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<sect1 id="release-9-2-18">
<title>Release 9.2.18</title>
<note>
<title>Release Date</title>
<simpara>2016-08-11</simpara>
</note>
<para>
This release contains a variety of fixes from 9.2.17.
For information about new features in the 9.2 major release, see
<xref linkend="release-9-2">.
</para>
<sect2>
<title>Migration to Version 9.2.18</title>
<para>
A dump/restore is not required for those running 9.2.X.
</para>
<para>
However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 9.2.11,
see <xref linkend="release-9-2-11">.
</para>
</sect2>
<sect2>
<title>Changes</title>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix corner-case misbehaviors for <literal>IS NULL</>/<literal>IS NOT
NULL</> applied to nested composite values (Andrew Gierth, Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
The SQL standard specifies that <literal>IS NULL</> should return
TRUE for a row of all null values (thus <literal>ROW(NULL,NULL) IS
NULL</> yields TRUE), but this is not meant to apply recursively
(thus <literal>ROW(NULL, ROW(NULL,NULL)) IS NULL</> yields FALSE).
The core executor got this right, but certain planner optimizations
treated the test as recursive (thus producing TRUE in both cases),
and <filename>contrib/postgres_fdw</> could produce remote queries
that misbehaved similarly.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Make the <type>inet</> and <type>cidr</> data types properly reject
IPv6 addresses with too many colon-separated fields (Tom Lane)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Prevent crash in <function>close_ps()</>
(the <type>point</> <literal>##</> <type>lseg</> operator)
for NaN input coordinates (Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
Make it return NULL instead of crashing.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Avoid unsafe intermediate state during expensive paths
through <function>heap_update()</> (Masahiko Sawada, Andres Freund)
</para>
<para>
Previously, these cases locked the target tuple (by setting its XMAX)
but did not WAL-log that action, thus risking data integrity problems
if the page were spilled to disk and then a database crash occurred
before the tuple update could be completed.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Avoid crash in <literal>postgres -C</> when the specified variable
has a null string value (Michael Paquier)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Avoid consuming a transaction ID during <command>VACUUM</>
(Alexander Korotkov)
</para>
<para>
Some cases in <command>VACUUM</> unnecessarily caused an XID to be
assigned to the current transaction. Normally this is negligible,
but if one is up against the XID wraparound limit, consuming more
XIDs during anti-wraparound vacuums is a very bad thing.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Avoid canceling hot-standby queries during <command>VACUUM FREEZE</>
(Simon Riggs, Álvaro Herrera)
</para>
<para>
<command>VACUUM FREEZE</> on an otherwise-idle master server could
result in unnecessary cancellations of queries on its standby
servers.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
When a manual <command>ANALYZE</> specifies a column list, don't
reset the table's <literal>changes_since_analyze</> counter
(Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
If we're only analyzing some columns, we should not prevent routine
auto-analyze from happening for the other columns.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix <command>ANALYZE</>'s overestimation of <literal>n_distinct</>
for a unique or nearly-unique column with many null entries (Tom
Lane)
</para>
<para>
The nulls could get counted as though they were themselves distinct
values, leading to serious planner misestimates in some types of
queries.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Prevent autovacuum from starting multiple workers for the same shared
catalog (Álvaro Herrera)
</para>
<para>
Normally this isn't much of a problem because the vacuum doesn't take
long anyway; but in the case of a severely bloated catalog, it could
result in all but one worker uselessly waiting instead of doing
useful work on other tables.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Prevent infinite loop in GiST index build for geometric columns
containing NaN component values (Tom Lane)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix <filename>contrib/btree_gin</> to handle the smallest
possible <type>bigint</> value correctly (Peter Eisentraut)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Teach libpq to correctly decode server version from future servers
(Peter Eisentraut)
</para>
<para>
It's planned to switch to two-part instead of three-part server
version numbers for releases after 9.6. Make sure
that <function>PQserverVersion()</> returns the correct value for
such cases.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix <application>ecpg</>'s code for <literal>unsigned long long</>
array elements (Michael Meskes)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
In <application>pg_dump</> with both <option>-c</> and <option>-C</>
options, avoid emitting an unwanted <literal>CREATE SCHEMA public</>
command (David Johnston, Tom Lane)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Make <application>pg_basebackup</> accept <literal>-Z 0</> as
specifying no compression (Fujii Masao)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix makefiles' rule for building AIX shared libraries to be safe for
parallel make (Noah Misch)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix TAP tests and MSVC scripts to work when build directory's path
name contains spaces (Michael Paquier, Kyotaro Horiguchi)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Make regression tests safe for Danish and Welsh locales (Jeff Janes,
Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
Change some test data that triggered the unusual sorting rules of
these locales.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Update our copy of the timezone code to match
IANA's <application>tzcode</> release 2016c (Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
This is needed to cope with anticipated future changes in the time
zone data files. It also fixes some corner-case bugs in coping with
unusual time zones.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Update time zone data files to <application>tzdata</> release 2016f
for DST law changes in Kemerovo and Novosibirsk, plus historical
corrections for Azerbaijan, Belarus, and Morocco.
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</sect2>
</sect1>
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<sect1 id="release-9-2-17">
<title>Release 9.2.17</title>
<note>
<title>Release Date</title>
<simpara>2016-05-12</simpara>
</note>
<para>
This release contains a variety of fixes from 9.2.16.
For information about new features in the 9.2 major release, see
<xref linkend="release-9-2">.
</para>
<sect2>
<title>Migration to Version 9.2.17</title>
<para>
A dump/restore is not required for those running 9.2.X.
</para>
<para>
However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 9.2.11,
see <xref linkend="release-9-2-11">.
</para>
</sect2>
<sect2>
<title>Changes</title>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
Clear the OpenSSL error queue before OpenSSL calls, rather than
assuming it's clear already; and make sure we leave it clear
afterwards (Peter Geoghegan, Dave Vitek, Peter Eisentraut)
</para>
<para>
This change prevents problems when there are multiple connections
using OpenSSL within a single process and not all the code involved
follows the same rules for when to clear the error queue.
Failures have been reported specifically when a client application
uses SSL connections in <application>libpq</> concurrently with
SSL connections using the PHP, Python, or Ruby wrappers for OpenSSL.
It's possible for similar problems to arise within the server as well,
if an extension module establishes an outgoing SSL connection.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix <quote>failed to build any <replaceable>N</>-way joins</quote>
planner error with a full join enclosed in the right-hand side of a
left join (Tom Lane)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix incorrect handling of equivalence-class tests in multilevel
nestloop plans (Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
Given a three-or-more-way equivalence class of variables, such
as <literal>X.X = Y.Y = Z.Z</>, it was possible for the planner to omit
some of the tests needed to enforce that all the variables are actually
equal, leading to join rows being output that didn't satisfy
the <literal>WHERE</> clauses. For various reasons, erroneous plans
were seldom selected in practice, so that this bug has gone undetected
for a long time.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix possible misbehavior of <literal>TH</>, <literal>th</>,
and <literal>Y,YYY</> format codes in <function>to_timestamp()</>
(Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
These could advance off the end of the input string, causing subsequent
format codes to read garbage.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix dumping of rules and views in which the <replaceable>array</>
argument of a <literal><replaceable>value</> <replaceable>operator</>
ANY (<replaceable>array</>)</literal> construct is a sub-SELECT
(Tom Lane)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Make <application>pg_regress</> use a startup timeout from the
<envar>PGCTLTIMEOUT</> environment variable, if that's set (Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
This is for consistency with a behavior recently added
to <application>pg_ctl</>; it eases automated testing on slow machines.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix <application>pg_upgrade</> to correctly restore extension
membership for operator families containing only one operator class
(Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
In such a case, the operator family was restored into the new database,
but it was no longer marked as part of the extension. This had no
immediate ill effects, but would cause later <application>pg_dump</>
runs to emit output that would cause (harmless) errors on restore.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Back-port 9.4-era memory-barrier code changes into 9.2 and 9.3 (Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
These changes were not originally needed in pre-9.4 branches, but we
recently back-patched a fix that expected the barrier code to work
properly. Only IA64 (when using icc), HPPA, and Alpha platforms are
affected.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Reduce the number of SysV semaphores used by a build configured with
<option>--disable-spinlocks</> (Tom Lane)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Rename internal function <function>strtoi()</>
to <function>strtoint()</> to avoid conflict with a NetBSD library
function (Thomas Munro)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix reporting of errors from <function>bind()</>
and <function>listen()</> system calls on Windows (Tom Lane)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Reduce verbosity of compiler output when building with Microsoft Visual
Studio (Christian Ullrich)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Avoid possibly-unsafe use of Windows' <function>FormatMessage()</>
function (Christian Ullrich)
</para>
<para>
Use the <literal>FORMAT_MESSAGE_IGNORE_INSERTS</> flag where
appropriate. No live bug is known to exist here, but it seems like a
good idea to be careful.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Update time zone data files to <application>tzdata</> release 2016d
for DST law changes in Russia and Venezuela. There are new zone
names <literal>Europe/Kirov</> and <literal>Asia/Tomsk</> to reflect
the fact that these regions now have different time zone histories from
adjacent regions.
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</sect2>
</sect1>
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<sect1 id="release-9-2-16">
<title>Release 9.2.16</title>
<note>
<title>Release Date</title>
<simpara>2016-03-31</simpara>
</note>
<para>
This release contains a variety of fixes from 9.2.15.
For information about new features in the 9.2 major release, see
<xref linkend="release-9-2">.
</para>
<sect2>
<title>Migration to Version 9.2.16</title>
<para>
A dump/restore is not required for those running 9.2.X.
</para>
<para>
However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 9.2.11,
see <xref linkend="release-9-2-11">.
</para>
</sect2>
<sect2>
<title>Changes</title>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix incorrect handling of NULL index entries in
indexed <literal>ROW()</> comparisons (Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
An index search using a row comparison such as <literal>ROW(a, b) >
ROW('x', 'y')</> would stop upon reaching a NULL entry in
the <structfield>b</> column, ignoring the fact that there might be
non-NULL <structfield>b</> values associated with later values
of <structfield>a</>.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Avoid unlikely data-loss scenarios due to renaming files without
adequate <function>fsync()</> calls before and after (Michael Paquier,
Tomas Vondra, Andres Freund)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Correctly handle cases where <literal>pg_subtrans</> is close to XID
wraparound during server startup (Jeff Janes)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix corner-case crash due to trying to free <function>localeconv()</>
output strings more than once (Tom Lane)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix parsing of affix files for <literal>ispell</> dictionaries
(Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
The code could go wrong if the affix file contained any characters
whose byte length changes during case-folding, for
example <literal>I</> in Turkish UTF8 locales.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Avoid use of <function>sscanf()</> to parse <literal>ispell</>
dictionary files (Artur Zakirov)
</para>
<para>
This dodges a portability problem on FreeBSD-derived platforms
(including OS X).
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Avoid a crash on old Windows versions (before 7SP1/2008R2SP1) with an
AVX2-capable CPU and a Postgres build done with Visual Studio 2013
(Christian Ullrich)
</para>
<para>
This is a workaround for a bug in Visual Studio 2013's runtime
library, which Microsoft have stated they will not fix in that
version.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix <application>psql</>'s tab completion logic to handle multibyte
characters properly (Kyotaro Horiguchi, Robert Haas)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix <application>psql</>'s tab completion for
<literal>SECURITY LABEL</> (Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
Pressing TAB after <literal>SECURITY LABEL</> might cause a crash
or offering of inappropriate keywords.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Make <application>pg_ctl</> accept a wait timeout from the
<envar>PGCTLTIMEOUT</> environment variable, if none is specified on
the command line (Noah Misch)
</para>
<para>
This eases testing of slower buildfarm members by allowing them
to globally specify a longer-than-normal timeout for postmaster
startup and shutdown.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix incorrect test for Windows service status
in <application>pg_ctl</> (Manuel Mathar)
</para>
<para>
The previous set of minor releases attempted to
fix <application>pg_ctl</> to properly determine whether to send log
messages to Window's Event Log, but got the test backwards.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix <application>pgbench</> to correctly handle the combination
of <literal>-C</> and <literal>-M prepared</> options (Tom Lane)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
In PL/Perl, properly translate empty Postgres arrays into empty Perl
arrays (Alex Hunsaker)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Make PL/Python cope with function names that aren't valid Python
identifiers (Jim Nasby)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix multiple mistakes in the statistics returned
by <filename>contrib/pgstattuple</>'s <function>pgstatindex()</>
function (Tom Lane)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Remove dependency on <literal>psed</> in MSVC builds, since it's no
longer provided by core Perl (Michael Paquier, Andrew Dunstan)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Update time zone data files to <application>tzdata</> release 2016c
for DST law changes in Azerbaijan, Chile, Haiti, Palestine, and Russia
(Altai, Astrakhan, Kirov, Sakhalin, Ulyanovsk regions), plus
historical corrections for Lithuania, Moldova, and Russia
(Kaliningrad, Samara, Volgograd).
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</sect2>
</sect1>
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<sect1 id="release-9-2-15">
<title>Release 9.2.15</title>
<note>
<title>Release Date</title>
<simpara>2016-02-11</simpara>
</note>
<para>
This release contains a variety of fixes from 9.2.14.
For information about new features in the 9.2 major release, see
<xref linkend="release-9-2">.
</para>
<sect2>
<title>Migration to Version 9.2.15</title>
<para>
A dump/restore is not required for those running 9.2.X.
</para>
<para>
However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 9.2.11,
see <xref linkend="release-9-2-11">.
</para>
</sect2>
<sect2>
<title>Changes</title>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix infinite loops and buffer-overrun problems in regular expressions
(Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
Very large character ranges in bracket expressions could cause
infinite loops in some cases, and memory overwrites in other cases.
(CVE-2016-0773)
</para>
</listitem>
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<listitem>
<para>
Perform an immediate shutdown if the <filename>postmaster.pid</> file
is removed (Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
The postmaster now checks every minute or so
that <filename>postmaster.pid</> is still there and still contains its
own PID. If not, it performs an immediate shutdown, as though it had
received <systemitem>SIGQUIT</>. The main motivation for this change
is to ensure that failed buildfarm runs will get cleaned up without
manual intervention; but it also serves to limit the bad effects if a
DBA forcibly removes <filename>postmaster.pid</> and then starts a new
postmaster.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
In <literal>SERIALIZABLE</> transaction isolation mode, serialization
anomalies could be missed due to race conditions during insertions
(Kevin Grittner, Thomas Munro)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix failure to emit appropriate WAL records when doing <literal>ALTER
TABLE ... SET TABLESPACE</> for unlogged relations (Michael Paquier,
Andres Freund)
</para>
<para>
Even though the relation's data is unlogged, the move must be logged or
the relation will be inaccessible after a standby is promoted to master.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix possible misinitialization of unlogged relations at the end of
crash recovery (Andres Freund, Michael Paquier)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix <command>ALTER COLUMN TYPE</> to reconstruct inherited check
constraints properly (Tom Lane)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix <command>REASSIGN OWNED</> to change ownership of composite types
properly (Álvaro Herrera)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix <command>REASSIGN OWNED</> and <command>ALTER OWNER</> to correctly
update granted-permissions lists when changing owners of data types,
foreign data wrappers, or foreign servers (Bruce Momjian,
Álvaro Herrera)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix <command>REASSIGN OWNED</> to ignore foreign user mappings,
rather than fail (Álvaro Herrera)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Add more defenses against bad planner cost estimates for GIN index
scans when the index's internal statistics are very out-of-date
(Tom Lane)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Make planner cope with hypothetical GIN indexes suggested by an index
advisor plug-in (Julien Rouhaud)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix dumping of whole-row Vars in <literal>ROW()</>
and <literal>VALUES()</> lists (Tom Lane)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix possible internal overflow in <type>numeric</> division
(Dean Rasheed)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix enforcement of restrictions inside parentheses within regular
expression lookahead constraints (Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
Lookahead constraints aren't allowed to contain backrefs, and
parentheses within them are always considered non-capturing, according
to the manual. However, the code failed to handle these cases properly
inside a parenthesized subexpression, and would give unexpected
results.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Conversion of regular expressions to indexscan bounds could produce
incorrect bounds from regexps containing lookahead constraints
(Tom Lane)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix regular-expression compiler to handle loops of constraint arcs
(Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
The code added for CVE-2007-4772 was both incomplete, in that it didn't
handle loops involving more than one state, and incorrect, in that it
could cause assertion failures (though there seem to be no bad
consequences of that in a non-assert build). Multi-state loops would
cause the compiler to run until the query was canceled or it reached
the too-many-states error condition.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Improve memory-usage accounting in regular-expression compiler
(Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
This causes the code to emit <quote>regular expression is too
complex</> errors in some cases that previously used unreasonable
amounts of time and memory.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Improve performance of regular-expression compiler (Tom Lane)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Make <literal>%h</> and <literal>%r</> escapes
in <varname>log_line_prefix</> work for messages emitted due
to <varname>log_connections</> (Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
Previously, <literal>%h</>/<literal>%r</> started to work just after a
new session had emitted the <quote>connection received</> log message;
now they work for that message too.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
On Windows, ensure the shared-memory mapping handle gets closed in
child processes that don't need it (Tom Lane, Amit Kapila)
</para>
<para>
This oversight resulted in failure to recover from crashes
whenever <varname>logging_collector</> is turned on.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix possible failure to detect socket EOF in non-blocking mode on
Windows (Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
It's not entirely clear whether this problem can happen in pre-9.5
branches, but if it did, the symptom would be that a walsender process
would wait indefinitely rather than noticing a loss of connection.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Avoid leaking a token handle during SSPI authentication
(Christian Ullrich)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
In <application>psql</>, ensure that <application>libreadline</>'s idea
of the screen size is updated when the terminal window size changes
(Merlin Moncure)
</para>
<para>
Previously, <application>libreadline</> did not notice if the window
was resized during query output, leading to strange behavior during
later input of multiline queries.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix <application>psql</>'s <literal>\det</> command to interpret its
pattern argument the same way as other <literal>\d</> commands with
potentially schema-qualified patterns do (Reece Hart)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Avoid possible crash in <application>psql</>'s <literal>\c</> command
when previous connection was via Unix socket and command specifies a
new hostname and same username (Tom Lane)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
In <literal>pg_ctl start -w</>, test child process status directly
rather than relying on heuristics (Tom Lane, Michael Paquier)
</para>
<para>
Previously, <application>pg_ctl</> relied on an assumption that the new
postmaster would always create <filename>postmaster.pid</> within five
seconds. But that can fail on heavily-loaded systems,
causing <application>pg_ctl</> to report incorrectly that the
postmaster failed to start.
</para>
<para>
Except on Windows, this change also means that a <literal>pg_ctl start
-w</> done immediately after another such command will now reliably
fail, whereas previously it would report success if done within two
seconds of the first command.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
In <literal>pg_ctl start -w</>, don't attempt to use a wildcard listen
address to connect to the postmaster (Kondo Yuta)
</para>
<para>
On Windows, <application>pg_ctl</> would fail to detect postmaster
startup if <varname>listen_addresses</> is set to <literal>0.0.0.0</>
or <literal>::</>, because it would try to use that value verbatim as
the address to connect to, which doesn't work. Instead assume
that <literal>127.0.0.1</> or <literal>::1</>, respectively, is the
right thing to use.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
In <application>pg_ctl</> on Windows, check service status to decide
where to send output, rather than checking if standard output is a
terminal (Michael Paquier)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
In <application>pg_dump</> and <application>pg_basebackup</>, adopt