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</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Ensure we do crash recovery before entering archive recovery, if the
database was not stopped cleanly and a <filename>recovery.conf</> file
is present (Heikki Linnakangas, Kyotaro Horiguchi, Mitsumasa Kondo)
</para>
<para>
This is needed to ensure that the database is consistent in certain
scenarios, such as initializing a standby server with a filesystem
snapshot from a running server.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Avoid deleting not-yet-archived WAL files during crash recovery
(Heikki Linnakangas, Fujii Masao)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix race condition in <command>DELETE RETURNING</> (Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
Under the right circumstances, <command>DELETE RETURNING</> could
attempt to fetch data from a shared buffer that the current process
no longer has any pin on. If some other process changed the buffer
meanwhile, this would lead to garbage <literal>RETURNING</> output, or
even a crash.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix infinite-loop risk in regular expression compilation (Tom Lane,
Don Porter)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix potential null-pointer dereference in regular expression compilation
(Tom Lane)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix <function>to_char()</> to use ASCII-only case-folding rules where
appropriate (Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
This fixes misbehavior of some template patterns that should be
locale-independent, but mishandled <quote><literal>I</></quote> and
<quote><literal>i</></quote> in Turkish locales.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix unwanted rejection of timestamp <literal>1999-12-31 24:00:00</>
(Tom Lane)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix SQL-language functions to be safely usable as support
functions for range types (Tom Lane)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix logic error when a single transaction does <command>UNLISTEN</>
then <command>LISTEN</> (Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
The session wound up not listening for notify events at all, though it
surely should listen in this case.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix possible planner crash after columns have been added to a view
that's depended on by another view (Tom Lane)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix performance issue in <literal>EXPLAIN (ANALYZE, TIMING OFF)</>
(Pavel Stehule)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Remove useless <quote>picksplit doesn't support secondary split</> log
messages (Josh Hansen, Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
This message seems to have been added in expectation of code that was
never written, and probably never will be, since GiST's default
handling of secondary splits is actually pretty good. So stop nagging
end users about it.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Remove vestigial secondary-split support in
<function>gist_box_picksplit()</> (Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
Not only was this implementation of secondary-split not better than the
default implementation, it's actually worse. So remove it and let the
default code path handle the case.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix possible failure to send a session's last few transaction
commit/abort counts to the statistics collector (Tom Lane)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Eliminate memory leaks in PL/Perl's <function>spi_prepare()</> function
(Alex Hunsaker, Tom Lane)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix <application>pg_dumpall</> to handle database names containing
<quote><literal>=</></quote> correctly (Heikki Linnakangas)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Avoid crash in <application>pg_dump</> when an incorrect connection
string is given (Heikki Linnakangas)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Ignore invalid indexes in <application>pg_dump</> and
<application>pg_upgrade</> (Michael Paquier, Bruce Momjian)
</para>
<para>
Dumping invalid indexes can cause problems at restore time, for example
if the reason the index creation failed was because it tried to enforce
a uniqueness condition not satisfied by the table's data. Also, if the
index creation is in fact still in progress, it seems reasonable to
consider it to be an uncommitted DDL change, which
<application>pg_dump</> wouldn't be expected to dump anyway.
<application>pg_upgrade</> now also skips invalid indexes rather than
failing.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
In <application>pg_basebackup</>, include only the current server
version's subdirectory when backing up a tablespace (Heikki
Linnakangas)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Add a server version check in <application>pg_basebackup</> and
<application>pg_receivexlog</>, so they fail cleanly with version
combinations that won't work (Heikki Linnakangas)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix <filename>contrib/dblink</> to handle inconsistent settings of
<varname>DateStyle</> or <varname>IntervalStyle</> safely (Daniel
Farina, Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
Previously, if the remote server had different settings of these
parameters, ambiguous dates might be read incorrectly. This fix
ensures that datetime and interval columns fetched by a
<filename>dblink</> query will be interpreted correctly. Note however
that inconsistent settings are still risky, since literal values
appearing in SQL commands sent to the remote server might be
interpreted differently than they would be locally.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix <filename>contrib/pg_trgm</>'s <function>similarity()</> function
to return zero for trigram-less strings (Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
Previously it returned <literal>NaN</> due to internal division by zero.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Enable building <productname>PostgreSQL</> with Microsoft Visual
Studio 2012 (Brar Piening, Noah Misch)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Update time zone data files to <application>tzdata</> release 2013b
for DST law changes in Chile, Haiti, Morocco, Paraguay, and some
Russian areas. Also, historical zone data corrections for numerous
places.
</para>
<para>
Also, update the time zone abbreviation files for recent changes in
Russia and elsewhere: <literal>CHOT</>, <literal>GET</>,
<literal>IRKT</>, <literal>KGT</>, <literal>KRAT</>, <literal>MAGT</>,
<literal>MAWT</>, <literal>MSK</>, <literal>NOVT</>, <literal>OMST</>,
<literal>TKT</>, <literal>VLAT</>, <literal>WST</>, <literal>YAKT</>,
<literal>YEKT</> now follow their current meanings, and
<literal>VOLT</> (Europe/Volgograd) and <literal>MIST</>
(Antarctica/Macquarie) are added to the default abbreviations list.
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</sect2>
</sect1>
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<sect1 id="release-9-2-3">
<title>Release 9.2.3</title>
<note>
<title>Release Date</title>
<simpara>2013-02-07</simpara>
</note>
<para>
This release contains a variety of fixes from 9.2.2.
For information about new features in the 9.2 major release, see
<xref linkend="release-9-2">.
</para>
<sect2>
<title>Migration to Version 9.2.3</title>
<para>
A dump/restore is not required for those running 9.2.X.
</para>
<para>
However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 9.2.2,
see <xref linkend="release-9-2-2">.
</para>
</sect2>
<sect2>
<title>Changes</title>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
Prevent execution of <function>enum_recv</> from SQL (Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
The function was misdeclared, allowing a simple SQL command to crash the
server. In principle an attacker might be able to use it to examine the
contents of server memory. Our thanks to Sumit Soni (via Secunia SVCRP)
for reporting this issue. (CVE-2013-0255)
</para>
</listitem>
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<listitem>
<para>
Fix multiple problems in detection of when a consistent database
state has been reached during WAL replay (Fujii Masao, Heikki
Linnakangas, Simon Riggs, Andres Freund)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix detection of end-of-backup point when no actual redo work is
required (Heikki Linnakangas)
</para>
<para>
This mistake could result in incorrect <quote>WAL ends before end of
online backup</> errors.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Update minimum recovery point when truncating a relation file (Heikki
Linnakangas)
</para>
<para>
Once data has been discarded, it's no longer safe to stop recovery at
an earlier point in the timeline.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix recycling of WAL segments after changing recovery target timeline
(Heikki Linnakangas)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Properly restore timeline history files from archive on cascading
standby servers (Heikki Linnakangas)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix lock conflict detection on hot-standby servers (Andres Freund,
Robert Haas)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix missing cancellations in hot standby mode (Noah Misch, Simon Riggs)
</para>
<para>
The need to cancel conflicting hot-standby queries would sometimes be
missed, allowing those queries to see inconsistent data.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Prevent recovery pause feature from pausing before users can connect
(Tom Lane)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix SQL grammar to allow subscripting or field selection from a
sub-SELECT result (Tom Lane)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix performance problems with autovacuum truncation in busy workloads
(Jan Wieck)
</para>
<para>
Truncation of empty pages at the end of a table requires exclusive
lock, but autovacuum was coded to fail (and release the table lock)
when there are conflicting lock requests. Under load, it is easily
possible that truncation would never occur, resulting in table bloat.
Fix by performing a partial truncation, releasing the lock, then
attempting to re-acquire the lock and continue. This fix also greatly
reduces the average time before autovacuum releases the lock after a
conflicting request arrives.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Improve performance of <function>SPI_execute</> and related
functions, thereby improving PL/pgSQL's <literal>EXECUTE</>
(Heikki Linnakangas, Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
Remove some data-copying overhead that was added in 9.2 as a
consequence of revisions in the plan caching mechanism. This
eliminates a performance regression compared to 9.1, and also saves
memory, especially when the query string to be executed contains many
SQL statements.
</para>
<para>
A side benefit is that multi-statement query strings are now
processed fully serially, that is we complete execution of earlier
statements before running parse analysis and planning on the
following ones. This eliminates a long-standing issue, in that DDL
that should affect the behavior of a later statement will now behave as
expected.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Restore pre-9.2 cost estimates for index usage (Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
An ill-considered change of a fudge factor led to undesirably high
cost estimates for use of very large indexes.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix intermittent crash in <literal>DROP INDEX CONCURRENTLY</> (Tom Lane)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix potential corruption of shared-memory lock table during
<command>CREATE/DROP INDEX CONCURRENTLY</> (Tom Lane)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix <command>COPY</>'s multiple-tuple-insertion code for the case of
a tuple larger than page size minus fillfactor (Heikki Linnakangas)
</para>
<para>
The previous coding could get into an infinite loop.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Protect against race conditions when scanning
<structname>pg_tablespace</> (Stephen Frost, Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
<command>CREATE DATABASE</> and <command>DROP DATABASE</> could
misbehave if there were concurrent updates of
<structname>pg_tablespace</> entries.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Prevent <command>DROP OWNED</> from trying to drop whole databases or
tablespaces (Álvaro Herrera)
</para>
<para>
For safety, ownership of these objects must be reassigned, not dropped.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix error in <link
linkend="guc-vacuum-freeze-table-age"><varname>vacuum_freeze_table_age</></link>
implementation (Andres Freund)
</para>
<para>
In installations that have existed for more than <link
linkend="guc-vacuum-freeze-min-age"><varname>vacuum_freeze_min_age</></link>
transactions, this mistake prevented autovacuum from using partial-table
scans, so that a full-table scan would always happen instead.
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</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Prevent misbehavior when a <symbol>RowExpr</> or <symbol>XmlExpr</>
is parse-analyzed twice (Andres Freund, Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
This mistake could be user-visible in contexts such as
<literal>CREATE TABLE LIKE INCLUDING INDEXES</>.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Improve defenses against integer overflow in hashtable sizing
calculations (Jeff Davis)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix some bugs associated with privileges on datatypes (Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
There were some issues with default privileges for types, and
<application>pg_dump</> failed to dump such privileges at all.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix failure to ignore leftover temporary tables after a server crash
(Tom Lane)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix failure to rotate postmaster log files for size reasons on
Windows (Jeff Janes, Heikki Linnakangas)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Reject out-of-range dates in <function>to_date()</> (Hitoshi Harada)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix <function>pg_extension_config_dump()</> to handle
extension-update cases properly (Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
This function will now replace any existing entry for the target
table, making it usable in extension update scripts.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix PL/pgSQL's reporting of plan-time errors in possibly-simple
expressions (Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
The previous coding resulted in sometimes omitting the first line in
the <literal>CONTEXT</> traceback for the error.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix PL/Python's handling of functions used as triggers on multiple
tables (Andres Freund)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Ensure that non-ASCII prompt strings are translated to the correct
code page on Windows (Alexander Law, Noah Misch)
</para>
<para>
This bug affected <application>psql</> and some other client programs.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix possible crash in <application>psql</>'s <command>\?</> command
when not connected to a database (Meng Qingzhong)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix possible error if a relation file is removed while
<application>pg_basebackup</> is running (Heikki Linnakangas)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Tolerate timeline switches while <literal>pg_basebackup -X fetch</>
is backing up a standby server (Heikki Linnakangas)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Make <application>pg_dump</> exclude data of unlogged tables when
running on a hot-standby server (Magnus Hagander)
</para>
<para>
This would fail anyway because the data is not available on the standby
server, so it seems most convenient to assume
<option>--no-unlogged-table-data</> automatically.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix <application>pg_upgrade</> to deal with invalid indexes safely
(Bruce Momjian)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix <application>pg_upgrade</>'s -O/-o options (Marti Raudsepp)
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</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix one-byte buffer overrun in <application>libpq</>'s
<function>PQprintTuples</> (Xi Wang)
</para>
<para>
This ancient function is not used anywhere by
<productname>PostgreSQL</> itself, but it might still be used by some
client code.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Make <application>ecpglib</> use translated messages properly
(Chen Huajun)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Properly install <application>ecpg_compat</> and
<application>pgtypes</> libraries on MSVC (Jiang Guiqing)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Include our version of <function>isinf()</> in
<application>libecpg</> if it's not provided by the system
(Jiang Guiqing)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Rearrange configure's tests for supplied functions so it is not
fooled by bogus exports from libedit/libreadline (Christoph Berg)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Ensure Windows build number increases over time (Magnus Hagander)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Make <application>pgxs</> build executables with the right
<literal>.exe</> suffix when cross-compiling for Windows
(Zoltan Boszormenyi)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Add new timezone abbreviation <literal>FET</> (Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
This is now used in some eastern-European time zones.
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</sect2>
</sect1>
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<sect1 id="release-9-2-2">
<title>Release 9.2.2</title>
<note>
<title>Release Date</title>
<simpara>2012-12-06</simpara>
</note>
<para>
This release contains a variety of fixes from 9.2.1.
For information about new features in the 9.2 major release, see
<xref linkend="release-9-2">.
</para>
<sect2>
<title>Migration to Version 9.2.2</title>
<para>
A dump/restore is not required for those running 9.2.X.
</para>
<para>
However, you may need to perform <command>REINDEX</> operations to
correct problems in concurrently-built indexes, as described in the first
changelog item below.
</para>
<para>
Also, if you are upgrading from version 9.2.0,
see <xref linkend="release-9-2-1">.
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</para>
</sect2>
<sect2>
<title>Changes</title>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix multiple bugs associated with <command>CREATE/DROP INDEX
CONCURRENTLY</> (Andres Freund, Tom Lane, Simon Riggs, Pavan Deolasee)
</para>
<para>
An error introduced while adding <command>DROP INDEX CONCURRENTLY</>
allowed incorrect indexing decisions to be made during the initial
phase of <command>CREATE INDEX CONCURRENTLY</>; so that indexes built
by that command could be corrupt. It is recommended that indexes
built in 9.2.X with <command>CREATE INDEX CONCURRENTLY</> be rebuilt
after applying this update.
</para>
<para>
In addition, fix <command>CREATE/DROP INDEX CONCURRENTLY</> to use
in-place updates when changing the state of an index's
<structname>pg_index</> row. This prevents race conditions that could
cause concurrent sessions to miss updating the target index, thus
again resulting in corrupt concurrently-created indexes.
</para>
<para>
Also, fix various other operations to ensure that they ignore
invalid indexes resulting from a failed <command>CREATE INDEX
CONCURRENTLY</> command. The most important of these is
<command>VACUUM</>, because an auto-vacuum could easily be launched
on the table before corrective action can be taken to fix or remove
the invalid index.
</para>
<para>
Also fix <command>DROP INDEX CONCURRENTLY</> to not disable
insertions into the target index until all queries using it are done.
</para>
<para>
Also fix misbehavior if <command>DROP INDEX CONCURRENTLY</> is
canceled: the previous coding could leave an un-droppable index behind.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Correct predicate locking for <command>DROP INDEX CONCURRENTLY</>
(Kevin Grittner)
</para>
<para>
Previously, SSI predicate locks were processed at the wrong time,
possibly leading to incorrect behavior of serializable transactions
executing in parallel with the <command>DROP</>.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix buffer locking during WAL replay (Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
The WAL replay code was insufficiently careful about locking buffers
when replaying WAL records that affect more than one page. This could
result in hot standby queries transiently seeing inconsistent states,
resulting in wrong answers or unexpected failures.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix an error in WAL generation logic for GIN indexes (Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
This could result in index corruption, if a torn-page failure occurred.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix an error in WAL replay logic for SP-GiST indexes (Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
This could result in index corruption after a crash, or on a standby
server.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix incorrect detection of end-of-base-backup location during WAL
recovery (Heikki Linnakangas)
</para>
<para>
This mistake allowed hot standby mode to start up before the database
reaches a consistent state.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Properly remove startup process's virtual XID lock when promoting a
hot standby server to normal running (Simon Riggs)
</para>
<para>
This oversight could prevent subsequent execution of certain
operations such as <command>CREATE INDEX CONCURRENTLY</>.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Avoid bogus <quote>out-of-sequence timeline ID</> errors in standby
mode (Heikki Linnakangas)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Prevent the postmaster from launching new child processes after it's
received a shutdown signal (Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
This mistake could result in shutdown taking longer than it should, or
even never completing at all without additional user action.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix the syslogger process to not fail when
<varname>log_rotation_age</> exceeds 2^31 milliseconds (about 25 days)
(Tom Lane)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix <function>WaitLatch()</> to return promptly when the requested
timeout expires (Jeff Janes, Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
With the previous coding, a steady stream of non-wait-terminating
interrupts could delay return from <function>WaitLatch()</>
indefinitely. This has been shown to be a problem for the autovacuum
launcher process, and might cause trouble elsewhere as well.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Avoid corruption of internal hash tables when out of memory
(Hitoshi Harada)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Prevent file descriptors for dropped tables from being held open past
transaction end (Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
This should reduce problems with long-since-dropped tables continuing
to occupy disk space.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Prevent database-wide crash and restart when a new child process is
unable to create a pipe for its latch (Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
Although the new process must fail, there is no good reason to force a
database-wide restart, so avoid that. This improves robustness when
the kernel is nearly out of file descriptors.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Avoid planner crash with joins to unflattened subqueries (Tom Lane)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix planning of non-strict equivalence clauses above outer joins
(Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
The planner could derive incorrect constraints from a clause equating
a non-strict construct to something else, for example
<literal>WHERE COALESCE(foo, 0) = 0</>
when <literal>foo</> is coming from the nullable side of an outer join.
9.2 showed this type of error in more cases than previous releases,
but the basic bug has been there for a long time.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix <command>SELECT DISTINCT</> with index-optimized
<function>MIN</>/<function>MAX</> on an inheritance tree (Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
The planner would fail with <quote>failed to re-find MinMaxAggInfo
record</> given this combination of factors.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Make sure the planner sees implicit and explicit casts as equivalent
for all purposes, except in the minority of cases where there's
actually a semantic difference (Tom Lane)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Include join clauses when considering whether partial indexes can be
used for a query (Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
A strict join clause can be sufficient to establish an
<replaceable>x</> <literal>IS NOT NULL</> predicate, for example.
This fixes a planner regression in 9.2, since previous versions could
make comparable deductions.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Limit growth of planning time when there are many indexable join
clauses for the same index (Tom Lane)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Improve planner's ability to prove exclusion constraints from
equivalence classes (Tom Lane)
</para>