Add sourcefile/sourceline data to EXEC_BACKEND GUC transmission files.

This oversight meant that on Windows, the pg_settings view would not
display source file or line number information for values coming from
postgresql.conf, unless the backend had received a SIGHUP since starting.

In passing, also make the error detection in read_nondefault_variables a
tad more thorough, and fix it to not lose precision on float GUCs (these
changes are already in HEAD as of my previous commit).