of some small amount of overhead.

tuple in-place, but instead passes back an all-new tuple structure if
any changes are needed.  This is a much cleaner and more robust solution
for the bug discovered by Alexey Beschiokov; accordingly, revert the
quick hack I installed yesterday.
With this change, HeapTupleData.t_datamcxt is no longer needed; will
remove it in a separate commit in HEAD only.

doing heap_insert or heap_update, wipe out any extracted fields in
the TupleTableSlot containing the tuple, because they might not be valid
anymore if tuptoaster.c changed the tuple.  Safe because slot must be
in the materialized state, but mighty ugly --- find a better answer!

not only the array contents, before claiming two arrays are equal.
Per recent discussion.

DROP objecttype IF EXISTS for the following objects:
  table view index sequence schema type domain conversion

the array (for array_push) or higher-dimensional array (for array_cat)
rather than decrementing it as before.  This avoids generating lower
bounds other than one for any array operation within the SQL spec.  Per
recent discussion.
Interestingly, this seems to have been the original behavior, because
while updating the docs I noticed that a large fraction of relevant
examples were *wrong* for the old behavior and are now right.  Is it
worth correcting this in the back-branch docs?

recursed twice on its first argument, leading to exponential time spent
on a deep nest of COALESCEs ... such as a deeply nested FULL JOIN would
produce.  Per report from Matt Carter.

translate undef to NULL for result arrayref, now that we allow NULLs in arrays. Update plperl regression test accordingly.

contents directly.

make psql honor explicit database parameter in -l mode, in case "postgres" database is missing - per complaint from Philip Yarra.

functionality, but I still need to make another pass looking at places
that incidentally use arrays (such as ACL manipulation) to make sure they
are null-safe.  Contrib needs work too.
I have not changed the behaviors that are still under discussion about
array comparison and what to do with lower bounds.

that was added to localbuf.c in 8.1; therefore, applying it to a temp table
left corrupt lookup state in memory.  The only case where this had a
significant chance of causing problems was an ON COMMIT DELETE ROWS temp
table; the other possible paths left bogus state that was unlikely to
be used again.  Per report from Csaba Nagy.

its result when the clause was an OR clause.  Brain fade exposed by
example from Sebastian BÎck.

names from being added to pgindent's typedef list.  The existance of
them caused weird formatting in the date/type files, and in keywords.c.

Backpatch to 8.1.X.

columns, shifting comment to the right when more than 150 'else if'
clauses were used, and update typedefs for 8.1.X.

NetBSD patched updated, with documentation.

sense and rename to "outerjoin_delayed" to more clearly reflect what it
means).  I had decided that it was redundant in 8.1, but the folly of this
is exposed by a bug report from Sebastian Böck.  The place where it's
needed is to prevent orindxpath.c from cherry-picking arms of an outer-join
OR clause to form a relation restriction that isn't actually legal to push
down to the relation scan level.  There may be some legal cases that this
forbids optimizing, but we'd need much closer analysis to determine it.

Cosmetic fix only.

slot of the topmost plan node when a trigger returns a modified tuple.
These appear to be the only places where a plan node's caller did not
treat the result slot as read-only, which is an assumption that nodeUnique
makes as of 8.1.  Fixes trigger-vs-DISTINCT bug reported by Frank van Vugt.

surprising results when it's some other numeric type.  This doesn't solve
the generic problem of surprising implicit casts to text, but it's a
low-impact way of making sure this particular case behaves sanely.
Per gripe from Harald Fuchs and subsequent discussion.

indent bug.

add missing quote mark to ident_file sample line - per Hiroshi Saito

anything but transaction-exiting commands (ROLLBACK etc).  We already rejected
Parse and Execute in such cases, so there seems little point in allowing Bind.
This prevents at least an Assert failure, and probably worse things, since
there's a lot of infrastructure that doesn't work when not in a live
transaction.  We can also simplify the Bind logic a bit by rejecting messages
with a nonzero number of parameters, instead of the former kluge to silently
substitute NULL for each parameter.  Per bug #2033 from Joel Stevenson.

on every index page they read; in particular to catch the case of an
all-zero page, which PageHeaderIsValid allows to pass.  It turns out
hash already had this idea, but it was just Assert()ing things rather
than doing a straight error check, and the Asserts were partially
redundant with PageHeaderIsValid anyway.  Per recent failure example
from Jim Nasby.  (gist still needs the same treatment.)

for the SLRU race condition that I posted a few days ago, but we decided
not to use in 8.1 and older branches.

to assume that the string pointer passed to set_ps_display is good forever.
There's no need to anyway since ps_status.c itself saves the string, and
we already had an API (get_ps_display) to return it.
I believe this explains Jim Nasby's report of intermittent crashes in
elog.c when %i format code is in use in log_line_prefix.
While at it, repair a previously unnoticed problem: on some platforms such as
Darwin, the string returned by get_ps_display was blank-padded to the maximum
length, meaning that lock.c's attempt to append " waiting" to it never worked.