PostgreSQL 7.0.1 multi-byte (MB) support README May 20 2000 Tatsuo Ishii ishii@postgresql.org http://www.sra.co.jp/people/t-ishii/PostgreSQL/ [��] 1. �P�¥ۤ��F�� (Tatsuo Ishii) ����! 2. �����������ҵL, ��Ķ�Y�����~, ���p�� cch@cc.kmu.edu.tw 0. ²�� MB �䴩�O���F�� PostgreSQL ��B�z�h�줸�զr�� (multi-byte character), �Ҧp: EUC (Extended Unix Code), Unicode (�Τ@�X) �M Mule internal code (�h��y�����X). �b MB ���䴩�U, �A�i�H�b���W���ܦ� (regexp), LIKE �� ��L�@�Ǩ禡���ϥΦh�줸�զr��. �w�]���s�X�t�Υi���M��A�w�� PostgreSQL �ɪ� initdb(1) �R�O, ��i�� createdb(1) �R�O�Ϋإ߸�Ʈw�� SQL �R�O�M�w. �ҥH�A�i�H���h�Ӥ��P�s�X�t�Ϊ���Ʈw. MB �䴩�]�ѨM�F�@�� 8 �줸��줸�զr���� (�]�t ISO-8859-1) ���������D, (�ڨèS�����Ҧ����������D���ѨM�F, �ڥu�O�T�{�F�j�k���հ��榨�\, �Ӥ@�Ǫk�y�r���b MB �ɤU�i�H�ϥ�. �p�G�A�b�ϥ� 8 �줸�r���ɵo�{�F ������D, �гq����) 1. �p��ϥ� �sĶ PostgreSQL �e, ���� configure �ɨϥ� multibyte ���ﶵ % ./configure --enable-multibyte[=encoding_system] % ./configure --enable-multibyte[=�s�X�t��] �䤤���s�X�t�Υi�H���w���U���䤤���@: SQL_ASCII ASCII EUC_JP Japanese EUC EUC_CN Chinese EUC EUC_KR Korean EUC EUC_TW Taiwan EUC UNICODE Unicode(UTF-8) MULE_INTERNAL Mule internal LATIN1 ISO 8859-1 English and some European languages LATIN2 ISO 8859-2 English and some European languages LATIN3 ISO 8859-3 English and some European languages LATIN4 ISO 8859-4 English and some European languages LATIN5 ISO 8859-5 English and some European languages KOI8 KOI8-R WIN Windows CP1251 ALT Windows CP866 �Ҧp: % ./configure --enable-multibyte=EUC_JP �p�G�ٲ����w�s�X�t��, ����w�]�ȴN�O SQL_ASCII. 2. �p��]�w�s�X initdb �R�O�w�q PostgresSQL �w�˫᪺�w�]�s�X, �Ҧp: % initdb -E EUC_JP �N�w�]���s�X�]�w�� EUC_JP (Extended Unix Code for Japanese), �p�G�A���w �������r��, �A�]�i�H�� "--encoding" �Ӥ��� "-E". �p�G�S���ϥ� -E �� --encoding ���ﶵ, ����sö�ɪ��]�w�|�����w�]��. �A�i�H�إߨϥΤ��P�s�X����Ʈw: % createdb -E EUC_KR korean �o�өR�O�|�إߤ@�ӥs�� "korean" ����Ʈw, �Ө�ĥ� EUC_KR �s�X. �t�~���@�Ӥ�k, �O�ϥ� SQL �R�O, �]�i�H�F��P�˪��ت�: CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING = 'EUC_KR'; �b pg_database �t�γW��� (system catalog) �����@�� "encoding" �����, �N�O�ΨӬ����@�Ӹ�Ʈw���s�X. �A�i�H�� psql -l �ζi�J psql ��� \l �� �R�O�Ӭd�ݸ�Ʈw�ĥΦ�ؽs�X: $ psql -l List of databases Database | Owner | Encoding ---------------+---------+--------------- euc_cn | t-ishii | EUC_CN euc_jp | t-ishii | EUC_JP euc_kr | t-ishii | EUC_KR euc_tw | t-ishii | EUC_TW mule_internal | t-ishii | MULE_INTERNAL regression | t-ishii | SQL_ASCII template1 | t-ishii | EUC_JP test | t-ishii | EUC_JP unicode | t-ishii | UNICODE (9 rows) 3. �e�ݻP��ݽs�X���۰��ഫ [��: �e�ݪx���Ȥ�ݪ��{��, �i��O psql �R�O��Ķ��, �αĥ� libpq �� C �{��, Perl �{��, �Ϊ̬O�z�L ODBC ���������ε{��. �ӫ�ݴN�O�� PostgreSQL ��Ʈw�����A�{��] PostgreSQL �䴩�Y�ǽs�X�b�e�ݻP��ݶ����۰��ഫ: [��: �o�̩ҿת��۰� �ഫ�O���A�b�e�ݤΫ�ݩҫŧi�ĥΪ��s�X���P, ���u�n PostgreSQL �䴩�o ��ؽs�X�����ഫ, ���|���A�b�s���e���ഫ] encoding of backend available encoding of frontend -------------------------------------------------------------------- EUC_JP EUC_JP, SJIS EUC_TW EUC_TW, BIG5 LATIN2 LATIN2, WIN1250 LATIN5 LATIN5, WIN, ALT MULE_INTERNAL EUC_JP, SJIS, EUC_KR, EUC_CN, EUC_TW, BIG5, LATIN1 to LATIN5, WIN, ALT, WIN1250 �b�Ұʦ۰ʽs�X�ഫ���e, �A�����i�D PostgreSQL �A�n�b�e�ݱĥΦ�ؽs�X. ���n�X�Ӥ�k�i�H�F��o�ӥت�: o �b psql �R�O��Ķ�����ϥ� \encoding �o�өR�O \encoding �o�өR�O�i�H���A���W�����e�ݽs�X, �Ҧp, �A�n�N�e�ݽs�X������ SJIS, ����Х�: \encoding SJIS o �ϥ� libpq [��: PostgreSQL ��Ʈw�� C API �{���w] ���禡 psql �� \encoding �R�O���u�O�h�I�s PQsetClientEncoding() �o�Ө禡�ӹF��ت�. int PQsetClientEncoding(PGconn *conn, const char *encoding) �W���� conn �o�ӰѼƥN���@�ӹ��ݪ��s�u, encoding �o�ӰѼƭn��A�Q�Ϊ��s�X, ���p�����\�a�]�w�F�s�X, �K�|�Ǧ^ 0 ��, ���Ѫ��ܶǦ^ -1. �ܩ�ثe�s�u���s�X�i �Q�ΥH�U�禡�d��: int PQclientEncoding(const PGconn *conn) �o�̭n�`�N���O: �o�Ө禡�Ǧ^���O�s�X���N�� (encoding id, �O�Ӿ�ƭ�), �Ӥ��O�s�X���W�٦r�� (�p "EUC_JP"), �p�G�A�n�ѽs�X�N���o���s�X�W��, �����I�s: char *pg_encoding_to_char(int encoding_id) o �ϥ� PGCLIENTENCODING �o�������ܼ� �p�G�e�ݩ��]�w�F PGCLIENTENCODING �o�@�������ܼ�, �����ݷ|���s�X�۰��ഫ. [��] PostgreSQL 7.0.0 ~ 7.0.3 ���� bug -- ���{�o�������ܼ� o �ϥ� SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO �o�� SQL ���R�O �n�]�w�e�ݪ��s�X�i�H�ΥH�U�o�� SQL �R�O: SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'encoding'; �A�]�i�H�ϥ� SQL92 ���y�k "SET NAMES" �F��P�˪��ت�: SET NAMES 'encoding'; �d�ߥثe���e�ݽs�X�i�H�ΥH�U�o�� SQL �R�O: SHOW CLIENT_ENCODING; ��������ӹw�]���s�X, �ΥH�U�o�� SQL �R�O: RESET CLIENT_ENCODING; [��] �ϥ� psql �R�O��Ķ����, ��ij���n�γo�Ӥ�k, �Х� \encoding 4. ���� Unicode (�Τ@�X) �Τ@�X�M��L�s�X�����ഫ�i��n�b 7.1 ����~�|��{. 5. �p�G�L�k�ഫ�|�o�ͤ����? ���]�A�b��ݿ�ܤF EUC_JP �o�ӽs�X, �e�ݨϥ� LATIN1, (�Y�Ǥ��r���L�k�ഫ�� LATIN1) �b�o�Ӫ��p�U, �Y�Ӧr���Y�����ন LATIN1 �r����, �N�|�Q�ন�H�U������: (�Q���i���) 6. �ѦҸ�� These are good sources to start learning various kind of encoding systems. ftp://ftp.ora.com/pub/examples/nutshell/ujip/doc/cjk.inf Detailed explanations of EUC_JP, EUC_CN, EUC_KR, EUC_TW appear in section 3.2. Unicode: http://www.unicode.org/ The homepage of UNICODE. RFC 2044 UTF-8 is defined here. 5. History May 20, 2000 * SJIS UDC (NEC selection IBM kanji) support contributed by Eiji Tokuya * Changes above will appear in 7.0.1 Mar 22, 2000 * Add new libpq functions PQsetClientEncoding, PQclientEncoding * ./configure --with-mb=EUC_JP now deprecated. use ./configure --enable-multibyte=EUC_JP instead * Add SQL_ASCII regression test case * Add SJIS User Defined Character (UDC) support * All of above will appear in 7.0 July 11, 1999 * Add support for WIN1250 (Windows Czech) as a client encoding (contributed by Pavel Behal) * fix some compiler warnings (contributed by Tomoaki Nishiyama) Mar 23, 1999 * Add support for KOI8(KOI8-R), WIN(CP1251), ALT(CP866) (thanks Oleg Broytmann for testing) * Fix problem with MB and locale Jan 26, 1999 * Add support for Big5 for fronend encoding (you need to create a database with EUC_TW to use Big5) * Add regression test case for EUC_TW (contributed by Jonah Kuo <jonahkuo@mail.ttn.com.tw>) Dec 15, 1998 * Bugs related to SQL_ASCII support fixed Nov 5, 1998 * 6.4 release. In this version, pg_database has "encoding" column that represents the database encoding Jul 22, 1998 * determine encoding at initdb/createdb rather than compile time * support for PGCLIENTENCODING when issuing COPY command * support for SQL92 syntax "SET NAMES" * support for LATIN2-5 * add UNICODE regression test case * new test suite for MB * clean up source files Jun 5, 1998 * add support for the encoding translation between the backend and the frontend * new command SET CLIENT_ENCODING etc. added * add support for LATIN1 character set * enhance 8 bit cleaness April 21, 1998 some enhancements/fixes * character_length(), position(), substring() are now aware of multi-byte characters * add octet_length() * add --with-mb option to configure * new regression tests for EUC_KR (contributed by "Soonmyung. Hong" <hong@lunaris.hanmesoft.co.kr>) * add some test cases to the EUC_JP regression test * fix problem in regress/regress.sh in case of System V * fix toupper(), tolower() to handle 8bit chars Mar 25, 1998 MB PL2 is incorporated into PostgreSQL 6.3.1 Mar 10, 1998 PL2 released * add regression test for EUC_JP, EUC_CN and MULE_INTERNAL * add an English document (this file) * fix problems concerning 8-bit single byte characters Mar 1, 1998 PL1 released Appendix: [Here is a good documentation explaining how to use WIN1250 on Windows/ODBC from Pavel Behal. Please note that Installation step 1) is not necceary in 6.5.1 -- Tatsuo] Version: 0.91 for PgSQL 6.5 Author: Pavel Behal Revised by: Tatsuo Ishii Email: behal@opf.slu.cz Licence: The Same as PostgreSQL Sorry for my Eglish and C code, I'm not native :-) !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! NO WARRANTY !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Instalation: ------------ 1) Change three affected files in source directories (I don't have time to create proper patch diffs, I don't know how) 2) Compile with enabled locale and multibyte set to LATIN2 3) Setup properly your instalation, do not forget to create locale variables in your profile (environment). Ex. (may not be exactly true): LC_ALL=cs_CZ.ISO8859-2 LC_COLLATE=cs_CZ.ISO8859-2 LC_CTYPE=cs_CZ.ISO8859-2 LC_MONETARY=cs_CZ.ISO8859-2 LC_NUMERIC=cs_CZ.ISO8859-2 LC_TIME=cs_CZ.ISO8859-2 4) You have to start the postmaster with locales set! 5) Try it with Czech language, it have to sort 5) Install ODBC driver for PgSQL into your M$ Windows 6) Setup properly your data source. Include this line in your ODBC configuration dialog in field "Connect Settings:" : SET CLIENT_ENCODING = 'WIN1250'; 7) Now try it again, but in Windows with ODBC. Description: ------------ - Depends on proper system locales, tested with RH6.0 and Slackware 3.6, with cs_CZ.iso8859-2 loacle - Never try to set-up server multibyte database encoding to WIN1250, always use LATIN2 instead. There is not WIN1250 locale in Unix - WIN1250 encoding is useable only for M$W ODBC clients. The characters are on thy fly re-coded, to be displayed and stored back properly Important: ---------- - it reorders your sort order depending on your LC_... setting, so don't be confused with regression tests, they don't use locale - "ch" is corectly sorted only in some newer locales (Ex. RH6.0) - you have to insert money as '162,50' (with comma in aphostrophes!) - not tested properly