diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/admin.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/admin.sgml
index dd00a55bdaca6aba61b5ae49be38e68213b54a87..7850f4f85cd776fb689654572f1ef5c25a48bf8e 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/admin.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/admin.sgml
@@ -1,13 +1,16 @@
<!--
-$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/Attic/admin.sgml,v 1.11 1999/05/04 02:16:57 thomas Exp $
+$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/Attic/admin.sgml,v 1.12 1999/05/12 07:32:42 thomas Exp $
Postgres Administrator's Guide.
Derived from postgres.sgml.
- thomas 1998-10-27
$Log: admin.sgml,v $
-Revision 1.11 1999/05/04 02:16:57 thomas
-Include chapter on security.
+Revision 1.12 1999/05/12 07:32:42 thomas
+Include mention of CASE, COALESCE, and IFNULL.
+Add date/time parsing procedure (perhaps should be in appendix).
+Add time zone information (ditto).
+Update keyword list.
Revision 1.10 1999/01/19 16:06:25 thomas
Merge current.sgml into release.sgml so all release notes are in the same
@@ -59,23 +62,23 @@ Bigger updates to the installation instructions (install and config).
<!-- Title information -->
-<Title>PostgreSQL Administrator's Guide</Title>
-<BookInfo>
- <ReleaseInfo>Covering v6.4 for general release</ReleaseInfo>
- <BookBiblio>
- <AuthorGroup>
- <CorpAuthor>The PostgreSQL Development Team</CorpAuthor>
- </AuthorGroup>
+ <Title>PostgreSQL Administrator's Guide</Title>
+ <BookInfo>
+ <ReleaseInfo>Covering v6.4 for general release</ReleaseInfo>
+ <BookBiblio>
+ <AuthorGroup>
+ <CorpAuthor>The PostgreSQL Development Team</CorpAuthor>
+ </AuthorGroup>
<!-- editor in authorgroup is not supported
<AuthorGroup>
-->
- <Editor>
- <FirstName>Thomas</FirstName>
- <SurName>Lockhart</SurName>
- <Affiliation>
- <OrgName>Caltech/JPL</OrgName>
- </Affiliation>
- </Editor>
+ <Editor>
+ <FirstName>Thomas</FirstName>
+ <SurName>Lockhart</SurName>
+ <Affiliation>
+ <OrgName>Caltech/JPL</OrgName>
+ </Affiliation>
+ </Editor>
<!--
</AuthorGroup>
-->
@@ -84,17 +87,17 @@ Bigger updates to the installation instructions (install and config).
<AuthorInitials>TGL</AuthorInitials>
-->
- <Date>(last updated 1998-10-27)</Date>
- </BookBiblio>
+ <Date>(last updated 1999-04-08)</Date>
+ </BookBiblio>
-<LegalNotice>
-<Para>
-<ProductName>PostgreSQL</ProductName> is copyright (C) 1998
-by the Postgres Global Development Group.
-</Para>
-</LegalNotice>
+ <LegalNotice>
+ <Para>
+ <ProductName>PostgreSQL</ProductName> is copyright (C) 1998-9
+ by the Postgres Global Development Group.
+ </Para>
+ </LegalNotice>
-</BookInfo>
+ </BookInfo>
<!--
<TOC> </TOC>
@@ -109,36 +112,36 @@ Your name here...
</Dedication>
-->
-<Preface id="preface">
-<Title>Summary</Title>
-
-<Para>
-<ProductName>Postgres</ProductName>,
- developed originally in the UC Berkeley Computer Science Department,
- pioneered many of the object-relational concepts
- now becoming available in some commercial databases.
-It provides SQL92/SQL3 language support,
- transaction integrity, and type extensibility.
- <ProductName>PostgreSQL</ProductName> is a public-domain, open source descendant
- of this original Berkeley code.
-</Para>
-</Preface>
-
-&intro-ag;
-
-&ports;
-&config;
-&install;
-&installw;
-&runtime;
-&security;
-&options;
-&start-ag;
-&recovery;
-®ress;
-&release;
-
-&biblio;
+ <Preface id="preface">
+ <Title>Summary</Title>
+
+ <Para>
+ <ProductName>Postgres</ProductName>,
+ developed originally in the UC Berkeley Computer Science Department,
+ pioneered many of the object-relational concepts
+ now becoming available in some commercial databases.
+ It provides SQL92/SQL3 language support,
+ transaction integrity, and type extensibility.
+ <ProductName>PostgreSQL</ProductName> is a public-domain, open source descendant
+ of this original Berkeley code.
+ </Para>
+ </Preface>
+
+ &intro-ag;
+
+ &ports;
+ &config;
+ &install;
+ &installw;
+ &runtime;
+ &security;
+ &options;
+ &start-ag;
+ &recovery;
+ ®ress;
+ &release;
+
+ &biblio;
<!--
Don't bother with an index until we get some index entries.
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/biblio.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/biblio.sgml
index 412f613d55b33bfbf80908515b28f4a453d11d8d..2e747ecbb21acb06fa1e825a57b75cfb854a2dd2 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/biblio.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/biblio.sgml
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
<title>Bibliography</title>
<para>
- Selected references and readings for <acronym>SQL</acronym> and <productname>Postgres</productname>.
+ Selected references and readings for <acronym>SQL</acronym>
+ and <productname>Postgres</productname>.
</para>
<bibliodiv>
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/datatype.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/datatype.sgml
index 245fd1d4a08d971ccb69b197439322ff434b05bb..5cf23ee7d73c5583f3feb7a5f2abea4de5c64d6c 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/datatype.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/datatype.sgml
@@ -1,271 +1,271 @@
-<chapter id="datatype">
-<title>Data Types</title>
+ <chapter id="datatype">
+ <title>Data Types</title>
-<abstract>
-<para>
-Describes the built-in data types available in
-<productname>Postgres</productname>.
-</para>
-</abstract>
-
-<para>
-<productname>Postgres</productname> has a rich set of native data
-types available to users.
-Users may add new types to <productname>Postgres</productname> using the
-<command>DEFINE TYPE</command>
-command described elsewhere.
-</para>
-
-<para>
-In the context of data types, the following sections will discuss
-<acronym>SQL</acronym> standards compliance, porting issues, and usage.
-
-Some <productname>Postgres</productname> types correspond directly to
-<acronym>SQL92</acronym>-compatible types. In other
-cases, data types defined by <acronym>SQL92</acronym> syntax are mapped directly
-into native <productname>Postgres</productname> types.
-
-Many of the built-in types have obvious external formats. However, several
-types are either unique to <productname>Postgres</productname>,
-such as open and closed paths, or have
-several possibilities for formats, such as the date and time types.
-</para>
-
-<para>
-<table tocentry="1">
-<title><productname>Postgres</productname> Data Types</title>
-<titleabbrev>Data Types</titleabbrev>
-<tgroup cols="3">
-<thead>
- <row>
- <entry><productname>Postgres</productname> Type</entry>
- <entry><acronym>SQL92</acronym> or <acronym>SQL3</acronym> Type</entry>
- <entry>Description</entry>
- </row>
-</thead>
-<tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>bool</entry>
- <entry>boolean</entry>
- <entry>logical boolean (true/false)</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>box</entry>
- <entry></entry>
- <entry>rectangular box in 2D plane</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>char(n)</entry>
- <entry>character(n)</entry>
- <entry>fixed-length character string</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>cidr</entry>
- <entry></entry>
- <entry>IP version 4 network or host address</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>circle</entry>
- <entry></entry>
- <entry>circle in 2D plane</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>date</entry>
- <entry>date</entry>
- <entry>calendar date without time of day</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>float4/8</entry>
- <entry>float(p)</entry>
- <entry>floating-point number with precision p</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>float8</entry>
- <entry>real, double precision</entry>
- <entry>double-precision floating-point number</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>inet</entry>
- <entry></entry>
- <entry>IP version 4 network or host address</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>int2</entry>
- <entry>smallint</entry>
- <entry>signed two-byte integer</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>int4</entry>
- <entry>int, integer</entry>
- <entry>signed 4-byte integer</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>int4</entry>
- <entry>decimal(p,s)</entry>
- <entry>exact numeric for p <= 9, s = 0</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>int4</entry>
- <entry>numeric(p,s)</entry>
- <entry>exact numeric for p == 9, s = 0</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>int8</entry>
- <entry></entry>
- <entry>signed 8-byte integer</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>line</entry>
- <entry></entry>
- <entry>infinite line in 2D plane</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>lseg</entry>
- <entry></entry>
- <entry>line segment in 2D plane</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>money</entry>
- <entry>decimal(9,2)</entry>
- <entry>US-style currency</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>path</entry>
- <entry></entry>
- <entry>open and closed geometric path in 2D plane</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>point</entry>
- <entry></entry>
- <entry>geometric point in 2D plane</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>polygon</entry>
- <entry></entry>
- <entry>closed geometric path in 2D plane</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>serial</entry>
- <entry></entry>
- <entry>unique id for indexing and cross-reference</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>time</entry>
- <entry>time</entry>
- <entry>time of day</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>timespan</entry>
- <entry>interval</entry>
- <entry>general-use time span</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>timestamp</entry>
- <entry>timestamp with time zone</entry>
- <entry>date/time</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>varchar(n)</entry>
- <entry>character varying(n)</entry>
- <entry>variable-length character string</entry>
- </row>
-</tbody>
-</tgroup>
-</table>
-</para>
-
-<para>
-<note>
-<para>
-The <type>cidr</type> and <type>inet</type> types are designed to handle any IP type
-but only ipv4 is handled in the current implementation.
-Everything here that talks about ipv4 will apply to ipv6 in a future release.</para>
-</note></para>
-
-<para>
-<table tocentry="1">
-<title><productname>Postgres</productname> Function Constants</title>
-<titleabbrev>Constants</titleabbrev>
-<tgroup cols="3">
-<thead>
- <row>
- <entry><productname>Postgres</productname> Function</entry>
- <entry><acronym>SQL92</acronym> Constant</entry>
- <entry>Description</entry>
- </row>
-</thead>
-<tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>getpgusername()</entry>
- <entry>current_user</entry>
- <entry>user name in current session</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>date('now')</entry>
- <entry>current_date</entry>
- <entry>date of current transaction</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>time('now')</entry>
- <entry>current_time</entry>
- <entry>time of current transaction</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>timestamp('now')</entry>
- <entry>current_timestamp</entry>
- <entry>date and time of current transaction</entry>
- </row>
-</tbody>
-</tgroup>
-</table>
-</para>
-
-<para>
-<productname>Postgres</productname> has features at the forefront of
-<acronym>ORDBMS</acronym> development. In addition to
-<acronym>SQL3</acronym> conformance, substantial portions
-of <acronym>SQL92</acronym> are also supported.
-Although we strive for <acronym>SQL92</acronym> compliance,
-there are some aspects of the standard
-which are ill considered and which should not live through subsequent standards.
-<productname>Postgres</productname> will not make great efforts to
-conform to these features; however, these tend to apply in little-used
-or obsure cases, and a typical user is not likely to run into them.</para>
-
-<para>
-Most of the input and output functions corresponding to the
-base types (e.g., integers and floating point numbers) do some
-error-checking.
-Some of the operators and functions (e.g.,
-addition and multiplication) do not perform run-time error-checking in the
-interests of improving execution speed.
-On some systems, for example, the numeric operators for some data types may
-silently underflow or overflow.
-</para>
-
-<para>
-Note that some of the input and output functions are not invertible. That is,
-the result of an output function may lose precision when compared to
-the original input.
-
-<note>
-<para>
-The original <productname>Postgres</productname> v4.2 code received from
-Berkeley rounded all double precision floating point results to six digits for
-output. Starting with v6.1, floating point numbers are allowed to retain
-most of the intrinsic precision of the type (typically 15 digits for doubles,
-6 digits for 4-byte floats).
-Other types with underlying floating point fields (e.g. geometric
-types) carry similar precision.</para>
-</note>
-</para>
+ <abstract>
+ <para>
+ Describes the built-in data types available in
+ <productname>Postgres</productname>.
+ </para>
+ </abstract>
+
+ <para>
+ <productname>Postgres</productname> has a rich set of native data
+ types available to users.
+ Users may add new types to <productname>Postgres</productname> using the
+ <command>DEFINE TYPE</command>
+ command described elsewhere.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>
+ In the context of data types, the following sections will discuss
+ <acronym>SQL</acronym> standards compliance, porting issues, and usage.
+
+ Some <productname>Postgres</productname> types correspond directly to
+ <acronym>SQL92</acronym>-compatible types. In other
+ cases, data types defined by <acronym>SQL92</acronym> syntax are mapped directly
+ into native <productname>Postgres</productname> types.
+
+ Many of the built-in types have obvious external formats. However, several
+ types are either unique to <productname>Postgres</productname>,
+ such as open and closed paths, or have
+ several possibilities for formats, such as the date and time types.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>
+ <table tocentry="1">
+ <title><productname>Postgres</productname> Data Types</title>
+ <titleabbrev>Data Types</titleabbrev>
+ <tgroup cols="3">
+ <thead>
+ <row>
+ <entry><productname>Postgres</productname> Type</entry>
+ <entry><acronym>SQL92</acronym> or <acronym>SQL3</acronym> Type</entry>
+ <entry>Description</entry>
+ </row>
+ </thead>
+ <tbody>
+ <row>
+ <entry>bool</entry>
+ <entry>boolean</entry>
+ <entry>logical boolean (true/false)</entry>
+ </row>
+ <row>
+ <entry>box</entry>
+ <entry></entry>
+ <entry>rectangular box in 2D plane</entry>
+ </row>
+ <row>
+ <entry>char(n)</entry>
+ <entry>character(n)</entry>
+ <entry>fixed-length character string</entry>
+ </row>
+ <row>
+ <entry>cidr</entry>
+ <entry></entry>
+ <entry>IP version 4 network or host address</entry>
+ </row>
+ <row>
+ <entry>circle</entry>
+ <entry></entry>
+ <entry>circle in 2D plane</entry>
+ </row>
+ <row>
+ <entry>date</entry>
+ <entry>date</entry>
+ <entry>calendar date without time of day</entry>
+ </row>
+ <row>
+ <entry>float4/8</entry>
+ <entry>float(p)</entry>
+ <entry>floating-point number with precision p</entry>
+ </row>
+ <row>
+ <entry>float8</entry>
+ <entry>real, double precision</entry>
+ <entry>double-precision floating-point number</entry>
+ </row>
+ <row>
+ <entry>inet</entry>
+ <entry></entry>
+ <entry>IP version 4 network or host address</entry>
+ </row>
+ <row>
+ <entry>int2</entry>
+ <entry>smallint</entry>
+ <entry>signed two-byte integer</entry>
+ </row>
+ <row>
+ <entry>int4</entry>
+ <entry>int, integer</entry>
+ <entry>signed 4-byte integer</entry>
+ </row>
+ <row>
+ <entry>int4</entry>
+ <entry>decimal(p,s)</entry>
+ <entry>exact numeric for p <= 9, s = 0</entry>
+ </row>
+ <row>
+ <entry>int4</entry>
+ <entry>numeric(p,s)</entry>
+ <entry>exact numeric for p == 9, s = 0</entry>
+ </row>
+ <row>
+ <entry>int8</entry>
+ <entry></entry>
+ <entry>signed 8-byte integer</entry>
+ </row>
+ <row>
+ <entry>line</entry>
+ <entry></entry>
+ <entry>infinite line in 2D plane</entry>
+ </row>
+ <row>
+ <entry>lseg</entry>
+ <entry></entry>
+ <entry>line segment in 2D plane</entry>
+ </row>
+ <row>
+ <entry>money</entry>
+ <entry>decimal(9,2)</entry>
+ <entry>US-style currency</entry>
+ </row>
+ <row>
+ <entry>path</entry>
+ <entry></entry>
+ <entry>open and closed geometric path in 2D plane</entry>
+ </row>
+ <row>
+ <entry>point</entry>
+ <entry></entry>
+ <entry>geometric point in 2D plane</entry>
+ </row>
+ <row>
+ <entry>polygon</entry>
+ <entry></entry>
+ <entry>closed geometric path in 2D plane</entry>
+ </row>
+ <row>
+ <entry>serial</entry>
+ <entry></entry>
+ <entry>unique id for indexing and cross-reference</entry>
+ </row>
+ <row>
+ <entry>time</entry>
+ <entry>time</entry>
+ <entry>time of day</entry>
+ </row>
+ <row>
+ <entry>timespan</entry>
+ <entry>interval</entry>
+ <entry>general-use time span</entry>
+ </row>
+ <row>
+ <entry>timestamp</entry>
+ <entry>timestamp with time zone</entry>
+ <entry>date/time</entry>
+ </row>
+ <row>
+ <entry>varchar(n)</entry>
+ <entry>character varying(n)</entry>
+ <entry>variable-length character string</entry>
+ </row>
+ </tbody>
+ </tgroup>
+ </table>
+ </para>
+
+ <para>
+ <note>
+ <para>
+ The <type>cidr</type> and <type>inet</type> types are designed to handle any IP type
+ but only ipv4 is handled in the current implementation.
+ Everything here that talks about ipv4 will apply to ipv6 in a future release.</para>
+ </note></para>
+
+ <para>
+ <table tocentry="1">
+ <title><productname>Postgres</productname> Function Constants</title>
+ <titleabbrev>Constants</titleabbrev>
+ <tgroup cols="3">
+ <thead>
+ <row>
+ <entry><productname>Postgres</productname> Function</entry>
+ <entry><acronym>SQL92</acronym> Constant</entry>
+ <entry>Description</entry>
+ </row>
+ </thead>
+ <tbody>
+ <row>
+ <entry>getpgusername()</entry>
+ <entry>current_user</entry>
+ <entry>user name in current session</entry>
+ </row>
+ <row>
+ <entry>date('now')</entry>
+ <entry>current_date</entry>
+ <entry>date of current transaction</entry>
+ </row>
+ <row>
+ <entry>time('now')</entry>
+ <entry>current_time</entry>
+ <entry>time of current transaction</entry>
+ </row>
+ <row>
+ <entry>timestamp('now')</entry>
+ <entry>current_timestamp</entry>
+ <entry>date and time of current transaction</entry>
+ </row>
+ </tbody>
+ </tgroup>
+ </table>
+ </para>
+
+ <para>
+ <productname>Postgres</productname> has features at the forefront of
+ <acronym>ORDBMS</acronym> development. In addition to
+ <acronym>SQL3</acronym> conformance, substantial portions
+ of <acronym>SQL92</acronym> are also supported.
+ Although we strive for <acronym>SQL92</acronym> compliance,
+ there are some aspects of the standard
+ which are ill considered and which should not live through subsequent standards.
+ <productname>Postgres</productname> will not make great efforts to
+ conform to these features; however, these tend to apply in little-used
+ or obsure cases, and a typical user is not likely to run into them.</para>
+
+ <para>
+ Most of the input and output functions corresponding to the
+ base types (e.g., integers and floating point numbers) do some
+ error-checking.
+ Some of the operators and functions (e.g.,
+ addition and multiplication) do not perform run-time error-checking in the
+ interests of improving execution speed.
+ On some systems, for example, the numeric operators for some data types may
+ silently underflow or overflow.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>
+ Note that some of the input and output functions are not invertible. That is,
+ the result of an output function may lose precision when compared to
+ the original input.
+
+ <note>
+ <para>
+ The original <productname>Postgres</productname> v4.2 code received from
+ Berkeley rounded all double precision floating point results to six digits for
+ output. Starting with v6.1, floating point numbers are allowed to retain
+ most of the intrinsic precision of the type (typically 15 digits for doubles,
+ 6 digits for 4-byte floats).
+ Other types with underlying floating point fields (e.g. geometric
+ types) carry similar precision.</para>
+ </note>
+ </para>
-<sect1>
-<title>Numeric Types</title>
+ <sect1>
+ <title>Numeric Types</title>
-<para>
-Numeric types consist of two- and four-byte integers and four- and eight-byte
-floating point numbers.</para>
+ <para>
+ Numeric types consist of two- and four-byte integers and four- and eight-byte
+ floating point numbers.</para>
<para>
<table tocentry="1">
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/func.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/func.sgml
index f6b640c1b863dc1a04d56d2f5217d58e7778220d..0c27254c2208fc40ea0ada115484c1b22ff572cf 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/func.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/func.sgml
@@ -1,69 +1,117 @@
-<Chapter Id="functions">
-<Title>Functions</Title>
+ <Chapter Id="functions">
+ <Title id="functions-title">Functions</Title>
-<Abstract>
-<Para>
-Describes the built-in functions available in <ProductName>Postgres</ProductName>.
-</Para>
-</Abstract>
+ <Abstract>
+ <Para>
+ Describes the built-in functions available in <ProductName>Postgres</ProductName>.
+ </Para>
+ </Abstract>
-<Para>
-Many data types have functions available for conversion to other related types.
-In addition, there are some type-specific functions. Some functions are also
-available through operators and may be documented as operators only.
-</Para>
+ <Para>
+ Many data types have functions available for conversion to other related types.
+ In addition, there are some type-specific functions. Some functions are also
+ available through operators and may be documented as operators only.
+ </Para>
-<sect1>
-<title id="math-funcs">Mathematical Functions</title>
+ <sect1>
+ <title id="sql-funcs">SQL Functions</title>
-<Para>
-<TABLE TOCENTRY="1">
-<TITLE>Mathematical Functions</TITLE>
-<TGROUP COLS="4">
-<THEAD>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY>Function</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Returns</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Description</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Example</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
-</THEAD>
-<TBODY>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> dexp(float8) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> float8 </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> raise e to the specified exponent </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> dexp(2.0) </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> dpow(float8,float8) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> float8 </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> raise a number to the specified exponent </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> dpow(2.0, 16.0) </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> float(int) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> float8 </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> convert integer to floating point </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> float(2) </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> float4(int) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> float4 </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> convert integer to floating point </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> float4(2) </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> integer(float) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> int </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> convert floating point to integer </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> integer(2.0) </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
-</TBODY>
-</TGROUP>
-</TABLE>
-</Para>
-</sect1>
+ <para>
+ <quote><acronym>SQL</acronym> functions</quote> are constructs
+ defined by the <acronym>SQL92</acronym> standard which have
+ function-like syntax but which can not be implemented as simple
+ functions.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>
+ <TABLE TOCENTRY="1">
+ <TITLE>SQL Functions</TITLE>
+ <TGROUP COLS="4">
+ <THEAD>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY>Function</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Returns</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Description</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Example</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ </THEAD>
+ <TBODY>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> COALESCE(<replaceable class="parameter">list</replaceable>) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> non-NULL </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> return first non-NULL value in list </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> COALESCE(<replaceable class="parameter">c1</replaceable>, <replaceable class="parameter">c2</replaceable> + 5, 0) </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> IFNULL(<replaceable
+ class="parameter">input</replaceable>,<replaceable> class="parameter">non-NULL substitute</replaceable>) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> non-NULL </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> return second argument if first is NULL </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> IFNULL(<replaceable class="parameter">c1</replaceable>, 'N/A')</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> CASE(WHEN <replaceable class="parameter">expr</replaceable> THEN <replaceable class="parameter">expr</replaceable> [...] ELSE <replaceable class="parameter">expr</replaceable> ) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> <replaceable class="parameter">expr</replaceable> </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> return expression for first true clause </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> CASE(WHEN <replaceable class="parameter">c1</replaceable> = 1 THEN 'match' ELSE 'no match') </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ </tbody>
+ </tgroup>
+ </table>
+ </para>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1>
+ <title id="math-funcs">Mathematical Functions</title>
+
+ <Para>
+ <TABLE TOCENTRY="1">
+ <TITLE>Mathematical Functions</TITLE>
+ <TGROUP COLS="4">
+ <THEAD>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY>Function</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Returns</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Description</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Example</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ </THEAD>
+ <TBODY>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> dexp(float8) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> float8 </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> raise e to the specified exponent </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> dexp(2.0) </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> dpow(float8,float8) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> float8 </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> raise a number to the specified exponent </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> dpow(2.0, 16.0) </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> float(int) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> float8 </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> convert integer to floating point </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> float(2) </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> float4(int) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> float4 </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> convert integer to floating point </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> float4(2) </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> integer(float) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> int </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> convert floating point to integer </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> integer(2.0) </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ </TBODY>
+ </TGROUP>
+ </TABLE>
+ </Para>
+ </sect1>
<sect1>
<title>String Functions</title>
@@ -146,573 +194,574 @@ available through operators and may be documented as operators only.
Some are used internally to implement the SQL92 string functions listed above.
</Para>
-<Para>
-<TABLE TOCENTRY="1">
-<TITLE>String Functions</TITLE>
-<TGROUP COLS="4">
-<THEAD>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY>Function</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Returns</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Description</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Example</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
-</THEAD>
-<TBODY>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> char(text) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> char </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> convert text to char type </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> char('text string') </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> char(varchar) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> char </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> convert varchar to char type </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> char(varchar 'varchar string') </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> initcap(text) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> text </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> first letter of each word to upper case </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> initcap('thomas') </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> lpad(text,int,text) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> text </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> left pad string to specified length </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> lpad('hi',4,'??') </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> ltrim(text,text) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> text </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> left trim characters from text </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> ltrim('xxxxtrim','x') </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> textpos(text,text) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> text </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> locate specified substring </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> position('high','ig') </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> rpad(text,int,text) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> text </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> right pad string to specified length </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> rpad('hi',4,'x') </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> rtrim(text,text) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> text </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> right trim characters from text </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> rtrim('trimxxxx','x') </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> substr(text,int[,int]) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> text </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> extract specified substring </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> substr('hi there',3,5) </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> text(char) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> text </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> convert char to text type </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> text('char string') </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> text(varchar) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> text </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> convert varchar to text type </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> text(varchar 'varchar string') </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> translate(text,from,to) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> text </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> convert character in string </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> translate('12345', '1', 'a') </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> varchar(char) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> varchar </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> convert char to varchar type </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> varchar('char string') </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> varchar(text) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> varchar </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> convert text to varchar type </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> varchar('text string') </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
-</TBODY>
-</TGROUP>
-</TABLE>
-</Para>
+ <Para>
+ <TABLE TOCENTRY="1">
+ <TITLE>String Functions</TITLE>
+ <TGROUP COLS="4">
+ <THEAD>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY>Function</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Returns</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Description</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Example</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ </THEAD>
+ <TBODY>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> char(text) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> char </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> convert text to char type </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> char('text string') </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> char(varchar) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> char </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> convert varchar to char type </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> char(varchar 'varchar string') </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> initcap(text) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> text </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> first letter of each word to upper case </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> initcap('thomas') </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> lpad(text,int,text) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> text </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> left pad string to specified length </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> lpad('hi',4,'??') </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> ltrim(text,text) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> text </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> left trim characters from text </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> ltrim('xxxxtrim','x') </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> textpos(text,text) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> text </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> locate specified substring </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> position('high','ig') </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> rpad(text,int,text) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> text </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> right pad string to specified length </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> rpad('hi',4,'x') </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> rtrim(text,text) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> text </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> right trim characters from text </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> rtrim('trimxxxx','x') </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> substr(text,int[,int]) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> text </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> extract specified substring </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> substr('hi there',3,5) </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> text(char) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> text </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> convert char to text type </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> text('char string') </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> text(varchar) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> text </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> convert varchar to text type </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> text(varchar 'varchar string') </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> translate(text,from,to) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> text </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> convert character in string </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> translate('12345', '1', 'a') </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> varchar(char) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> varchar </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> convert char to varchar type </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> varchar('char string') </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> varchar(text) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> varchar </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> convert text to varchar type </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> varchar('text string') </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ </TBODY>
+ </TGROUP>
+ </TABLE>
+ </Para>
-<para>
-Most functions explicitly defined for text will work for char() and varchar() arguments.
-</para>
-</sect1>
+ <para>
+ Most functions explicitly defined for text will work for char() and varchar() arguments.
+ </para>
+ </sect1>
-<sect1>
-<title>Date/Time Functions</title>
+ <sect1>
+ <title>Date/Time Functions</title>
-<para>
-The date/time functions provide a powerful set of tools for manipulating various date/time types.
-</para>
+ <para>
+ The date/time functions provide a powerful set of tools
+ for manipulating various date/time types.
+ </para>
-<Para>
-<TABLE TOCENTRY="1">
-<TITLE>Date/Time Functions</TITLE>
-<TGROUP COLS="4">
-<THEAD>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY>Function</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Returns</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Description</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Example</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
-</THEAD>
-<TBODY>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> abstime(datetime) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> abstime </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> convert to abstime </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> abstime('now'::datetime) </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> age(datetime,datetime) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> timespan </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> span preserving months and years </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> age('now','1957-06-13'::datetime) </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> datetime(abstime) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> datetime </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> convert to datetime </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> datetime('now'::abstime) </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> datetime(date) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> datetime </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> convert to datetime </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> datetime('today'::date) </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> datetime(date,time) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> datetime </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> convert to datetime </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> datetime('1998-02-24'::datetime, '23:07'::time); </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> date_part(text,datetime) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> float8 </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> specified portion of date field </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> date_part('dow','now'::datetime) </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> date_part(text,timespan) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> float8 </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> specified portion of time field </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> date_part('hour','4 hrs 3 mins'::timespan) </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> date_trunc(text,datetime) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> datetime </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> truncate date at specified units </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> date_trunc('month','now'::abstime) </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> isfinite(abstime) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> bool </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> TRUE if this is a finite time </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> isfinite('now'::abstime) </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> isfinite(datetime) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> bool </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> TRUE if this is a finite time </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> isfinite('now'::datetime) </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> isfinite(timespan) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> bool </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> TRUE if this is a finite time </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> isfinite('4 hrs'::timespan) </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> reltime(timespan) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> reltime </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> convert to reltime </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> reltime('4 hrs'::timespan) </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> timespan(reltime) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> timespan </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> convert to timespan </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> timespan('4 hours'::reltime) </ENTRY>
+ <Para>
+ <TABLE TOCENTRY="1">
+ <TITLE>Date/Time Functions</TITLE>
+ <TGROUP COLS="4">
+ <THEAD>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY>Function</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Returns</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Description</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Example</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ </THEAD>
+ <TBODY>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> abstime(datetime) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> abstime </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> convert to abstime </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> abstime('now'::datetime) </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> age(datetime,datetime) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> timespan </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> span preserving months and years </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> age('now','1957-06-13'::datetime) </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> datetime(abstime) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> datetime </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> convert to datetime </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> datetime('now'::abstime) </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> datetime(date) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> datetime </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> convert to datetime </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> datetime('today'::date) </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> datetime(date,time) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> datetime </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> convert to datetime </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> datetime('1998-02-24'::datetime, '23:07'::time); </ENTRY>
</ROW>
-</TBODY>
-</TGROUP>
-</TABLE>
-</Para>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> date_part(text,datetime) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> float8 </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> specified portion of date field </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> date_part('dow','now'::datetime) </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> date_part(text,timespan) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> float8 </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> specified portion of time field </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> date_part('hour','4 hrs 3 mins'::timespan) </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> date_trunc(text,datetime) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> datetime </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> truncate date at specified units </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> date_trunc('month','now'::abstime) </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> isfinite(abstime) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> bool </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> TRUE if this is a finite time </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> isfinite('now'::abstime) </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> isfinite(datetime) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> bool </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> TRUE if this is a finite time </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> isfinite('now'::datetime) </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> isfinite(timespan) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> bool </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> TRUE if this is a finite time </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> isfinite('4 hrs'::timespan) </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> reltime(timespan) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> reltime </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> convert to reltime </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> reltime('4 hrs'::timespan) </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> timespan(reltime) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> timespan </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> convert to timespan </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> timespan('4 hours'::reltime) </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ </TBODY>
+ </TGROUP>
+ </TABLE>
+ </Para>
-<Para>
-For the
-<Function>date_part</Function> and <Function>date_trunc</Function>
-functions, arguments can be
-`year', `month', `day', `hour', `minute', and `second',
-as well as the more specialized quantities
-`decade', `century', `millenium', `millisecond', and `microsecond'.
-<Function>date_part</Function> allows `dow'
-to return day of week and `epoch' to return seconds since 1970 (for <Type>datetime</Type>)
-or 'epoch' to return total elapsed seconds (for <Type>timespan</Type>).
-</Para>
-</sect1>
+ <Para>
+ For the
+ <Function>date_part</Function> and <Function>date_trunc</Function>
+ functions, arguments can be
+ `year', `month', `day', `hour', `minute', and `second',
+ as well as the more specialized quantities
+ `decade', `century', `millenium', `millisecond', and `microsecond'.
+ <Function>date_part</Function> allows `dow'
+ to return day of week and `epoch' to return seconds since 1970 (for <Type>datetime</Type>)
+ or 'epoch' to return total elapsed seconds (for <Type>timespan</Type>).
+ </Para>
+ </sect1>
-<sect1>
-<title>Geometric Functions</title>
+ <sect1>
+ <title>Geometric Functions</title>
-<para>
-The geometric types point, box, lseg, line, path, polygon, and circle have a large set of native
-support functions.
-</para>
+ <para>
+ The geometric types point, box, lseg, line, path, polygon, and
+ circle have a large set of native support functions.
+ </para>
-<Para>
-<TABLE TOCENTRY="1">
-<TITLE>Geometric Functions</TITLE>
-<TGROUP COLS="4">
-<THEAD>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY>Function</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Returns</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Description</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Example</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
-</THEAD>
-<TBODY>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> area(box) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> float8 </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> area of box </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> area('((0,0),(1,1))'::box) </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> area(circle) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> float8 </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> area of circle </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> area('((0,0),2.0)'::circle) </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> box(box,box) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> box </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> boxes to intersection box </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> box('((0,0),(1,1))','((0.5,0.5),(2,2))') </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> center(box) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> point </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> center of object </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> center('((0,0),(1,2))'::box) </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> center(circle) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> point </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> center of object </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> center('((0,0),2.0)'::circle) </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> diameter(circle) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> float8 </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> diameter of circle </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> diameter('((0,0),2.0)'::circle) </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> height(box) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> float8 </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> vertical size of box </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> height('((0,0),(1,1))'::box) </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> isclosed(path) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> bool </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> TRUE if this is a closed path </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> isclosed('((0,0),(1,1),(2,0))'::path) </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> isopen(path) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> bool </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> TRUE if this is an open path </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> isopen('[(0,0),(1,1),(2,0)]'::path) </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> length(lseg) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> float8 </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> length of line segment </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> length('((-1,0),(1,0))'::lseg) </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> length(path) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> float8 </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> length of path </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> length('((0,0),(1,1),(2,0))'::path) </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> pclose(path) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> path </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> convert path to closed variant </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> popen('[(0,0),(1,1),(2,0)]'::path) </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> point(lseg,lseg) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> point </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> convert to point (intersection) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> point('((-1,0),(1,0))'::lseg,'((-2,-2),(2,2))'::lseg) </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> points(path) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> int4 </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> number of points in path </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> points('[(0,0),(1,1),(2,0)]'::path) </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> popen(path) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> path </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> convert path to open variant </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> popen('((0,0),(1,1),(2,0))'::path) </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> radius(circle) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> float8 </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> radius of circle </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> radius('((0,0),2.0)'::circle) </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> width(box) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> float8 </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> horizontal size of box </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> width('((0,0),(1,1))'::box) </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
-</TBODY>
-</TGROUP>
-</TABLE>
-</Para>
+ <Para>
+ <TABLE TOCENTRY="1">
+ <TITLE>Geometric Functions</TITLE>
+ <TGROUP COLS="4">
+ <THEAD>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY>Function</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Returns</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Description</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Example</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ </THEAD>
+ <TBODY>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> area(box) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> float8 </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> area of box </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> area('((0,0),(1,1))'::box) </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> area(circle) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> float8 </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> area of circle </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> area('((0,0),2.0)'::circle) </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> box(box,box) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> box </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> boxes to intersection box </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> box('((0,0),(1,1))','((0.5,0.5),(2,2))') </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> center(box) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> point </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> center of object </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> center('((0,0),(1,2))'::box) </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> center(circle) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> point </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> center of object </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> center('((0,0),2.0)'::circle) </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> diameter(circle) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> float8 </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> diameter of circle </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> diameter('((0,0),2.0)'::circle) </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> height(box) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> float8 </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> vertical size of box </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> height('((0,0),(1,1))'::box) </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> isclosed(path) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> bool </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> TRUE if this is a closed path </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> isclosed('((0,0),(1,1),(2,0))'::path) </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> isopen(path) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> bool </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> TRUE if this is an open path </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> isopen('[(0,0),(1,1),(2,0)]'::path) </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> length(lseg) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> float8 </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> length of line segment </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> length('((-1,0),(1,0))'::lseg) </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> length(path) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> float8 </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> length of path </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> length('((0,0),(1,1),(2,0))'::path) </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> pclose(path) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> path </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> convert path to closed variant </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> popen('[(0,0),(1,1),(2,0)]'::path) </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> point(lseg,lseg) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> point </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> convert to point (intersection) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> point('((-1,0),(1,0))'::lseg,'((-2,-2),(2,2))'::lseg) </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> points(path) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> int4 </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> number of points in path </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> points('[(0,0),(1,1),(2,0)]'::path) </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> popen(path) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> path </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> convert path to open variant </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> popen('((0,0),(1,1),(2,0))'::path) </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> radius(circle) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> float8 </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> radius of circle </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> radius('((0,0),2.0)'::circle) </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> width(box) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> float8 </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> horizontal size of box </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> width('((0,0),(1,1))'::box) </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ </TBODY>
+ </TGROUP>
+ </TABLE>
+ </Para>
-<Para>
-<TABLE TOCENTRY="1">
-<TITLE>Geometric Type Conversion Functions</TITLE>
-<TGROUP COLS="4">
-<THEAD>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY>Function</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Returns</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Description</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Example</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
-</THEAD>
-<TBODY>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> box(circle) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> box </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> convert circle to box </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> box('((0,0),2.0)'::circle) </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> box(point,point) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> box </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> convert points to box </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> box('(0,0)'::point,'(1,1)'::point) </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> box(polygon) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> box </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> convert polygon to box </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> box('((0,0),(1,1),(2,0))'::polygon) </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> circle(box) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> circle </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> convert to circle </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> circle('((0,0),(1,1))'::box) </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> circle(point,float8) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> circle </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> convert to circle </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> circle('(0,0)'::point,2.0) </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> lseg(box) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> lseg </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> convert diagonal to lseg </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> lseg('((-1,0),(1,0))'::box) </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> lseg(point,point) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> lseg </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> convert to lseg </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> lseg('(-1,0)'::point,'(1,0)'::point) </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> path(polygon) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> point </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> convert to path </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> path('((0,0),(1,1),(2,0))'::polygon) </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> point(circle) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> point </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> convert to point (center) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> point('((0,0),2.0)'::circle) </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> point(lseg,lseg) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> point </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> convert to point (intersection) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> point('((-1,0),(1,0))'::lseg,'((-2,-2),(2,2))'::lseg) </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> point(polygon) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> point </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> center of polygon </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> point('((0,0),(1,1),(2,0))'::polygon) </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> polygon(box) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> polygon </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> convert to polygon with 12 points </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> polygon('((0,0),(1,1))'::box) </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> polygon(circle) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> polygon </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> convert to polygon with 12 points </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> polygon('((0,0),2.0)'::circle) </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> polygon(npts,circle) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> polygon </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> convert to polygon with npts points </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> polygon(12,'((0,0),2.0)'::circle) </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> polygon(path) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> polygon </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> convert to polygon </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> polygon('((0,0),(1,1),(2,0))'::path) </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
-</TBODY>
-</TGROUP>
-</TABLE>
-</Para>
+ <Para>
+ <TABLE TOCENTRY="1">
+ <TITLE>Geometric Type Conversion Functions</TITLE>
+ <TGROUP COLS="4">
+ <THEAD>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY>Function</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Returns</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Description</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Example</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ </THEAD>
+ <TBODY>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> box(circle) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> box </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> convert circle to box </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> box('((0,0),2.0)'::circle) </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> box(point,point) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> box </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> convert points to box </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> box('(0,0)'::point,'(1,1)'::point) </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> box(polygon) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> box </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> convert polygon to box </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> box('((0,0),(1,1),(2,0))'::polygon) </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> circle(box) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> circle </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> convert to circle </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> circle('((0,0),(1,1))'::box) </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> circle(point,float8) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> circle </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> convert to circle </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> circle('(0,0)'::point,2.0) </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> lseg(box) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> lseg </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> convert diagonal to lseg </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> lseg('((-1,0),(1,0))'::box) </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> lseg(point,point) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> lseg </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> convert to lseg </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> lseg('(-1,0)'::point,'(1,0)'::point) </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> path(polygon) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> point </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> convert to path </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> path('((0,0),(1,1),(2,0))'::polygon) </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> point(circle) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> point </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> convert to point (center) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> point('((0,0),2.0)'::circle) </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> point(lseg,lseg) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> point </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> convert to point (intersection) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> point('((-1,0),(1,0))'::lseg,'((-2,-2),(2,2))'::lseg) </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> point(polygon) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> point </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> center of polygon </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> point('((0,0),(1,1),(2,0))'::polygon) </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> polygon(box) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> polygon </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> convert to polygon with 12 points </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> polygon('((0,0),(1,1))'::box) </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> polygon(circle) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> polygon </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> convert to polygon with 12 points </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> polygon('((0,0),2.0)'::circle) </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> polygon(npts,circle) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> polygon </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> convert to polygon with npts points </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> polygon(12,'((0,0),2.0)'::circle) </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> polygon(path) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> polygon </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> convert to polygon </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> polygon('((0,0),(1,1),(2,0))'::path) </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ </TBODY>
+ </TGROUP>
+ </TABLE>
+ </Para>
-<Para>
-<TABLE TOCENTRY="1">
-<TITLE>Geometric Upgrade Functions</TITLE>
-<TGROUP COLS="4">
-<THEAD>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY>Function</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Returns</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Description</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Example</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
-</THEAD>
-<TBODY>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> isoldpath(path) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> path </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> test path for pre-v6.1 form </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> isoldpath('(1,3,0,0,1,1,2,0)'::path) </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> revertpoly(polygon) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> polygon </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> convert pre-v6.1 polygon </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> revertpoly('((0,0),(1,1),(2,0))'::polygon) </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> upgradepath(path) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> path </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> convert pre-v6.1 path </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> upgradepath('(1,3,0,0,1,1,2,0)'::path) </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> upgradepoly(polygon) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> polygon </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> convert pre-v6.1 polygon </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> upgradepoly('(0,1,2,0,1,0)'::polygon) </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
-</TBODY>
-</TGROUP>
-</TABLE>
-</Para>
-</sect1>
+ <Para>
+ <TABLE TOCENTRY="1">
+ <TITLE>Geometric Upgrade Functions</TITLE>
+ <TGROUP COLS="4">
+ <THEAD>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY>Function</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Returns</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Description</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Example</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ </THEAD>
+ <TBODY>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> isoldpath(path) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> path </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> test path for pre-v6.1 form </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> isoldpath('(1,3,0,0,1,1,2,0)'::path) </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> revertpoly(polygon) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> polygon </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> convert pre-v6.1 polygon </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> revertpoly('((0,0),(1,1),(2,0))'::polygon) </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> upgradepath(path) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> path </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> convert pre-v6.1 path </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> upgradepath('(1,3,0,0,1,1,2,0)'::path) </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> upgradepoly(polygon) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> polygon </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> convert pre-v6.1 polygon </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> upgradepoly('(0,1,2,0,1,0)'::polygon) </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ </TBODY>
+ </TGROUP>
+ </TABLE>
+ </Para>
+ </sect1>
-<sect1>
-<title id="cidr-funcs">IP V4 Functions</title>
+ <sect1>
+ <title id="cidr-funcs">IP V4 Functions</title>
-<Para>
-<TABLE TOCENTRY="1">
-<TITLE><ProductName>Postgres</ProductName>IP V4 Functions</TITLE>
-<TGROUP COLS="4">
-<THEAD>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY>Function</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Returns</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Description</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Example</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
-</THEAD>
-<TBODY>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> broadcast(cidr) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> text </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> construct broadcast address as text </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> broadcast('192.168.1.5/24') ==> '192.168.1.255' </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> broadcast(inet) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> text </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> construct broadcast address as text </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> broadcast('192.168.1.5/24') ==> '192.168.1.255' </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> host(inet) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> text </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> extract host address as text </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> host('192.168.1.5/24') ==> '192.168.1.5' </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> masklen(cidr) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> int4 </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> calculate netmask length </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> masklen('192.168.1.5/24') ==> 24</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> masklen(inet) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> int4 </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> calculate netmask length </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> masklen('192.168.1.5/24') ==> 24 </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
-<ENTRY> netmask(inet) </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> text </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> construct netmask as text </ENTRY>
-<ENTRY> netmask('192.168.1.5/24') ==> '255.255.255.0' </ENTRY>
- </ROW>
-</TBODY>
-</TGROUP>
-</TABLE>
-</Para>
+ <Para>
+ <TABLE TOCENTRY="1">
+ <TITLE><ProductName>Postgres</ProductName>IP V4 Functions</TITLE>
+ <TGROUP COLS="4">
+ <THEAD>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY>Function</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Returns</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Description</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Example</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ </THEAD>
+ <TBODY>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> broadcast(cidr) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> text </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> construct broadcast address as text </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> broadcast('192.168.1.5/24') ==> '192.168.1.255' </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> broadcast(inet) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> text </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> construct broadcast address as text </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> broadcast('192.168.1.5/24') ==> '192.168.1.255' </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> host(inet) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> text </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> extract host address as text </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> host('192.168.1.5/24') ==> '192.168.1.5' </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> masklen(cidr) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> int4 </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> calculate netmask length </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> masklen('192.168.1.5/24') ==> 24</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> masklen(inet) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> int4 </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> calculate netmask length </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> masklen('192.168.1.5/24') ==> 24 </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> netmask(inet) </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> text </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> construct netmask as text </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY> netmask('192.168.1.5/24') ==> '255.255.255.0' </ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ </TBODY>
+ </TGROUP>
+ </TABLE>
+ </Para>
-</Sect1>
+ </Sect1>
-</chapter>
+ </chapter>
<!-- Keep this comment at the end of the file
Local variables:
mode: sgml
-sgml-omittag:t
+sgml-omittag:nil
sgml-shorttag:t
sgml-minimize-attributes:nil
sgml-always-quote-attributes:t
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/oper.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/oper.sgml
index 99f96df5946799ef50ce23ec6a3e26db1691bf08..a2452db4114ab5734684df5d41e5b55dfe374ba1 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/oper.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/oper.sgml
@@ -1,26 +1,26 @@
-<Chapter Id="operators">
-<Title>Operators</Title>
+ <Chapter Id="operators">
+ <Title id="operators-title">Operators</Title>
-<Abstract>
-<Para>
-Describes the built-in operators available in
-<ProductName>Postgres</ProductName>.
-</Para>
-</Abstract>
+ <Abstract>
+ <Para>
+ Describes the built-in operators available in
+ <ProductName>Postgres</ProductName>.
+ </Para>
+ </Abstract>
-<Para>
-<ProductName>Postgres</ProductName> provides a large number of
-built-in operators on system types.
-These operators are declared in the system catalog
-pg_operator. Every entry in pg_operator includes
-the name of the procedure that implements the operator and the
-class <Acronym>OIDs</Acronym> of the input and output types.
-</Para>
+ <Para>
+ <ProductName>Postgres</ProductName> provides a large number of
+ built-in operators on system types.
+ These operators are declared in the system catalog
+ pg_operator. Every entry in pg_operator includes
+ the name of the procedure that implements the operator and the
+ class <Acronym>OIDs</Acronym> of the input and output types.
+ </Para>
-<Para>
-To view all variations of the <Quote>||</Quote> string concatenation operator,
-try
-<ProgramListing>
+ <Para>
+ To view all variations of the <Quote>||</Quote> string concatenation operator,
+ try
+ <ProgramListing>
SELECT oprleft, oprright, oprresult, oprcode
FROM pg_operator WHERE oprname = '||';
@@ -30,37 +30,37 @@ oprleft|oprright|oprresult|oprcode
1042| 1042| 1042|textcat
1043| 1043| 1043|textcat
(3 rows)
-</ProgramListing>
-</Para>
+ </ProgramListing>
+ </Para>
-<Para>
-Users may invoke operators using the operator name, as in:
+ <Para>
+ Users may invoke operators using the operator name, as in:
-<ProgramListing>
+ <ProgramListing>
select * from emp where salary < 40000;
-</ProgramListing>
+ </ProgramListing>
-Alternatively, users may call the functions that implement the
-operators directly. In this case, the query above would be expressed
-as:
-<ProgramListing>
+ Alternatively, users may call the functions that implement the
+ operators directly. In this case, the query above would be expressed
+ as:
+ <ProgramListing>
select * from emp where int4lt(salary, 40000);
-</ProgramListing>
-</Para>
+ </ProgramListing>
+ </Para>
-<Para>
-<Application>psql</Application>
-has a command (<Command>\dd</Command>) to show these operators.
-</Para>
+ <Para>
+ <Application>psql</Application>
+ has a command (<Command>\dd</Command>) to show these operators.
+ </Para>
-<sect1>
-<title>Lexical Precedence</title>
+ <sect1>
+ <title>Lexical Precedence</title>
-<para>
-Operators have a precedence which is currently hardcoded into the parser.
-Most operators have the same precedence and are left-associative. This may lead
-to non-intuitive behavior; for example the boolean operators "<" and ">"
-have a different precedence that the boolean operators "<=" and ">=".
+ <para>
+ Operators have a precedence which is currently hardcoded into the parser.
+ Most operators have the same precedence and are left-associative. This may lead
+ to non-intuitive behavior; for example the boolean operators "<" and ">"
+ have a different precedence that the boolean operators "<=" and ">=".
<table tocentry="1">
<title>
@@ -322,560 +322,577 @@ logical union
</para>
</sect1>
-<sect1>
-<title>General Operators</title>
+ <sect1>
+ <title>General Operators</title>
-<para>
-The operators listed here are defined for a number of native data types,
-ranging from numeric types to data/time types.
-</para>
-<Para>
-<TABLE TOCENTRY="1">
-<TITLE><ProductName>Postgres</ProductName> Operators</TITLE>
-<TITLEABBREV>Operators</TITLEABBREV>
-<TGROUP COLS="3">
-<THEAD>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY>Operator</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Description</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Usage</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
-</THEAD>
-<TBODY>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> < </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Less than?</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>1 < 2</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> <= </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Less than or equal to?</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>1 <= 2</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> <> </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Not equal?</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>1 <> 2</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> = </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Equal?</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>1 = 1</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> > </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Greater than?</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>2 > 1</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> >= </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Greater than or equal to?</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>2 >= 1</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> || </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Concatenate strings</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>'Postgre' || 'SQL'</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> !!= </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>NOT IN</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>3 !!= i</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> ~~ </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>LIKE</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>'scrappy,marc,hermit' ~~ '%scrappy%'</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> !~~ </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>NOT LIKE</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>'bruce' !~~ '%al%'</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> ~ </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Match (regex), case sensitive</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>'thomas' ~ '.*thomas.*'</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> ~* </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Match (regex), case insensitive</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>'thomas' ~* '.*Thomas.*'</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> !~ </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Does not match (regex), case sensitive</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>'thomas' !~ '.*Thomas.*'</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> !~* </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Does not match (regex), case insensitive</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>'thomas' !~ '.*vadim.*'</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
-</TBODY>
-</TGROUP>
-</TABLE>
-</Para>
-</sect1>
-
-<sect1>
-<title id="math-opers">Numerical Operators</title>
-
-<Para>
-<TABLE TOCENTRY="1">
-<TITLE><ProductName>Postgres</ProductName> Numerical Operators</TITLE>
-<TITLEABBREV>Operators</TITLEABBREV>
-<TGROUP COLS="3">
-<THEAD>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY>Operator</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Description</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Usage</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
-</THEAD>
-<TBODY>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> ! </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Factorial</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>3 !</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> !! </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Factorial (left operator)</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>!! 3</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> % </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Modulo</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>5 % 4</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> % </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Truncate</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>% 4.5</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> * </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Multiplication</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>2 * 3</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> + </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Addition</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>2 + 3</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> - </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Subtraction</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>2 - 3</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> / </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Division</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>4 / 2</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> : </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Natural Exponentiation</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>: 3.0</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> ; </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Natural Logarithm</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>(; 5.0)</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> @ </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Absolute value</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>@ -5.0</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> ^ </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Exponentiation</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>2.0 ^ 3.0</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> |/ </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Square root</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>|/ 25.0</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> ||/ </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Cube root</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>||/ 27.0</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
-</TBODY>
-</TGROUP>
-</TABLE>
-</Para>
-</sect1>
-
-<sect1>
-<title>Geometric Operators</title>
+ <para>
+ The operators listed here are defined for a number of native data types,
+ ranging from numeric types to data/time types.
+ </para>
-<Para>
-<TABLE TOCENTRY="1">
-<TITLE><ProductName>Postgres</ProductName> Geometric Operators</TITLE>
-<TITLEABBREV>Operators</TITLEABBREV>
-<TGROUP COLS="3">
-<THEAD>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY>Operator</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Description</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Usage</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
-</THEAD>
-<TBODY>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> + </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Translation</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>'((0,0),(1,1))'::box + '(2.0,0)'::point</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> - </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Translation</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>'((0,0),(1,1))'::box - '(2.0,0)'::point</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> * </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Scaling/rotation</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>'((0,0),(1,1))'::box * '(2.0,0)'::point</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> / </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Scaling/rotation</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>'((0,0),(2,2))'::box / '(2.0,0)'::point</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> # </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Intersection</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>'((1,-1),(-1,1))' # '((1,1),(-1,-1))'</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> # </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Number of points in polygon</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY># '((1,0),(0,1),(-1,0))'</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> ## </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Point of closest proximity</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>'(0,0)'::point ## '((2,0),(0,2))'::lseg</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> && </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Overlaps?</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>'((0,0),(1,1))'::box && '((0,0),(2,2))'::box</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> &< </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Overlaps to left?</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>'((0,0),(1,1))'::box &< '((0,0),(2,2))'::box</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> &> </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Overlaps to right?</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>'((0,0),(3,3))'::box &> '((0,0),(2,2))'::box</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> <-> </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Distance between</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>'((0,0),1)'::circle <-> '((5,0),1)'::circle</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> << </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Left of?</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>'((0,0),1)'::circle << '((5,0),1)'::circle</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> <^ </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Is below?</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>'((0,0),1)'::circle <^ '((0,5),1)'::circle</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> >> </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Is right of?</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>'((5,0),1)'::circle >> '((0,0),1)'::circle</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> >^ </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Is above?</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>'((0,5),1)'::circle >^ '((0,0),1)'::circle</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> ?# </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Intersects or overlaps</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>'((-1,0),(1,0))'::lseg ?# '((-2,-2),(2,2))'::box;</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> ?- </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Is horizontal?</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>'(1,0)'::point ?- '(0,0)'::point</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> ?-| </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Is perpendicular?</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>'((0,0),(0,1))'::lseg ?-| '((0,0),(1,0))'::lseg</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> @-@ </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Length or circumference</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>@-@ '((0,0),(1,0))'::path</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> ?| </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Is vertical?</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>'(0,1)'::point ?| '(0,0)'::point</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> ?|| </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Is parallel?</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>'((-1,0),(1,0))'::lseg ?|| '((-1,2),(1,2))'::lseg</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> @ </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Contained or on</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>'(1,1)'::point @ '((0,0),2)'::circle</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> @@ </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Center of</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>@@ '((0,0),10)'::circle</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> ~= </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Same as</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>'((0,0),(1,1))'::polygon ~= '((1,1),(0,0))'::polygon</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
-</TBODY>
-</TGROUP>
-</TABLE>
-</Para>
-</sect1>
+ <Para>
+ <TABLE TOCENTRY="1">
+ <TITLE><ProductName>Postgres</ProductName> Operators</TITLE>
+ <TITLEABBREV>Operators</TITLEABBREV>
+ <TGROUP COLS="3">
+ <THEAD>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY>Operator</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Description</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Usage</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ </THEAD>
+ <TBODY>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> < </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Less than?</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>1 < 2</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> <= </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Less than or equal to?</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>1 <= 2</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> <> </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Not equal?</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>1 <> 2</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> = </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Equal?</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>1 = 1</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> > </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Greater than?</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>2 > 1</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> >= </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Greater than or equal to?</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>2 >= 1</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> || </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Concatenate strings</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>'Postgre' || 'SQL'</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> !!= </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>NOT IN</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>3 !!= i</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> ~~ </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>LIKE</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>'scrappy,marc,hermit' ~~ '%scrappy%'</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> !~~ </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>NOT LIKE</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>'bruce' !~~ '%al%'</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> ~ </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Match (regex), case sensitive</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>'thomas' ~ '.*thomas.*'</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> ~* </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Match (regex), case insensitive</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>'thomas' ~* '.*Thomas.*'</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> !~ </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Does not match (regex), case sensitive</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>'thomas' !~ '.*Thomas.*'</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> !~* </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Does not match (regex), case insensitive</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>'thomas' !~ '.*vadim.*'</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ </TBODY>
+ </TGROUP>
+ </TABLE>
+ </Para>
+ </sect1>
-<sect1>
-<title>Time Interval Operators</title>
+ <sect1>
+ <title id="math-opers">Numerical Operators</title>
-<Para>
-The time interval data type <Type>tinterval</Type> is a legacy from the original
-date/time types and is not as well supported as the more modern types. There
-are several operators for this type.
+ <Para>
+ <TABLE TOCENTRY="1">
+ <TITLE><ProductName>Postgres</ProductName> Numerical Operators</TITLE>
+ <TITLEABBREV>Operators</TITLEABBREV>
+ <TGROUP COLS="3">
+ <THEAD>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY>Operator</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Description</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Usage</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ </THEAD>
+ <TBODY>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> ! </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Factorial</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>3 !</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> !! </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Factorial (left operator)</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>!! 3</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> % </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Modulo</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>5 % 4</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> % </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Truncate</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>% 4.5</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> * </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Multiplication</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>2 * 3</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> + </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Addition</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>2 + 3</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> - </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Subtraction</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>2 - 3</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> / </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Division</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>4 / 2</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> : </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Natural Exponentiation</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>: 3.0</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> ; </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Natural Logarithm</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>(; 5.0)</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> @ </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Absolute value</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>@ -5.0</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> ^ </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Exponentiation</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>2.0 ^ 3.0</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> |/ </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Square root</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>|/ 25.0</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> ||/ </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Cube root</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>||/ 27.0</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ </TBODY>
+ </TGROUP>
+ </TABLE>
+ </Para>
+ </sect1>
-<TABLE TOCENTRY="1">
-<TITLE><ProductName>Postgres</ProductName> Time Interval Operators</TITLE>
-<TITLEABBREV>Operators</TITLEABBREV>
-<TGROUP COLS="3">
-<THEAD>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY>Operator</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Description</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Usage</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
-</THEAD>
-<TBODY>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> #< </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Interval less than?</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY></ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> #<= </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Interval less than or equal to?</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY></ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> #<> </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Interval not equal?</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY></ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> #= </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Interval equal?</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY></ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> #> </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Interval greater than?</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY></ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> #>= </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Interval greater than or equal to?</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY></ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> <#> </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Convert to time interval</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY></ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> << </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Interval less than?</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY></ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> | </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Start of interval</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY></ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> ~= </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Same as</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY></ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> <?> </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Time inside interval?</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY></ENTRY>
- </ROW>
-</TBODY>
-</TGROUP>
-</TABLE>
-</Para>
-</sect1>
+ <sect1>
+ <title>Geometric Operators</title>
-<Sect1>
-<title id="cidr-opers">IP V4 CIDR Operators</title>
+ <Para>
+ <TABLE TOCENTRY="1">
+ <TITLE><ProductName>Postgres</ProductName> Geometric Operators</TITLE>
+ <TITLEABBREV>Operators</TITLEABBREV>
+ <TGROUP COLS="3">
+ <THEAD>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY>Operator</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Description</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Usage</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ </THEAD>
+ <TBODY>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> + </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Translation</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>'((0,0),(1,1))'::box + '(2.0,0)'::point</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> - </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Translation</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>'((0,0),(1,1))'::box - '(2.0,0)'::point</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> * </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Scaling/rotation</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>'((0,0),(1,1))'::box * '(2.0,0)'::point</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> / </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Scaling/rotation</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>'((0,0),(2,2))'::box / '(2.0,0)'::point</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> # </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Intersection</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>'((1,-1),(-1,1))' # '((1,1),(-1,-1))'</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> # </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Number of points in polygon</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY># '((1,0),(0,1),(-1,0))'</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> ## </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Point of closest proximity</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>'(0,0)'::point ## '((2,0),(0,2))'::lseg</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> && </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Overlaps?</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>'((0,0),(1,1))'::box && '((0,0),(2,2))'::box</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> &< </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Overlaps to left?</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>'((0,0),(1,1))'::box &< '((0,0),(2,2))'::box</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> &> </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Overlaps to right?</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>'((0,0),(3,3))'::box &> '((0,0),(2,2))'::box</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> <-> </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Distance between</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>'((0,0),1)'::circle <-> '((5,0),1)'::circle</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> << </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Left of?</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>'((0,0),1)'::circle << '((5,0),1)'::circle</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> <^ </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Is below?</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>'((0,0),1)'::circle <^ '((0,5),1)'::circle</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> >> </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Is right of?</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>'((5,0),1)'::circle >> '((0,0),1)'::circle</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> >^ </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Is above?</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>'((0,5),1)'::circle >^ '((0,0),1)'::circle</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> ?# </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Intersects or overlaps</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>'((-1,0),(1,0))'::lseg ?# '((-2,-2),(2,2))'::box;</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> ?- </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Is horizontal?</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>'(1,0)'::point ?- '(0,0)'::point</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> ?-| </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Is perpendicular?</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>'((0,0),(0,1))'::lseg ?-| '((0,0),(1,0))'::lseg</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> @-@ </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Length or circumference</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>@-@ '((0,0),(1,0))'::path</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> ?| </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Is vertical?</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>'(0,1)'::point ?| '(0,0)'::point</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> ?|| </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Is parallel?</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>'((-1,0),(1,0))'::lseg ?|| '((-1,2),(1,2))'::lseg</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> @ </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Contained or on</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>'(1,1)'::point @ '((0,0),2)'::circle</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> @@ </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Center of</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>@@ '((0,0),10)'::circle</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> ~= </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Same as</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>'((0,0),(1,1))'::polygon ~= '((1,1),(0,0))'::polygon</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ </TBODY>
+ </TGROUP>
+ </TABLE>
+ </Para>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1>
+ <title>Time Interval Operators</title>
+
+ <Para>
+ The time interval data type <Type>tinterval</Type> is a legacy from the original
+ date/time types and is not as well supported as the more modern types. There
+ are several operators for this type.
+
+ <TABLE TOCENTRY="1">
+ <TITLE><ProductName>Postgres</ProductName> Time Interval Operators</TITLE>
+ <TITLEABBREV>Operators</TITLEABBREV>
+ <TGROUP COLS="3">
+ <THEAD>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY>Operator</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Description</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Usage</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ </THEAD>
+ <TBODY>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> #< </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Interval less than?</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY></ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> #<= </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Interval less than or equal to?</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY></ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> #<> </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Interval not equal?</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY></ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> #= </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Interval equal?</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY></ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> #> </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Interval greater than?</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY></ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> #>= </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Interval greater than or equal to?</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY></ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> <#> </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Convert to time interval</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY></ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> << </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Interval less than?</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY></ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> | </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Start of interval</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY></ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> ~= </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Same as</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY></ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> <?> </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Time inside interval?</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY></ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ </TBODY>
+ </TGROUP>
+ </TABLE>
+ </Para>
+ </sect1>
-<Para>
-<TABLE TOCENTRY="1">
-<TITLE><ProductName>Postgres</ProductName>IP V4 CIDR Operators</TITLE>
-<TITLEABBREV>Operators</TITLEABBREV>
-<TGROUP COLS="3">
-<THEAD>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY>Operator</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Description</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Usage</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
-</THEAD>
-<TBODY>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> < </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Less than</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>'192.168.1.5'::cidr < '192.168.1.6'::cidr</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> <= </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Less than or equal</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>'192.168.1.5'::cidr <= '192.168.1.5'::cidr</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> = </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Equals</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>'192.168.1.5'::cidr = '192.168.1.5'::cidr</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> >= </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Greater or equal</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>'192.168.1.5'::cidr >= '192.168.1.5'::cidr</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> > </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Greater</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>'192.168.1.5'::cidr > '192.168.1.4'::cidr</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> <> </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Not equal</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>'192.168.1.5'::cidr <> '192.168.1.4'::cidr</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> << </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>is contained within</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>'192.168.1.5'::cidr << '192.168.1/24'::cidr</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> <<= </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>is contained within or equals</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>'192.168.1/24'::cidr <<= '192.168.1/24'::cidr</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> >> </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>contains</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>'192.168.1/24'::cidr >> '192.168.1.5'::cidr</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> >>= </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>contains or equals</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>'192.168.1/24'::cidr >>= '192.168.1/24'::cidr</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
-</TBODY>
-</TGROUP>
-</TABLE>
-</Para>
-</Sect1>
+ <Sect1>
+ <title id="cidr-opers">IP V4 CIDR Operators</title>
-<Sect1>
-<title id="inet-opers">IP V4 INET Operators</title>
+ <Para>
+ <TABLE TOCENTRY="1">
+ <TITLE><ProductName>Postgres</ProductName>IP V4 CIDR Operators</TITLE>
+ <TITLEABBREV>Operators</TITLEABBREV>
+ <TGROUP COLS="3">
+ <THEAD>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY>Operator</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Description</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Usage</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ </THEAD>
+ <TBODY>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> < </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Less than</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>'192.168.1.5'::cidr < '192.168.1.6'::cidr</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> <= </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Less than or equal</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>'192.168.1.5'::cidr <= '192.168.1.5'::cidr</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> = </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Equals</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>'192.168.1.5'::cidr = '192.168.1.5'::cidr</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> >= </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Greater or equal</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>'192.168.1.5'::cidr >= '192.168.1.5'::cidr</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> > </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Greater</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>'192.168.1.5'::cidr > '192.168.1.4'::cidr</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> <> </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Not equal</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>'192.168.1.5'::cidr <> '192.168.1.4'::cidr</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> << </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>is contained within</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>'192.168.1.5'::cidr << '192.168.1/24'::cidr</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> <<= </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>is contained within or equals</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>'192.168.1/24'::cidr <<= '192.168.1/24'::cidr</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> >> </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>contains</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>'192.168.1/24'::cidr >> '192.168.1.5'::cidr</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> >>= </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>contains or equals</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>'192.168.1/24'::cidr >>= '192.168.1/24'::cidr</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ </TBODY>
+ </TGROUP>
+ </TABLE>
+ </Para>
+ </Sect1>
-<Para>
-<TABLE TOCENTRY="1">
-<TITLE><ProductName>Postgres</ProductName>IP V4 INET Operators</TITLE>
-<TITLEABBREV>Operators</TITLEABBREV>
-<TGROUP COLS="3">
-<THEAD>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY>Operator</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Description</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Usage</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
-</THEAD>
-<TBODY>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> < </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Less than</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>'192.168.1.5'::inet < '192.168.1.6'::inet</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> <= </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Less than or equal</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>'192.168.1.5'::inet <= '192.168.1.5'::inet</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> = </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Equals</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>'192.168.1.5'::inet = '192.168.1.5'::inet</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> >= </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Greater or equal</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>'192.168.1.5'::inet >= '192.168.1.5'::inet</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> > </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Greater</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>'192.168.1.5'::inet > '192.168.1.4'::inet</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> <> </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>Not equal</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>'192.168.1.5'::inet <> '192.168.1.4'::inet</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> << </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>is contained within</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>'192.168.1.5'::inet << '192.168.1/24'::inet</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> <<= </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>is contained within or equals</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>'192.168.1/24'::inet <<= '192.168.1/24'::inet</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> >> </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>contains</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>'192.168.1/24'::inet >> '192.168.1.5'::inet</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
- <ROW>
- <ENTRY> >>= </ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>contains or equals</ENTRY>
- <ENTRY>'192.168.1/24'::inet >>= '192.168.1/24'::inet</ENTRY>
- </ROW>
-</TBODY>
-</TGROUP>
-</TABLE>
-</Para>
-</Sect1>
+ <Sect1>
+ <title id="inet-opers">IP V4 INET Operators</title>
+
+ <Para>
+ <TABLE TOCENTRY="1">
+ <TITLE><ProductName>Postgres</ProductName>IP V4 INET Operators</TITLE>
+ <TITLEABBREV>Operators</TITLEABBREV>
+ <TGROUP COLS="3">
+ <THEAD>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY>Operator</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Description</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Usage</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ </THEAD>
+ <TBODY>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> < </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Less than</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>'192.168.1.5'::inet < '192.168.1.6'::inet</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> <= </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Less than or equal</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>'192.168.1.5'::inet <= '192.168.1.5'::inet</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> = </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Equals</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>'192.168.1.5'::inet = '192.168.1.5'::inet</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> >= </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Greater or equal</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>'192.168.1.5'::inet >= '192.168.1.5'::inet</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> > </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Greater</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>'192.168.1.5'::inet > '192.168.1.4'::inet</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> <> </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>Not equal</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>'192.168.1.5'::inet <> '192.168.1.4'::inet</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> << </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>is contained within</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>'192.168.1.5'::inet << '192.168.1/24'::inet</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> <<= </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>is contained within or equals</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>'192.168.1/24'::inet <<= '192.168.1/24'::inet</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> >> </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>contains</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>'192.168.1/24'::inet >> '192.168.1.5'::inet</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ <ROW>
+ <ENTRY> >>= </ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>contains or equals</ENTRY>
+ <ENTRY>'192.168.1/24'::inet >>= '192.168.1/24'::inet</ENTRY>
+ </ROW>
+ </TBODY>
+ </TGROUP>
+ </TABLE>
+ </Para>
+ </Sect1>
-</Chapter>
+ </Chapter>
+<!-- Keep this comment at the end of the file
+Local variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-omittag:nil
+sgml-shorttag:t
+sgml-minimize-attributes:nil
+sgml-always-quote-attributes:t
+sgml-indent-step:1
+sgml-indent-data:t
+sgml-parent-document:nil
+sgml-default-dtd-file:"./reference.ced"
+sgml-exposed-tags:nil
+sgml-local-catalogs:"/usr/lib/sgml/CATALOG"
+sgml-local-ecat-files:nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/syntax.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/syntax.sgml
index 65f46cd24dd004ab180b292033f71360a308117f..72043575f3801f878ece6ceb635c9146eb6c4048 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/syntax.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/syntax.sgml
@@ -1,62 +1,73 @@
-<chapter>
-<title>SQL Syntax</title>
-
-<sect1>
-<title>Key Words</title>
-
-<para>
-<acronym>SQL92</acronym> defines <firstterm>key words</firstterm>
-for the language
-which have specific meaning. Some key words are
-<firstterm>reserved</firstterm>, which indicates that they are
-restricted to appear in only certain contexts. Other key words are
-<firstterm>not restricted</firstterm>, which indicates that in certain
-contexts they
-have a specific meaning but are not otherwise constrained.
-</para>
-
-<para>
-<productname>Postgres</productname> implements an extended subset of the
-<acronym>SQL92</acronym> and <acronym>SQL3</acronym> languages. Some language
-elements are not as restricted in this implementation as is
-called for in the language standards, in part due
-to the extensibility features of <productname>Postgres</productname>.
-</para>
-
-<para>
-Information on <acronym>SQL92</acronym> and <acronym>SQL3</acronym> key words
-is derived from <xref linkend="DATE97" endterm="DATE97">.
-</para>
-
-<sect2>
-<title>Reserved Key Words</title>
-
-<para>
-<acronym>SQL92</acronym> and <acronym>SQL3</acronym> have
-<firstterm>reserved key words</firstterm> which are not allowed
-as identifiers and not allowed in any usage other than as fundamental
-tokens in <acronym>SQL</acronym> statements.
-<productname>Postgres</productname> has additional key words
-which have similar restrictions. In particular, these key words
-are not allowed as column or table names, though in some cases
-they are allowed to be column labels (i.e. in AS clauses).
-</para>
-
-<tip>
-<para>
-Any string can be specified as an identifier if surrounded by
-double quotes (<quote>like this!</quote>). Some care is required since
-such an identifier will be case sensitive
-and will retain embedded whitespace other special characters.</para>
-</tip>
-
-<para>
-The following are <productname>Postgres</productname>
-reserved words which are neither <acronym>SQL92</acronym>
-nor <acronym>SQL3</acronym> reserved words. These are allowed
-to be present as column labels, but not as identifiers:
-
-<programlisting>
+ <chapter>
+ <title>SQL Syntax</title>
+
+ <abstract>
+ <para>
+ <acronym>SQL</acronym> manipulates sets of data. The language is
+ composed of various <firstterm>key words</firstterm>. Arithmetic
+ and procedural expressions are allowed. We will cover these topics
+ in this chapter; subsequent chapters will include details on data
+ types, functions, and operators.
+ </para>
+ </abstract>
+
+ <sect1>
+ <title>Key Words</title>
+
+ <para>
+ <acronym>SQL92</acronym> defines <firstterm>key words</firstterm>
+ for the language
+ which have specific meaning. Some key words are
+ <firstterm>reserved</firstterm>, which indicates that they are
+ restricted to appear in only certain contexts. Other key words are
+ <firstterm>not restricted</firstterm>, which indicates that in certain
+ contexts they
+ have a specific meaning but are not otherwise constrained.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>
+ <productname>Postgres</productname> implements an extended subset of the
+ <acronym>SQL92</acronym> and <acronym>SQL3</acronym> languages. Some language
+ elements are not as restricted in this implementation as is
+ called for in the language standards, in part due
+ to the extensibility features of <productname>Postgres</productname>.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>
+ Information on <acronym>SQL92</acronym> and <acronym>SQL3</acronym> key words
+ is derived from <xref linkend="DATE97" endterm="DATE97">.
+ </para>
+
+ <sect2>
+ <title>Reserved Key Words</title>
+
+ <para>
+ <acronym>SQL92</acronym> and <acronym>SQL3</acronym> have
+ <firstterm>reserved key words</firstterm> which are not allowed
+ as identifiers and not allowed in any usage other than as fundamental
+ tokens in <acronym>SQL</acronym> statements.
+ <productname>Postgres</productname> has additional key words
+ which have similar restrictions. In particular, these key words
+ are not allowed as column or table names, though in some cases
+ they are allowed to be column labels (i.e. in AS clauses).
+ </para>
+
+ <tip>
+ <para>
+ Any string can be specified as an identifier if surrounded by
+ double quotes (<quote>like this!</quote>). Some care is required since
+ such an identifier will be case sensitive
+ and will retain embedded whitespace other special characters.
+ </para>
+ </tip>
+
+ <para>
+ The following are <productname>Postgres</productname>
+ reserved words which are neither <acronym>SQL92</acronym>
+ nor <acronym>SQL3</acronym> reserved words. These are allowed
+ to be present as column labels, but not as identifiers:
+
+ <programlisting>
ABORT ANALYZE
BINARY
CLUSTER CONSTRAINT COPY
@@ -69,32 +80,33 @@ RESET
SETOF SHOW
UNLISTEN UNTIL
VACUUM VERBOSE
-</programlisting>
-</para>
+ </programlisting>
+ </para>
-<para>
-The following are <productname>Postgres</productname>
-reserved words which are also <acronym>SQL92</acronym>
-or <acronym>SQL3</acronym> reserved words, and which
-are allowed to be present as column labels, but not as identifiers:
+ <para>
+ The following are <productname>Postgres</productname>
+ reserved words which are also <acronym>SQL92</acronym>
+ or <acronym>SQL3</acronym> reserved words, and which
+ are allowed to be present as column labels, but not as identifiers:
-<programlisting>
+ <programlisting>
CASE COALESCE CROSS CURRENT
ELSE END
FALSE FOREIGN
-GROUP
+GLOBAL GROUP
+LOCAL
NULLIF
ORDER
POSITION PRECISION
TABLE THEN TRANSACTION TRUE
WHEN
-</programlisting>
+ </programlisting>
-The following are <productname>Postgres</productname>
-reserved words which are also <acronym>SQL92</acronym>
-or <acronym>SQL3</acronym> reserved words:
+ The following are <productname>Postgres</productname>
+ reserved words which are also <acronym>SQL92</acronym>
+ or <acronym>SQL3</acronym> reserved words:
-<programlisting>
+ <programlisting>
ADD ALL ALTER AND ANY AS ASC
BEGIN BETWEEN BOTH BY
CASCADE CAST CHAR CHARACTER CHECK CLOSE
@@ -118,49 +130,49 @@ TO TRAILING TRIM
UNION UNIQUE UPDATE USER USING
VALUES VARCHAR VARYING VIEW
WHERE WITH WORK
-</programlisting>
-</para>
+ </programlisting>
+ </para>
-<para>
-The following are <acronym>SQL92</acronym> reserved key words which
-are not <productname>Postgres</productname> reserved key words, but which
-if used as function names are always translated into the function
-<function>length</function>:
+ <para>
+ The following are <acronym>SQL92</acronym> reserved key words which
+ are not <productname>Postgres</productname> reserved key words, but which
+ if used as function names are always translated into the function
+ <function>length</function>:
-<programlisting>
+ <programlisting>
CHAR_LENGTH CHARACTER_LENGTH
-</programlisting>
-</para>
+ </programlisting>
+ </para>
-<para>
-The following are <acronym>SQL92</acronym> or <acronym>SQL3</acronym>
-reserved key words which
-are not <productname>Postgres</productname> reserved key words, but
-if used as type names are always translated into an alternate, native type:
+ <para>
+ The following are <acronym>SQL92</acronym> or <acronym>SQL3</acronym>
+ reserved key words which
+ are not <productname>Postgres</productname> reserved key words, but
+ if used as type names are always translated into an alternate, native type:
-<programlisting>
+ <programlisting>
BOOLEAN DOUBLE FLOAT INT INTEGER INTERVAL REAL SMALLINT
-</programlisting>
-</para>
-
-<para>
-The following are either <acronym>SQL92</acronym>
-or <acronym>SQL3</acronym> reserved key words
-which are not key words in <productname>Postgres</productname>.
-These have no proscribed usage in <productname>Postgres</productname>
-at the time of writing (v6.4) but may become reserved key words in the
-future:
-
-<note>
-<para>
-Some of these key words represent functions in <acronym>SQL92</acronym>.
-These functions are defined in <productname>Postgres</productname>,
-but the parser does not consider the names to be key words and they are allowed
-in other contexts.
-</para>
-</note>
-
-<programlisting>
+ </programlisting>
+ </para>
+
+ <para>
+ The following are either <acronym>SQL92</acronym>
+ or <acronym>SQL3</acronym> reserved key words
+ which are not key words in <productname>Postgres</productname>.
+ These have no proscribed usage in <productname>Postgres</productname>
+ at the time of writing (v6.5) but may become reserved key words in the
+ future:
+
+ <note>
+ <para>
+ Some of these key words represent functions in <acronym>SQL92</acronym>.
+ These functions are defined in <productname>Postgres</productname>,
+ but the parser does not consider the names to be key words and they are allowed
+ in other contexts.
+ </para>
+ </note>
+
+ <programlisting>
ALLOCATE ARE ASSERTION AT AUTHORIZATION AVG
BIT BIT_LENGTH
CASCADED CATALOG COLLATION CONNECT CONNECTION
@@ -168,7 +180,7 @@ CASCADED CATALOG COLLATION CONNECT CONNECTION
DATE DEALLOCATE DEC DESCRIBE DESCRIPTOR DIAGNOSTICS DISCONNECT DOMAIN
END-EXEC ESCAPE EXCEPT EXCEPTION EXEC EXTERNAL
FIRST FOUND
-GET GLOBAL GO GOTO
+GET GO GOTO
IDENTITY IMMEDIATE INDICATOR INITIALLY INPUT INTERSECT ISOLATION
LAST LEVEL LOWER
MAX MIN MODULE
@@ -181,56 +193,56 @@ TEMPORARY TRANSLATE TRANSLATION
UNKNOWN UPPER USAGE
VALUE
WHENEVER WRITE
-</programlisting>
-</para>
-</sect2>
-
-<sect2>
-<title>Non-reserved Keywords</title>
-
-<para>
-<acronym>SQL92</acronym> and <acronym>SQL3</acronym> have
-<firstterm>non-reserved keywords</firstterm> which have
-a proscribed meaning in the language but which are also allowed
-as identifiers.
-<productname>Postgres</productname> has additional keywords
-which allow similar unrestricted usage.
-In particular, these keywords
-are allowed as column or table names.
-</para>
-
-<para>
-The following are <productname>Postgres</productname>
-non-reserved key words which are neither <acronym>SQL92</acronym>
-nor <acronym>SQL3</acronym> non-reserved key words:
-
-<programlisting>
-AFTER AGGREGATE
+ </programlisting>
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2>
+ <title>Non-reserved Keywords</title>
+
+ <para>
+ <acronym>SQL92</acronym> and <acronym>SQL3</acronym> have
+ <firstterm>non-reserved keywords</firstterm> which have
+ a proscribed meaning in the language but which are also allowed
+ as identifiers.
+ <productname>Postgres</productname> has additional keywords
+ which allow similar unrestricted usage.
+ In particular, these keywords
+ are allowed as column or table names.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>
+ The following are <productname>Postgres</productname>
+ non-reserved key words which are neither <acronym>SQL92</acronym>
+ nor <acronym>SQL3</acronym> non-reserved key words:
+
+ <programlisting>
+ACCESS AFTER AGGREGATE
BACKWARD BEFORE
CACHE CREATEDB CREATEUSER CYCLE
DATABASE DELIMITERS
-EACH ENCODING
+EACH ENCODING EXCLUSIVE
FORWARD FUNCTION
HANDLER
INCREMENT INDEX INHERITS INSENSITIVE INSTEAD ISNULL
LANCOMPILER LOCATION
-MAXVALUE MINVALUE
+MAXVALUE MINVALUE MODE
NOCREATEDB NOCREATEUSER NOTHING NOTNULL
OIDS OPERATOR
PASSWORD PROCEDURAL
RECIPE RENAME RETURNS ROW RULE
-SEQUENCE SERIAL START STATEMENT STDIN STDOUT
+SEQUENCE SERIAL SHARE START STATEMENT STDIN STDOUT
TRUSTED
VALID VERSION
-</programlisting>
-</para>
+ </programlisting>
+ </para>
-<para>
-The following are <productname>Postgres</productname>
-non-reserved key words which are <acronym>SQL92</acronym>
-or <acronym>SQL3</acronym> reserved key words:
+ <para>
+ The following are <productname>Postgres</productname>
+ non-reserved key words which are <acronym>SQL92</acronym>
+ or <acronym>SQL3</acronym> reserved key words:
-<programlisting>
+ <programlisting>
ABSOLUTE ACTION
DAY
HOUR
@@ -246,30 +258,30 @@ SCROLL SECOND
TIME TIMESTAMP TIMEZONE_HOUR TIMEZONE_MINUTE TRIGGER
YEAR
ZONE
-</programlisting>
-</para>
+ </programlisting>
+ </para>
-<para>
-The following are <productname>Postgres</productname>
-non-reserved key words which are also either <acronym>SQL92</acronym>
-or <acronym>SQL3</acronym> non-reserved key words:
+ <para>
+ The following are <productname>Postgres</productname>
+ non-reserved key words which are also either <acronym>SQL92</acronym>
+ or <acronym>SQL3</acronym> non-reserved key words:
-<programlisting>
-TYPE
-</programlisting>
-</para>
+ <programlisting>
+COMMITTED SERIALIZABLE TYPE
+ </programlisting>
+ </para>
-<para>
-The following are either <acronym>SQL92</acronym>
-or <acronym>SQL3</acronym> non-reserved key words which are not
-key words of any kind in <productname>Postgres</productname>:
+ <para>
+ The following are either <acronym>SQL92</acronym>
+ or <acronym>SQL3</acronym> non-reserved key words which are not
+ key words of any kind in <productname>Postgres</productname>:
-<programlisting>
+ <programlisting>
ADA
C CATALOG_NAME CHARACTER_SET_CATALOG CHARACTER_SET_NAME
CHARACTER_SET_SCHEMA CLASS_ORIGIN COBOL COLLATION_CATALOG
COLLATION_NAME COLLATION_SCHEMA COLUMN_NAME
-COMMAND_FUNCTION COMMITTED CONDITION_NUMBER
+COMMAND_FUNCTION CONDITION_NUMBER
CONNECTION_NAME CONSTRAINT_CATALOG CONSTRAINT_NAME
CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA CURSOR_NAME
DATA DATE_TIME_INTERVAL_CODE DATE_TIME_INTERVAL_PRECISION
@@ -281,15 +293,29 @@ NAME NULLABLE NUMBER
PAD PASCAL PLI
REPEATABLE RETURNED_LENGTH RETURNED_OCTET_LENGTH
RETURNED_SQLSTATE ROW_COUNT
-SCALE SCHEMA_NAME SERIALIZABLE SERVER_NAME SPACE
+SCALE SCHEMA_NAME SERVER_NAME SPACE
SUBCLASS_ORIGIN
TABLE_NAME
UNCOMMITTED UNNAMED
-</programlisting>
-</para>
-</sect2>
-</sect1>
-</chapter>
+ </programlisting>
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1>
+ <title>Expressions</title>
+
+ <para>
+ <acronym>SQL92</acronym> allows <firstterm>expressions</firstterm>
+ to transform data in expressions. Expressions may contain operators
+ (see <xref linkend="operators-title" endterm="operators-title">
+ for more details) and functions
+ (<xref linkend="functions-title" endterm="functions-title"> has
+ more information).
+
+ </para>
+ </sect1>
+ </chapter>
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