From 220db7ccd8c88aafea4629f00e8be6f9f073ed00 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>
Date: Tue, 25 Mar 2008 22:42:46 +0000
Subject: [PATCH] Simplify and standardize conversions between TEXT datums and
 ordinary C strings.  This patch introduces four support functions
 cstring_to_text, cstring_to_text_with_len, text_to_cstring, and
 text_to_cstring_buffer, and two macros CStringGetTextDatum and
 TextDatumGetCString.  A number of existing macros that provided variants on
 these themes were removed.

Most of the places that need to make such conversions now require just one
function or macro call, in place of the multiple notational layers that used
to be needed.  There are no longer any direct calls of textout or textin,
and we got most of the places that were using handmade conversions via
memcpy (there may be a few still lurking, though).

This commit doesn't make any serious effort to eliminate transient memory
leaks caused by detoasting toasted text objects before they reach
text_to_cstring.  We changed PG_GETARG_TEXT_P to PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP in a few
places where it was easy, but much more could be done.

Brendan Jurd and Tom Lane
---
 contrib/adminpack/adminpack.c           |   9 +-
 contrib/chkpass/chkpass.c               |  30 ++--
 contrib/dblink/dblink.c                 | 137 ++++++++---------
 contrib/fuzzystrmatch/dmetaphone.c      |  65 ++------
 contrib/fuzzystrmatch/fuzzystrmatch.c   |  52 ++-----
 contrib/fuzzystrmatch/fuzzystrmatch.h   |   4 +-
 contrib/hstore/hstore_op.c              |  55 +++----
 contrib/intarray/_int_bool.c            |  11 +-
 contrib/ltree/ltree_op.c                |  39 ++---
 contrib/pageinspect/heapfuncs.c         |   8 +-
 contrib/pageinspect/rawpage.c           |   4 +-
 contrib/pgcrypto/pgcrypto.c             |  65 ++------
 contrib/spi/autoinc.c                   |   3 +-
 contrib/spi/insert_username.c           |   5 +-
 contrib/spi/timetravel.c                |   2 +-
 contrib/sslinfo/sslinfo.c               |  29 +---
 contrib/tablefunc/tablefunc.c           |  37 +++--
 contrib/tsearch2/tsearch2.c             |  31 ++--
 contrib/uuid-ossp/uuid-ossp.c           |   4 +-
 contrib/xml2/xpath.c                    |  15 +-
 contrib/xml2/xslt_proc.c                |   9 +-
 doc/src/sgml/spi.sgml                   |   5 +-
 src/backend/access/common/reloptions.c  |   6 +-
 src/backend/access/transam/twophase.c   |   4 +-
 src/backend/access/transam/xlog.c       |  46 ++----
 src/backend/catalog/heap.c              |   8 +-
 src/backend/catalog/index.c             |   8 +-
 src/backend/catalog/pg_aggregate.c      |   5 +-
 src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c     |   8 +-
 src/backend/catalog/pg_proc.c           |  18 +--
 src/backend/catalog/pg_type.c           |   8 +-
 src/backend/commands/comment.c          |   6 +-
 src/backend/commands/functioncmds.c     |   8 +-
 src/backend/commands/prepare.c          |   8 +-
 src/backend/commands/proclang.c         |  11 +-
 src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c        |   4 +-
 src/backend/commands/tablespace.c       |   4 +-
 src/backend/commands/tsearchcmds.c      |   8 +-
 src/backend/commands/typecmds.c         |  16 +-
 src/backend/commands/user.c             |  12 +-
 src/backend/executor/execCurrent.c      |   5 +-
 src/backend/executor/execQual.c         |  10 +-
 src/backend/executor/functions.c        |   6 +-
 src/backend/executor/nodeAgg.c          |   4 +-
 src/backend/libpq/be-fsstubs.c          |  21 +--
 src/backend/optimizer/path/indxpath.c   |  11 +-
 src/backend/optimizer/util/clauses.c    |   8 +-
 src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c      |   6 +-
 src/backend/rewrite/rewriteDefine.c     |   6 +-
 src/backend/tsearch/dict.c              |   4 +-
 src/backend/tsearch/to_tsany.c          |   6 +-
 src/backend/utils/adt/acl.c             |  66 ++------
 src/backend/utils/adt/arrayfuncs.c      |  24 ++-
 src/backend/utils/adt/bool.c            |   6 +-
 src/backend/utils/adt/cash.c            |  12 +-
 src/backend/utils/adt/date.c            |  40 ++---
 src/backend/utils/adt/datetime.c        |  11 +-
 src/backend/utils/adt/dbsize.c          |  18 +--
 src/backend/utils/adt/encode.c          |   6 +-
 src/backend/utils/adt/format_type.c     |   7 +-
 src/backend/utils/adt/formatting.c      |  49 ++----
 src/backend/utils/adt/genfile.c         |  18 +--
 src/backend/utils/adt/lockfuncs.c       |  11 +-
 src/backend/utils/adt/nabstime.c        |  10 +-
 src/backend/utils/adt/network.c         |  37 +----
 src/backend/utils/adt/oracle_compat.c   |  39 +----
 src/backend/utils/adt/pgstatfuncs.c     |  11 +-
 src/backend/utils/adt/quote.c           |  24 +--
 src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c       |  33 ++--
 src/backend/utils/adt/selfuncs.c        |  33 ++--
 src/backend/utils/adt/timestamp.c       |  70 ++++-----
 src/backend/utils/adt/tsginidx.c        |  16 +-
 src/backend/utils/adt/tsquery.c         |  14 +-
 src/backend/utils/adt/tsquery_rewrite.c |   4 +-
 src/backend/utils/adt/tsvector_op.c     |   4 +-
 src/backend/utils/adt/varchar.c         |  50 +++---
 src/backend/utils/adt/varlena.c         | 196 +++++++++++++++---------
 src/backend/utils/adt/version.c         |  10 +-
 src/backend/utils/adt/xml.c             |  78 +++++-----
 src/backend/utils/cache/lsyscache.c     |   8 +-
 src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c      |  25 +--
 src/backend/utils/fmgr/fmgr.c           |  11 +-
 src/backend/utils/fmgr/funcapi.c        |  10 +-
 src/backend/utils/init/flatfiles.c      |   9 +-
 src/backend/utils/misc/guc.c            |  28 ++--
 src/backend/utils/mmgr/portalmem.c      |   7 +-
 src/include/tsearch/ts_utils.h          |   8 +-
 src/include/utils/builtins.h            |  10 +-
 src/pl/plperl/plperl.c                  |   7 +-
 src/pl/plpgsql/src/pl_comp.c            |   4 +-
 src/pl/plpgsql/src/pl_exec.c            |  35 ++---
 src/pl/plpython/plpython.c              |   7 +-
 src/pl/tcl/pltcl.c                      |   5 +-
 src/test/regress/regress.c              |  15 +-
 94 files changed, 770 insertions(+), 1210 deletions(-)

diff --git a/contrib/adminpack/adminpack.c b/contrib/adminpack/adminpack.c
index e697b5e2a90..879259ee03d 100644
--- a/contrib/adminpack/adminpack.c
+++ b/contrib/adminpack/adminpack.c
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
  * Author: Andreas Pflug <pgadmin@pse-consulting.de>
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/contrib/adminpack/adminpack.c,v 1.10 2008/01/01 19:45:45 momjian Exp $
+ *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/contrib/adminpack/adminpack.c,v 1.11 2008/03/25 22:42:41 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 #include "miscadmin.h"
 #include "postmaster/syslogger.h"
 #include "storage/fd.h"
+#include "utils/builtins.h"
 #include "utils/datetime.h"
 
 
@@ -68,11 +69,7 @@ typedef struct
 static char *
 convert_and_check_filename(text *arg, bool logAllowed)
 {
-	int			input_len = VARSIZE(arg) - VARHDRSZ;
-	char	   *filename = palloc(input_len + 1);
-
-	memcpy(filename, VARDATA(arg), input_len);
-	filename[input_len] = '\0';
+	char	   *filename = text_to_cstring(arg);
 
 	canonicalize_path(filename);	/* filename can change length here */
 
diff --git a/contrib/chkpass/chkpass.c b/contrib/chkpass/chkpass.c
index 18cac99ca6b..ed6a7566b25 100644
--- a/contrib/chkpass/chkpass.c
+++ b/contrib/chkpass/chkpass.c
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
  * darcy@druid.net
  * http://www.druid.net/darcy/
  *
- * $PostgreSQL: pgsql/contrib/chkpass/chkpass.c,v 1.19 2007/02/27 23:48:05 tgl Exp $
+ * $PostgreSQL: pgsql/contrib/chkpass/chkpass.c,v 1.20 2008/03/25 22:42:41 tgl Exp $
  * best viewed with tabs set to 4
  */
 
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 #endif
 
 #include "fmgr.h"
+#include "utils/builtins.h"
 
 PG_MODULE_MAGIC;
 
@@ -124,15 +125,8 @@ Datum
 chkpass_rout(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
 	chkpass    *password = (chkpass *) PG_GETARG_POINTER(0);
-	text	   *result;
-	int			slen;
 
-	slen = strlen(password->password);
-	result = (text *) palloc(VARHDRSZ + slen);
-	SET_VARSIZE(result, VARHDRSZ + slen);
-	memcpy(VARDATA(result), password->password, slen);
-
-	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(result);
+	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(cstring_to_text(password->password));
 }
 
 
@@ -145,13 +139,10 @@ Datum
 chkpass_eq(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
 	chkpass    *a1 = (chkpass *) PG_GETARG_POINTER(0);
-	text	   *a2 = (text *) PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(1);
-	char		str[10];
-	int			sz;
+	text	   *a2 = PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(1);
+	char		str[9];
 
-	sz = Min(VARSIZE(a2) - VARHDRSZ, 8);
-	memcpy(str, VARDATA(a2), sz);
-	str[sz] = '\0';
+	text_to_cstring_buffer(a2, str, sizeof(str));
 	PG_RETURN_BOOL(strcmp(a1->password, crypt(str, a1->password)) == 0);
 }
 
@@ -160,12 +151,9 @@ Datum
 chkpass_ne(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
 	chkpass    *a1 = (chkpass *) PG_GETARG_POINTER(0);
-	text	   *a2 = (text *) PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(1);
-	char		str[10];
-	int			sz;
+	text	   *a2 = PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(1);
+	char		str[9];
 
-	sz = Min(VARSIZE(a2) - VARHDRSZ, 8);
-	memcpy(str, VARDATA(a2), sz);
-	str[sz] = '\0';
+	text_to_cstring_buffer(a2, str, sizeof(str));
 	PG_RETURN_BOOL(strcmp(a1->password, crypt(str, a1->password)) != 0);
 }
diff --git a/contrib/dblink/dblink.c b/contrib/dblink/dblink.c
index e09d6f16f69..a306a2a5af3 100644
--- a/contrib/dblink/dblink.c
+++ b/contrib/dblink/dblink.c
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
  * Darko Prenosil <Darko.Prenosil@finteh.hr>
  * Shridhar Daithankar <shridhar_daithankar@persistent.co.in>
  *
- * $PostgreSQL: pgsql/contrib/dblink/dblink.c,v 1.69 2008/01/14 02:49:47 tgl Exp $
+ * $PostgreSQL: pgsql/contrib/dblink/dblink.c,v 1.70 2008/03/25 22:42:41 tgl Exp $
  * Copyright (c) 2001-2008, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
  * ALL RIGHTS RESERVED;
  *
@@ -116,8 +116,6 @@ typedef struct remoteConnHashEnt
 #define NUMCONN 16
 
 /* general utility */
-#define GET_TEXT(cstrp) DatumGetTextP(DirectFunctionCall1(textin, CStringGetDatum(cstrp)))
-#define GET_STR(textp) DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout, PointerGetDatum(textp)))
 #define xpfree(var_) \
 	do { \
 		if (var_ != NULL) \
@@ -171,7 +169,7 @@ typedef struct remoteConnHashEnt
 
 #define DBLINK_GET_CONN \
 	do { \
-			char *conname_or_str = GET_STR(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0)); \
+			char *conname_or_str = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0)); \
 			rconn = getConnectionByName(conname_or_str); \
 			if(rconn) \
 			{ \
@@ -197,7 +195,7 @@ typedef struct remoteConnHashEnt
 
 #define DBLINK_GET_NAMED_CONN \
 	do { \
-			char *conname = GET_STR(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0)); \
+			char *conname = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0)); \
 			rconn = getConnectionByName(conname); \
 			if(rconn) \
 				conn = rconn->conn; \
@@ -234,11 +232,11 @@ dblink_connect(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 
 	if (PG_NARGS() == 2)
 	{
-		connstr = GET_STR(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(1));
-		connname = GET_STR(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0));
+		connstr = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(1));
+		connname = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0));
 	}
 	else if (PG_NARGS() == 1)
-		connstr = GET_STR(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0));
+		connstr = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0));
 
 	oldcontext = MemoryContextSwitchTo(TopMemoryContext);
 
@@ -272,7 +270,7 @@ dblink_connect(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	else
 		pconn->conn = conn;
 
-	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(GET_TEXT("OK"));
+	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(cstring_to_text("OK"));
 }
 
 /*
@@ -290,7 +288,7 @@ dblink_disconnect(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 
 	if (PG_NARGS() == 1)
 	{
-		conname = GET_STR(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0));
+		conname = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0));
 		rconn = getConnectionByName(conname);
 		if (rconn)
 			conn = rconn->conn;
@@ -310,7 +308,7 @@ dblink_disconnect(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	else
 		pconn->conn = NULL;
 
-	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(GET_TEXT("OK"));
+	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(cstring_to_text("OK"));
 }
 
 /*
@@ -336,8 +334,8 @@ dblink_open(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	if (PG_NARGS() == 2)
 	{
 		/* text,text */
-		curname = GET_STR(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0));
-		sql = GET_STR(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(1));
+		curname = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0));
+		sql = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(1));
 		rconn = pconn;
 	}
 	else if (PG_NARGS() == 3)
@@ -345,25 +343,25 @@ dblink_open(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 		/* might be text,text,text or text,text,bool */
 		if (get_fn_expr_argtype(fcinfo->flinfo, 2) == BOOLOID)
 		{
-			curname = GET_STR(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0));
-			sql = GET_STR(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(1));
+			curname = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0));
+			sql = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(1));
 			fail = PG_GETARG_BOOL(2);
 			rconn = pconn;
 		}
 		else
 		{
-			conname = GET_STR(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0));
-			curname = GET_STR(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(1));
-			sql = GET_STR(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(2));
+			conname = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0));
+			curname = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(1));
+			sql = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(2));
 			rconn = getConnectionByName(conname);
 		}
 	}
 	else if (PG_NARGS() == 4)
 	{
 		/* text,text,text,bool */
-		conname = GET_STR(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0));
-		curname = GET_STR(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(1));
-		sql = GET_STR(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(2));
+		conname = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0));
+		curname = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(1));
+		sql = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(2));
 		fail = PG_GETARG_BOOL(3);
 		rconn = getConnectionByName(conname);
 	}
@@ -403,12 +401,12 @@ dblink_open(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 		else
 		{
 			DBLINK_RES_ERROR_AS_NOTICE("sql error");
-			PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(GET_TEXT("ERROR"));
+			PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(cstring_to_text("ERROR"));
 		}
 	}
 
 	PQclear(res);
-	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(GET_TEXT("OK"));
+	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(cstring_to_text("OK"));
 }
 
 /*
@@ -433,7 +431,7 @@ dblink_close(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	if (PG_NARGS() == 1)
 	{
 		/* text */
-		curname = GET_STR(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0));
+		curname = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0));
 		rconn = pconn;
 	}
 	else if (PG_NARGS() == 2)
@@ -441,22 +439,22 @@ dblink_close(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 		/* might be text,text or text,bool */
 		if (get_fn_expr_argtype(fcinfo->flinfo, 1) == BOOLOID)
 		{
-			curname = GET_STR(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0));
+			curname = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0));
 			fail = PG_GETARG_BOOL(1);
 			rconn = pconn;
 		}
 		else
 		{
-			conname = GET_STR(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0));
-			curname = GET_STR(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(1));
+			conname = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0));
+			curname = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(1));
 			rconn = getConnectionByName(conname);
 		}
 	}
 	if (PG_NARGS() == 3)
 	{
 		/* text,text,bool */
-		conname = GET_STR(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0));
-		curname = GET_STR(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(1));
+		conname = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0));
+		curname = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(1));
 		fail = PG_GETARG_BOOL(2);
 		rconn = getConnectionByName(conname);
 	}
@@ -477,7 +475,7 @@ dblink_close(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 		else
 		{
 			DBLINK_RES_ERROR_AS_NOTICE("sql error");
-			PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(GET_TEXT("ERROR"));
+			PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(cstring_to_text("ERROR"));
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -500,7 +498,7 @@ dblink_close(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 		}
 	}
 
-	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(GET_TEXT("OK"));
+	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(cstring_to_text("OK"));
 }
 
 /*
@@ -535,8 +533,8 @@ dblink_fetch(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 		if (PG_NARGS() == 4)
 		{
 			/* text,text,int,bool */
-			conname = GET_STR(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0));
-			curname = GET_STR(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(1));
+			conname = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0));
+			curname = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(1));
 			howmany = PG_GETARG_INT32(2);
 			fail = PG_GETARG_BOOL(3);
 
@@ -549,15 +547,15 @@ dblink_fetch(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 			/* text,text,int or text,int,bool */
 			if (get_fn_expr_argtype(fcinfo->flinfo, 2) == BOOLOID)
 			{
-				curname = GET_STR(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0));
+				curname = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0));
 				howmany = PG_GETARG_INT32(1);
 				fail = PG_GETARG_BOOL(2);
 				conn = pconn->conn;
 			}
 			else
 			{
-				conname = GET_STR(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0));
-				curname = GET_STR(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(1));
+				conname = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0));
+				curname = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(1));
 				howmany = PG_GETARG_INT32(2);
 
 				rconn = getConnectionByName(conname);
@@ -568,7 +566,7 @@ dblink_fetch(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 		else if (PG_NARGS() == 2)
 		{
 			/* text,int */
-			curname = GET_STR(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0));
+			curname = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0));
 			howmany = PG_GETARG_INT32(1);
 			conn = pconn->conn;
 		}
@@ -769,7 +767,7 @@ dblink_record_internal(FunctionCallInfo fcinfo, bool is_async, bool do_get)
 			{
 				/* text,text,bool */
 				DBLINK_GET_CONN;
-				sql = GET_STR(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(1));
+				sql = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(1));
 				fail = PG_GETARG_BOOL(2);
 			}
 			else if (PG_NARGS() == 2)
@@ -778,20 +776,20 @@ dblink_record_internal(FunctionCallInfo fcinfo, bool is_async, bool do_get)
 				if (get_fn_expr_argtype(fcinfo->flinfo, 1) == BOOLOID)
 				{
 					conn = pconn->conn;
-					sql = GET_STR(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0));
+					sql = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0));
 					fail = PG_GETARG_BOOL(1);
 				}
 				else
 				{
 					DBLINK_GET_CONN;
-					sql = GET_STR(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(1));
+					sql = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(1));
 				}
 			}
 			else if (PG_NARGS() == 1)
 			{
 				/* text */
 				conn = pconn->conn;
-				sql = GET_STR(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0));
+				sql = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0));
 			}
 			else
 				/* shouldn't happen */
@@ -821,7 +819,7 @@ dblink_record_internal(FunctionCallInfo fcinfo, bool is_async, bool do_get)
 			if (PG_NARGS() == 2)
 			{
 				DBLINK_GET_CONN;
-				sql = GET_STR(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(1));
+				sql = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(1));
 			}
 			else
 				/* shouldn't happen */
@@ -1024,7 +1022,7 @@ dblink_get_connections(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 		{
 			/* stash away current value */
 			astate = accumArrayResult(astate,
-									  PointerGetDatum(GET_TEXT(hentry->name)),
+									  CStringGetTextDatum(hentry->name),
 									  false, TEXTOID, CurrentMemoryContext);
 		}
 	}
@@ -1087,9 +1085,9 @@ dblink_cancel_query(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	PQfreeCancel(cancel);
 
 	if (res == 1)
-		PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(GET_TEXT("OK"));
+		PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(cstring_to_text("OK"));
 	else
-		PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(GET_TEXT(errbuf));
+		PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(cstring_to_text(errbuf));
 }
 
 
@@ -1116,9 +1114,9 @@ dblink_error_message(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 
 	msg = PQerrorMessage(conn);
 	if (msg == NULL || msg[0] == '\0')
-		PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(GET_TEXT("OK"));
+		PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(cstring_to_text("OK"));
 	else
-		PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(GET_TEXT(msg));
+		PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(cstring_to_text(msg));
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1146,7 +1144,7 @@ dblink_exec(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	{
 		/* must be text,text,bool */
 		DBLINK_GET_CONN;
-		sql = GET_STR(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(1));
+		sql = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(1));
 		fail = PG_GETARG_BOOL(2);
 	}
 	else if (PG_NARGS() == 2)
@@ -1155,20 +1153,20 @@ dblink_exec(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 		if (get_fn_expr_argtype(fcinfo->flinfo, 1) == BOOLOID)
 		{
 			conn = pconn->conn;
-			sql = GET_STR(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0));
+			sql = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0));
 			fail = PG_GETARG_BOOL(1);
 		}
 		else
 		{
 			DBLINK_GET_CONN;
-			sql = GET_STR(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(1));
+			sql = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(1));
 		}
 	}
 	else if (PG_NARGS() == 1)
 	{
 		/* must be single text argument */
 		conn = pconn->conn;
-		sql = GET_STR(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0));
+		sql = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0));
 	}
 	else
 		/* shouldn't happen */
@@ -1196,7 +1194,7 @@ dblink_exec(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 		 * and save a copy of the command status string to return as our
 		 * result tuple
 		 */
-		sql_cmd_status = GET_TEXT("ERROR");
+		sql_cmd_status = cstring_to_text("ERROR");
 
 	}
 	else if (PQresultStatus(res) == PGRES_COMMAND_OK)
@@ -1210,7 +1208,7 @@ dblink_exec(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 		 * and save a copy of the command status string to return as our
 		 * result tuple
 		 */
-		sql_cmd_status = GET_TEXT(PQcmdStatus(res));
+		sql_cmd_status = cstring_to_text(PQcmdStatus(res));
 		PQclear(res);
 	}
 	else
@@ -1267,7 +1265,7 @@ dblink_get_pkey(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 			ereport(ERROR,
 					(errcode(ERRCODE_UNDEFINED_TABLE),
 					 errmsg("relation \"%s\" does not exist",
-							GET_STR(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0)))));
+							text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0)))));
 
 		/*
 		 * need a tuple descriptor representing one INT and one TEXT column
@@ -1387,7 +1385,7 @@ dblink_build_sql_insert(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 		ereport(ERROR,
 				(errcode(ERRCODE_UNDEFINED_TABLE),
 				 errmsg("relation \"%s\" does not exist",
-						GET_STR(relname_text))));
+						text_to_cstring(relname_text))));
 
 	/*
 	 * There should be at least one key attribute
@@ -1443,7 +1441,7 @@ dblink_build_sql_insert(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	/*
 	 * And send it
 	 */
-	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(GET_TEXT(sql));
+	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(cstring_to_text(sql));
 }
 
 
@@ -1484,7 +1482,7 @@ dblink_build_sql_delete(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 		ereport(ERROR,
 				(errcode(ERRCODE_UNDEFINED_TABLE),
 				 errmsg("relation \"%s\" does not exist",
-						GET_STR(relname_text))));
+						text_to_cstring(relname_text))));
 
 	/*
 	 * There should be at least one key attribute
@@ -1525,7 +1523,7 @@ dblink_build_sql_delete(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	/*
 	 * And send it
 	 */
-	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(GET_TEXT(sql));
+	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(cstring_to_text(sql));
 }
 
 
@@ -1573,7 +1571,7 @@ dblink_build_sql_update(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 		ereport(ERROR,
 				(errcode(ERRCODE_UNDEFINED_TABLE),
 				 errmsg("relation \"%s\" does not exist",
-						GET_STR(relname_text))));
+						text_to_cstring(relname_text))));
 
 	/*
 	 * There should be one source array key values for each key attnum
@@ -1629,7 +1627,7 @@ dblink_build_sql_update(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	/*
 	 * And send it
 	 */
-	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(GET_TEXT(sql));
+	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(cstring_to_text(sql));
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1643,7 +1641,7 @@ Datum
 dblink_current_query(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
 	if (debug_query_string)
-		PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(GET_TEXT(debug_query_string));
+		PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(cstring_to_text(debug_query_string));
 	else
 		PG_RETURN_NULL();
 }
@@ -1763,8 +1761,7 @@ get_text_array_contents(ArrayType *array, int *numitems)
 		}
 		else
 		{
-			values[i] = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout,
-													  PointerGetDatum(ptr)));
+			values[i] = TextDatumGetCString(PointerGetDatum(ptr));
 			ptr = att_addlength_pointer(ptr, typlen, ptr);
 			ptr = (char *) att_align_nominal(ptr, typalign);
 		}
@@ -2026,9 +2023,10 @@ quote_literal_cstr(char *rawstr)
 	text	   *result_text;
 	char	   *result;
 
-	rawstr_text = DatumGetTextP(DirectFunctionCall1(textin, CStringGetDatum(rawstr)));
-	result_text = DatumGetTextP(DirectFunctionCall1(quote_literal, PointerGetDatum(rawstr_text)));
-	result = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout, PointerGetDatum(result_text)));
+	rawstr_text = cstring_to_text(rawstr);
+	result_text = DatumGetTextP(DirectFunctionCall1(quote_literal,
+													PointerGetDatum(rawstr_text)));
+	result = text_to_cstring(result_text);
 
 	return result;
 }
@@ -2044,9 +2042,10 @@ quote_ident_cstr(char *rawstr)
 	text	   *result_text;
 	char	   *result;
 
-	rawstr_text = DatumGetTextP(DirectFunctionCall1(textin, CStringGetDatum(rawstr)));
-	result_text = DatumGetTextP(DirectFunctionCall1(quote_ident, PointerGetDatum(rawstr_text)));
-	result = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout, PointerGetDatum(result_text)));
+	rawstr_text = cstring_to_text(rawstr);
+	result_text = DatumGetTextP(DirectFunctionCall1(quote_ident,
+													PointerGetDatum(rawstr_text)));
+	result = text_to_cstring(result_text);
 
 	return result;
 }
diff --git a/contrib/fuzzystrmatch/dmetaphone.c b/contrib/fuzzystrmatch/dmetaphone.c
index acd9d0c6292..5bb07640bf6 100644
--- a/contrib/fuzzystrmatch/dmetaphone.c
+++ b/contrib/fuzzystrmatch/dmetaphone.c
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
  * This is a port of the Double Metaphone algorithm for use in PostgreSQL.
  *
- * $PostgreSQL: pgsql/contrib/fuzzystrmatch/dmetaphone.c,v 1.11 2007/02/27 23:48:05 tgl Exp $
+ * $PostgreSQL: pgsql/contrib/fuzzystrmatch/dmetaphone.c,v 1.12 2008/03/25 22:42:41 tgl Exp $
  *
  * Double Metaphone computes 2 "sounds like" strings - a primary and an
  * alternate. In most cases they are the same, but for foreign names
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ The remaining code is authored by Andrew Dunstan <amdunstan@ncshp.org> and
 
 #include "postgres.h"
 
-#include "fmgr.h"
+#include "utils/builtins.h"
 
 /* turn off assertions for embedded function */
 #define NDEBUG
@@ -118,14 +118,12 @@ extern Datum dmetaphone(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS);
 extern Datum dmetaphone_alt(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS);
 
 /* prototype for the main function we got from the perl module */
-static void
-			DoubleMetaphone(char *, char **);
+static void DoubleMetaphone(char *, char **);
 
 #ifndef DMETAPHONE_MAIN
 
 /*
  * The PostgreSQL visible dmetaphone function.
- *
  */
 
 PG_FUNCTION_INFO_V1(dmetaphone);
@@ -133,47 +131,28 @@ PG_FUNCTION_INFO_V1(dmetaphone);
 Datum
 dmetaphone(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
-	text	   *arg,
-			   *result;
-	int			alen,
-				rsize;
+	text	   *arg;
 	char	   *aptr,
 			   *codes[2],
-			   *code,
-			   *rptr;
+			   *code;
 
 #ifdef DMETAPHONE_NOSTRICT
 	if (PG_ARGISNULL(0))
-		PG_RETURNNULL();
+		PG_RETURN_NULL();
 #endif
 	arg = PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0);
-	alen = VARSIZE(arg) - VARHDRSZ;
-
-	/*
-	 * Postgres' string values might not have trailing nuls. The VARSIZE will
-	 * not include the nul in any case so we copy things out and add a
-	 * trailing nul. When we copy back we ignore the nul (and we don't make
-	 * space for it).
-	 */
-
-	aptr = palloc(alen + 1);
-	memcpy(aptr, VARDATA(arg), alen);
-	aptr[alen] = 0;
+	aptr = text_to_cstring(arg);
+
 	DoubleMetaphone(aptr, codes);
 	code = codes[0];
 	if (!code)
 		code = "";
-	rsize = VARHDRSZ + strlen(code);
-	result = (text *) palloc(rsize);
-	rptr = VARDATA(result);
-	memcpy(rptr, code, rsize - VARHDRSZ);
-	SET_VARSIZE(result, rsize);
-	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(result);
+
+	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(cstring_to_text(code));
 }
 
 /*
  * The PostgreSQL visible dmetaphone_alt function.
- *
  */
 
 PG_FUNCTION_INFO_V1(dmetaphone_alt);
@@ -181,34 +160,24 @@ PG_FUNCTION_INFO_V1(dmetaphone_alt);
 Datum
 dmetaphone_alt(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
-	text	   *arg,
-			   *result;
-	int			alen,
-				rsize;
+	text	   *arg;
 	char	   *aptr,
 			   *codes[2],
-			   *code,
-			   *rptr;
+			   *code;
 
 #ifdef DMETAPHONE_NOSTRICT
 	if (PG_ARGISNULL(0))
-		PG_RETURNNULL();
+		PG_RETURN_NULL();
 #endif
 	arg = PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0);
-	alen = VARSIZE(arg) - VARHDRSZ;
-	aptr = palloc(alen + 1);
-	memcpy(aptr, VARDATA(arg), alen);
-	aptr[alen] = 0;
+	aptr = text_to_cstring(arg);
+
 	DoubleMetaphone(aptr, codes);
 	code = codes[1];
 	if (!code)
 		code = "";
-	rsize = VARHDRSZ + strlen(code);
-	result = (text *) palloc(rsize);
-	rptr = VARDATA(result);
-	memcpy(rptr, code, rsize - VARHDRSZ);
-	SET_VARSIZE(result, rsize);
-	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(result);
+
+	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(cstring_to_text(code));
 }
 
 
diff --git a/contrib/fuzzystrmatch/fuzzystrmatch.c b/contrib/fuzzystrmatch/fuzzystrmatch.c
index 9f0898b4274..7a6aae039fe 100644
--- a/contrib/fuzzystrmatch/fuzzystrmatch.c
+++ b/contrib/fuzzystrmatch/fuzzystrmatch.c
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
  *
  * Joe Conway <mail@joeconway.com>
  *
- * $PostgreSQL: pgsql/contrib/fuzzystrmatch/fuzzystrmatch.c,v 1.25 2008/01/01 19:45:45 momjian Exp $
+ * $PostgreSQL: pgsql/contrib/fuzzystrmatch/fuzzystrmatch.c,v 1.26 2008/03/25 22:42:41 tgl Exp $
  * Copyright (c) 2001-2008, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
  * ALL RIGHTS RESERVED;
  *
@@ -56,11 +56,11 @@ PG_FUNCTION_INFO_V1(levenshtein);
 Datum
 levenshtein(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
-	char	   *str_s;
+	char	   *str_s = TextDatumGetCString(PG_GETARG_DATUM(0));
+	char	   *str_t = TextDatumGetCString(PG_GETARG_DATUM(1));
+	int			cols = strlen(str_s) + 1;
+	int			rows = strlen(str_t) + 1;
 	char	   *str_s0;
-	char	   *str_t;
-	int			cols = 0;
-	int			rows = 0;
 	int		   *u_cells;
 	int		   *l_cells;
 	int		   *tmp;
@@ -68,16 +68,10 @@ levenshtein(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	int			j;
 
 	/*
-	 * Fetch the arguments. str_s is referred to as the "source" cols = length
-	 * of source + 1 to allow for the initialization column str_t is referred
-	 * to as the "target", rows = length of target + 1 rows = length of target
-	 * + 1 to allow for the initialization row
+	 * str_s is referred to as the "source", str_t is referred to as the
+	 * "target", cols = length of source + 1 to allow for the initialization
+	 * column, rows = length of target + 1 to allow for the initialization row
 	 */
-	str_s = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout, PointerGetDatum(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0))));
-	str_t = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout, PointerGetDatum(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(1))));
-
-	cols = strlen(str_s) + 1;
-	rows = strlen(str_t) + 1;
 
 	/*
 	 * Restrict the length of the strings being compared to something
@@ -201,25 +195,19 @@ levenshtein(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
  * Returns number of characters requested
  * (suggested value is 4)
  */
-#define GET_TEXT(cstrp) DatumGetTextP(DirectFunctionCall1(textin, CStringGetDatum(cstrp)))
-
 PG_FUNCTION_INFO_V1(metaphone);
 Datum
 metaphone(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
+	char	   *str_i = TextDatumGetCString(PG_GETARG_DATUM(0));
+	size_t		str_i_len = strlen(str_i);
 	int			reqlen;
-	char	   *str_i;
-	size_t		str_i_len;
 	char	   *metaph;
-	text	   *result_text;
 	int			retval;
 
-	str_i = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout, PointerGetDatum(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0))));
-	str_i_len = strlen(str_i);
-
 	/* return an empty string if we receive one */
 	if (!(str_i_len > 0))
-		PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(GET_TEXT(""));
+		PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(cstring_to_text(""));
 
 	if (str_i_len > MAX_METAPHONE_STRLEN)
 		ereport(ERROR,
@@ -247,18 +235,12 @@ metaphone(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 
 	retval = _metaphone(str_i, reqlen, &metaph);
 	if (retval == META_SUCCESS)
-	{
-		result_text = DatumGetTextP(DirectFunctionCall1(textin, CStringGetDatum(metaph)));
-		PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(result_text);
-	}
+		PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(cstring_to_text(metaph));
 	else
 	{
 		/* internal error */
 		elog(ERROR, "metaphone: failure");
-
-		/*
-		 * Keep the compiler quiet
-		 */
+		/* keep the compiler quiet */
 		PG_RETURN_NULL();
 	}
 }
@@ -695,11 +677,11 @@ soundex(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	char		outstr[SOUNDEX_LEN + 1];
 	char	   *arg;
 
-	arg = _textout(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0));
+	arg = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0));
 
 	_soundex(arg, outstr);
 
-	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(_textin(outstr));
+	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(cstring_to_text(outstr));
 }
 
 static void
@@ -761,8 +743,8 @@ difference(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	int			i,
 				result;
 
-	_soundex(_textout(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0)), sndx1);
-	_soundex(_textout(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(1)), sndx2);
+	_soundex(text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0)), sndx1);
+	_soundex(text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(1)), sndx2);
 
 	result = 0;
 	for (i = 0; i < SOUNDEX_LEN; i++)
diff --git a/contrib/fuzzystrmatch/fuzzystrmatch.h b/contrib/fuzzystrmatch/fuzzystrmatch.h
index 73a88207ee5..22670ba9483 100644
--- a/contrib/fuzzystrmatch/fuzzystrmatch.h
+++ b/contrib/fuzzystrmatch/fuzzystrmatch.h
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
  *
  * Joe Conway <mail@joeconway.com>
  *
- * $PostgreSQL: pgsql/contrib/fuzzystrmatch/fuzzystrmatch.h,v 1.16 2008/01/01 19:45:45 momjian Exp $
+ * $PostgreSQL: pgsql/contrib/fuzzystrmatch/fuzzystrmatch.h,v 1.17 2008/03/25 22:42:41 tgl Exp $
  * Copyright (c) 2001-2008, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
  * ALL RIGHTS RESERVED;
  *
@@ -69,8 +69,6 @@ extern Datum difference(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS);
 static void _soundex(const char *instr, char *outstr);
 
 #define SOUNDEX_LEN 4
-#define _textin(str) DirectFunctionCall1(textin, CStringGetDatum(str))
-#define _textout(str) DatumGetPointer(DirectFunctionCall1(textout, PointerGetDatum(str)))
 
 /*									ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ */
 static const char *soundex_table = "01230120022455012623010202";
diff --git a/contrib/hstore/hstore_op.c b/contrib/hstore/hstore_op.c
index bcac30ee6fd..961abfe35c9 100644
--- a/contrib/hstore/hstore_op.c
+++ b/contrib/hstore/hstore_op.c
@@ -52,13 +52,12 @@ fetchval(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 		PG_RETURN_NULL();
 	}
 
-	out = palloc(VARHDRSZ + entry->vallen);
-	memcpy(VARDATA(out), STRPTR(hs) + entry->pos + entry->keylen, entry->vallen);
-	SET_VARSIZE(out, VARHDRSZ + entry->vallen);
+	out = cstring_to_text_with_len(STRPTR(hs) + entry->pos + entry->keylen,
+								   entry->vallen);
 
 	PG_FREE_IF_COPY(hs, 0);
 	PG_FREE_IF_COPY(key, 1);
-	PG_RETURN_POINTER(out);
+	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(out);
 }
 
 PG_FUNCTION_INFO_V1(exists);
@@ -330,22 +329,19 @@ akeys(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	d = (Datum *) palloc(sizeof(Datum) * (hs->size + 1));
 	while (ptr - ARRPTR(hs) < hs->size)
 	{
-		text	   *item = (text *) palloc(VARHDRSZ + ptr->keylen);
+		text	   *item;
 
-		SET_VARSIZE(item, VARHDRSZ + ptr->keylen);
-		memcpy(VARDATA(item), base + ptr->pos, ptr->keylen);
+		item = cstring_to_text_with_len(base + ptr->pos, ptr->keylen);
 		d[ptr - ARRPTR(hs)] = PointerGetDatum(item);
 		ptr++;
 	}
 
-	a = construct_array(
-						d,
+	a = construct_array(d,
 						hs->size,
 						TEXTOID,
 						-1,
 						false,
-						'i'
-		);
+						'i');
 
 	ptr = ARRPTR(hs);
 	while (ptr - ARRPTR(hs) < hs->size)
@@ -374,23 +370,20 @@ avals(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	d = (Datum *) palloc(sizeof(Datum) * (hs->size + 1));
 	while (ptr - ARRPTR(hs) < hs->size)
 	{
-		int			vallen = (ptr->valisnull) ? 0 : ptr->vallen;
-		text	   *item = (text *) palloc(VARHDRSZ + vallen);
+		text	   *item;
 
-		SET_VARSIZE(item, VARHDRSZ + vallen);
-		memcpy(VARDATA(item), base + ptr->pos + ptr->keylen, vallen);
+		item = cstring_to_text_with_len(base + ptr->pos + ptr->keylen,
+										(ptr->valisnull) ? 0 : ptr->vallen);
 		d[ptr - ARRPTR(hs)] = PointerGetDatum(item);
 		ptr++;
 	}
 
-	a = construct_array(
-						d,
+	a = construct_array(d,
 						hs->size,
 						TEXTOID,
 						-1,
 						false,
-						'i'
-		);
+						'i');
 
 	ptr = ARRPTR(hs);
 	while (ptr - ARRPTR(hs) < hs->size)
@@ -451,10 +444,10 @@ skeys(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	if (st->i < st->hs->size)
 	{
 		HEntry	   *ptr = &(ARRPTR(st->hs)[st->i]);
-		text	   *item = (text *) palloc(VARHDRSZ + ptr->keylen);
+		text	   *item;
 
-		SET_VARSIZE(item, VARHDRSZ + ptr->keylen);
-		memcpy(VARDATA(item), STRPTR(st->hs) + ptr->pos, ptr->keylen);
+		item = cstring_to_text_with_len(STRPTR(st->hs) + ptr->pos,
+										ptr->keylen);
 		st->i++;
 
 		SRF_RETURN_NEXT(funcctx, PointerGetDatum(item));
@@ -502,11 +495,10 @@ svals(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 		}
 		else
 		{
-			int			vallen = ptr->vallen;
-			text	   *item = (text *) palloc(VARHDRSZ + vallen);
+			text	   *item;
 
-			SET_VARSIZE(item, VARHDRSZ + vallen);
-			memcpy(VARDATA(item), STRPTR(st->hs) + ptr->pos + ptr->keylen, vallen);
+			item = cstring_to_text_with_len(STRPTR(st->hs) + ptr->pos + ptr->keylen,
+											ptr->vallen);
 			st->i++;
 
 			SRF_RETURN_NEXT(funcctx, PointerGetDatum(item));
@@ -617,9 +609,7 @@ each(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 		text	   *item;
 		HeapTuple	tuple;
 
-		item = (text *) palloc(VARHDRSZ + ptr->keylen);
-		SET_VARSIZE(item, VARHDRSZ + ptr->keylen);
-		memcpy(VARDATA(item), STRPTR(st->hs) + ptr->pos, ptr->keylen);
+		item = cstring_to_text_with_len(STRPTR(st->hs) + ptr->pos, ptr->keylen);
 		dvalues[0] = PointerGetDatum(item);
 
 		if (ptr->valisnull)
@@ -629,11 +619,8 @@ each(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 		}
 		else
 		{
-			int			vallen = ptr->vallen;
-
-			item = (text *) palloc(VARHDRSZ + vallen);
-			SET_VARSIZE(item, VARHDRSZ + vallen);
-			memcpy(VARDATA(item), STRPTR(st->hs) + ptr->pos + ptr->keylen, vallen);
+			item = cstring_to_text_with_len(STRPTR(st->hs) + ptr->pos + ptr->keylen,
+											ptr->vallen);
 			dvalues[1] = PointerGetDatum(item);
 		}
 		st->i++;
diff --git a/contrib/intarray/_int_bool.c b/contrib/intarray/_int_bool.c
index 2344d0b50be..ef9430901dc 100644
--- a/contrib/intarray/_int_bool.c
+++ b/contrib/intarray/_int_bool.c
@@ -765,9 +765,7 @@ querytree(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 
 	if (len == 0)
 	{
-		res = (text *) palloc(1 + VARHDRSZ);
-		SET_VARSIZE(res, 1 + VARHDRSZ);
-		*((char *) VARDATA(res)) = 'T';
+		res = cstring_to_text("T");
 	}
 	else
 	{
@@ -776,12 +774,9 @@ querytree(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 		nrm.cur = nrm.buf = (char *) palloc(sizeof(char) * nrm.buflen);
 		*(nrm.cur) = '\0';
 		infix(&nrm, true);
-
-		res = (text *) palloc(nrm.cur - nrm.buf + VARHDRSZ);
-		SET_VARSIZE(res, nrm.cur - nrm.buf + VARHDRSZ);
-		memcpy(VARDATA(res), nrm.buf, nrm.cur - nrm.buf);
+		res = cstring_to_text_with_len(nrm.buf, nrm.cur - nrm.buf);
 	}
 	pfree(q);
 
-	PG_RETURN_POINTER(res);
+	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(res);
 }
diff --git a/contrib/ltree/ltree_op.c b/contrib/ltree/ltree_op.c
index 3eb854fbdc9..5a789865d8f 100644
--- a/contrib/ltree/ltree_op.c
+++ b/contrib/ltree/ltree_op.c
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
  * op function for ltree
  * Teodor Sigaev <teodor@stack.net>
- * $PostgreSQL: pgsql/contrib/ltree/ltree_op.c,v 1.17 2008/03/09 00:32:09 tgl Exp $
+ * $PostgreSQL: pgsql/contrib/ltree/ltree_op.c,v 1.18 2008/03/25 22:42:41 tgl Exp $
  */
 
 #include "ltree.h"
@@ -314,19 +314,15 @@ Datum
 ltree_addtext(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
 	ltree	   *a = PG_GETARG_LTREE(0);
-	text	   *b = PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(1);
+	text	   *b = PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(1);
 	char	   *s;
 	ltree	   *r,
 			   *tmp;
 
-	s = (char *) palloc(VARSIZE(b) - VARHDRSZ + 1);
-	memcpy(s, VARDATA(b), VARSIZE(b) - VARHDRSZ);
-	s[VARSIZE(b) - VARHDRSZ] = '\0';
+	s = text_to_cstring(b);
 
-	tmp = (ltree *) DatumGetPointer(DirectFunctionCall1(
-														ltree_in,
-														PointerGetDatum(s)
-														));
+	tmp = (ltree *) DatumGetPointer(DirectFunctionCall1(ltree_in,
+														PointerGetDatum(s)));
 
 	pfree(s);
 
@@ -403,19 +399,15 @@ Datum
 ltree_textadd(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
 	ltree	   *a = PG_GETARG_LTREE(1);
-	text	   *b = PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0);
+	text	   *b = PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0);
 	char	   *s;
 	ltree	   *r,
 			   *tmp;
 
-	s = (char *) palloc(VARSIZE(b) - VARHDRSZ + 1);
-	memcpy(s, VARDATA(b), VARSIZE(b) - VARHDRSZ);
-	s[VARSIZE(b) - VARHDRSZ] = '\0';
+	s = text_to_cstring(b);
 
-	tmp = (ltree *) DatumGetPointer(DirectFunctionCall1(
-														ltree_in,
-														PointerGetDatum(s)
-														));
+	tmp = (ltree *) DatumGetPointer(DirectFunctionCall1(ltree_in,
+														PointerGetDatum(s)));
 
 	pfree(s);
 
@@ -517,17 +509,14 @@ lca(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 Datum
 text2ltree(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
-	text	   *in = PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0);
-	char	   *s = (char *) palloc(VARSIZE(in) - VARHDRSZ + 1);
+	text	   *in = PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0);
+	char	   *s;
 	ltree	   *out;
 
-	memcpy(s, VARDATA(in), VARSIZE(in) - VARHDRSZ);
-	s[VARSIZE(in) - VARHDRSZ] = '\0';
+	s = text_to_cstring(in);
 
-	out = (ltree *) DatumGetPointer(DirectFunctionCall1(
-														ltree_in,
-														PointerGetDatum(s)
-														));
+	out = (ltree *) DatumGetPointer(DirectFunctionCall1(ltree_in,
+														PointerGetDatum(s)));
 	pfree(s);
 	PG_FREE_IF_COPY(in, 0);
 	PG_RETURN_POINTER(out);
diff --git a/contrib/pageinspect/heapfuncs.c b/contrib/pageinspect/heapfuncs.c
index 3b82389729b..704161c716d 100644
--- a/contrib/pageinspect/heapfuncs.c
+++ b/contrib/pageinspect/heapfuncs.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
  * Copyright (c) 2007-2008, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/contrib/pageinspect/heapfuncs.c,v 1.4 2008/01/01 20:31:21 tgl Exp $
+ *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/contrib/pageinspect/heapfuncs.c,v 1.5 2008/03/25 22:42:41 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -36,8 +36,6 @@
 
 Datum		heap_page_items(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS);
 
-#define GET_TEXT(str_) \
-		DirectFunctionCall1(textin, CStringGetDatum(str_))
 
 /*
  * bits_to_text
@@ -190,8 +188,8 @@ heap_page_items(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 					bits_len = tuphdr->t_hoff -
 						(((char *) tuphdr->t_bits) -((char *) tuphdr));
 
-					values[11] = GET_TEXT(
-								 bits_to_text(tuphdr->t_bits, bits_len * 8));
+					values[11] = CStringGetTextDatum(
+						bits_to_text(tuphdr->t_bits, bits_len * 8));
 				}
 				else
 					nulls[11] = true;
diff --git a/contrib/pageinspect/rawpage.c b/contrib/pageinspect/rawpage.c
index 230d27133b8..319886d6e6d 100644
--- a/contrib/pageinspect/rawpage.c
+++ b/contrib/pageinspect/rawpage.c
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
  * Copyright (c) 2007-2008, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/contrib/pageinspect/rawpage.c,v 1.4 2008/01/01 20:31:21 tgl Exp $
+ *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/contrib/pageinspect/rawpage.c,v 1.5 2008/03/25 22:42:41 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ page_header(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	lsn = PageGetLSN(page);
 	snprintf(lsnchar, sizeof(lsnchar), "%X/%X", lsn.xlogid, lsn.xrecoff);
 
-	values[0] = DirectFunctionCall1(textin, CStringGetDatum(lsnchar));
+	values[0] = CStringGetTextDatum(lsnchar);
 	values[1] = UInt16GetDatum(PageGetTLI(page));
 	values[2] = UInt16GetDatum(page->pd_flags);
 	values[3] = UInt16GetDatum(page->pd_lower);
diff --git a/contrib/pgcrypto/pgcrypto.c b/contrib/pgcrypto/pgcrypto.c
index 6e2963ff247..04c90d8672f 100644
--- a/contrib/pgcrypto/pgcrypto.c
+++ b/contrib/pgcrypto/pgcrypto.c
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
  * SUCH DAMAGE.
  *
- * $PostgreSQL: pgsql/contrib/pgcrypto/pgcrypto.c,v 1.26 2007/02/27 23:48:06 tgl Exp $
+ * $PostgreSQL: pgsql/contrib/pgcrypto/pgcrypto.c,v 1.27 2008/03/25 22:42:41 tgl Exp $
  */
 
 #include "postgres.h"
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@
 
 #include "fmgr.h"
 #include "parser/scansup.h"
+#include "utils/builtins.h"
 
 #include "px.h"
 #include "px-crypt.h"
@@ -132,30 +133,20 @@ PG_FUNCTION_INFO_V1(pg_gen_salt);
 Datum
 pg_gen_salt(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
-	text	   *arg0;
+	text	   *arg0 = PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0);
 	int			len;
-	text	   *res;
 	char		buf[PX_MAX_SALT_LEN + 1];
 
-	arg0 = PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0);
-
-	len = VARSIZE(arg0) - VARHDRSZ;
-	len = len > PX_MAX_SALT_LEN ? PX_MAX_SALT_LEN : len;
-	memcpy(buf, VARDATA(arg0), len);
-	buf[len] = 0;
+	text_to_cstring_buffer(arg0, buf, sizeof(buf));
 	len = px_gen_salt(buf, buf, 0);
 	if (len < 0)
 		ereport(ERROR,
 				(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
 				 errmsg("gen_salt: %s", px_strerror(len))));
 
-	res = (text *) palloc(len + VARHDRSZ);
-	SET_VARSIZE(res, len + VARHDRSZ);
-	memcpy(VARDATA(res), buf, len);
-
 	PG_FREE_IF_COPY(arg0, 0);
 
-	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(res);
+	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(cstring_to_text_with_len(buf, len));
 }
 
 /* SQL function: pg_gen_salt(text, int4) returns text */
@@ -164,32 +155,21 @@ PG_FUNCTION_INFO_V1(pg_gen_salt_rounds);
 Datum
 pg_gen_salt_rounds(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
-	text	   *arg0;
-	int			rounds;
+	text	   *arg0 = PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0);
+	int			rounds = PG_GETARG_INT32(1);
 	int			len;
-	text	   *res;
 	char		buf[PX_MAX_SALT_LEN + 1];
 
-	arg0 = PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0);
-	rounds = PG_GETARG_INT32(1);
-
-	len = VARSIZE(arg0) - VARHDRSZ;
-	len = len > PX_MAX_SALT_LEN ? PX_MAX_SALT_LEN : len;
-	memcpy(buf, VARDATA(arg0), len);
-	buf[len] = 0;
+	text_to_cstring_buffer(arg0, buf, sizeof(buf));
 	len = px_gen_salt(buf, buf, rounds);
 	if (len < 0)
 		ereport(ERROR,
 				(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
 				 errmsg("gen_salt: %s", px_strerror(len))));
 
-	res = (text *) palloc(len + VARHDRSZ);
-	SET_VARSIZE(res, len + VARHDRSZ);
-	memcpy(VARDATA(res), buf, len);
-
 	PG_FREE_IF_COPY(arg0, 0);
 
-	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(res);
+	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(cstring_to_text_with_len(buf, len));
 }
 
 /* SQL function: pg_crypt(psw:text, salt:text) returns text */
@@ -198,30 +178,16 @@ PG_FUNCTION_INFO_V1(pg_crypt);
 Datum
 pg_crypt(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
-	text	   *arg0;
-	text	   *arg1;
-	unsigned	len0,
-				len1,
-				clen;
+	text	   *arg0 = PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0);
+	text	   *arg1 = PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(1);
 	char	   *buf0,
 			   *buf1,
 			   *cres,
 			   *resbuf;
 	text	   *res;
 
-	arg0 = PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0);
-	arg1 = PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(1);
-	len0 = VARSIZE(arg0) - VARHDRSZ;
-	len1 = VARSIZE(arg1) - VARHDRSZ;
-
-	buf0 = palloc(len0 + 1);
-	buf1 = palloc(len1 + 1);
-
-	memcpy(buf0, VARDATA(arg0), len0);
-	memcpy(buf1, VARDATA(arg1), len1);
-
-	buf0[len0] = '\0';
-	buf1[len1] = '\0';
+	buf0 = text_to_cstring(arg0);
+	buf1 = text_to_cstring(arg1);
 
 	resbuf = palloc0(PX_MAX_CRYPT);
 
@@ -235,11 +201,8 @@ pg_crypt(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 				(errcode(ERRCODE_EXTERNAL_ROUTINE_INVOCATION_EXCEPTION),
 				 errmsg("crypt(3) returned NULL")));
 
-	clen = strlen(cres);
+	res = cstring_to_text(cres);
 
-	res = (text *) palloc(clen + VARHDRSZ);
-	SET_VARSIZE(res, clen + VARHDRSZ);
-	memcpy(VARDATA(res), cres, clen);
 	pfree(resbuf);
 
 	PG_FREE_IF_COPY(arg0, 0);
diff --git a/contrib/spi/autoinc.c b/contrib/spi/autoinc.c
index c748b6bf1c7..6ca09230a60 100644
--- a/contrib/spi/autoinc.c
+++ b/contrib/spi/autoinc.c
@@ -88,8 +88,7 @@ autoinc(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 
 		i++;
 		chattrs[chnattrs] = attnum;
-		seqname = DirectFunctionCall1(textin,
-									  CStringGetDatum(args[i]));
+		seqname = CStringGetTextDatum(args[i]);
 		newvals[chnattrs] = DirectFunctionCall1(nextval, seqname);
 		/* nextval now returns int64; coerce down to int32 */
 		newvals[chnattrs] = Int32GetDatum((int32) DatumGetInt64(newvals[chnattrs]));
diff --git a/contrib/spi/insert_username.c b/contrib/spi/insert_username.c
index 5e709f28343..9541677ebde 100644
--- a/contrib/spi/insert_username.c
+++ b/contrib/spi/insert_username.c
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
  * insert_username.c
  * $Modified: Thu Oct 16 08:13:42 1997 by brook $
- * $PostgreSQL: pgsql/contrib/spi/insert_username.c,v 1.15 2007/02/01 19:10:23 momjian Exp $
+ * $PostgreSQL: pgsql/contrib/spi/insert_username.c,v 1.16 2008/03/25 22:42:42 tgl Exp $
  *
  * insert user name in response to a trigger
  * usage:  insert_username (column_name)
@@ -77,8 +77,7 @@ insert_username(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 						args[0], relname)));
 
 	/* create fields containing name */
-	newval = DirectFunctionCall1(textin,
-							CStringGetDatum(GetUserNameFromId(GetUserId())));
+	newval = CStringGetTextDatum(GetUserNameFromId(GetUserId()));
 
 	/* construct new tuple */
 	rettuple = SPI_modifytuple(rel, rettuple, 1, &attnum, &newval, NULL);
diff --git a/contrib/spi/timetravel.c b/contrib/spi/timetravel.c
index 4b238fa425f..0fd5cae09bb 100644
--- a/contrib/spi/timetravel.c
+++ b/contrib/spi/timetravel.c
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ timetravel(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	}
 
 	/* create fields containing name */
-	newuser = DirectFunctionCall1(textin, CStringGetDatum(GetUserNameFromId(GetUserId())));
+	newuser = CStringGetTextDatum(GetUserNameFromId(GetUserId()));
 
 	nulltext = (Datum) NULL;
 
diff --git a/contrib/sslinfo/sslinfo.c b/contrib/sslinfo/sslinfo.c
index 7236203d7d8..a215abb8b6e 100644
--- a/contrib/sslinfo/sslinfo.c
+++ b/contrib/sslinfo/sslinfo.c
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
  * Written by Victor B. Wagner <vitus@cryptocom.ru>, Cryptocom LTD
  * This file is distributed under BSD-style license.
  *
- * $PostgreSQL: pgsql/contrib/sslinfo/sslinfo.c,v 1.6 2007/02/27 23:48:06 tgl Exp $
+ * $PostgreSQL: pgsql/contrib/sslinfo/sslinfo.c,v 1.7 2008/03/25 22:42:42 tgl Exp $
  */
 
 #include "postgres.h"
@@ -133,10 +133,7 @@ ASN1_STRING_to_text(ASN1_STRING *str)
 											size - 1,
 											PG_UTF8,
 											GetDatabaseEncoding());
-	outlen = strlen(dp);
-	result = palloc(VARHDRSZ + outlen);
-	memcpy(VARDATA(result), dp, outlen);
-	SET_VARSIZE(result, VARHDRSZ + outlen);
+	result = cstring_to_text(dp);
 
 	if (dp != sp)
 		pfree(dp);
@@ -161,21 +158,12 @@ ASN1_STRING_to_text(ASN1_STRING *str)
 Datum
 X509_NAME_field_to_text(X509_NAME *name, text *fieldName)
 {
-	char	   *sp;
 	char	   *string_fieldname;
-	char	   *dp;
-	size_t		name_len = VARSIZE(fieldName) - VARHDRSZ;
 	int			nid,
-				index,
-				i;
+				index;
 	ASN1_STRING *data;
 
-	string_fieldname = palloc(name_len + 1);
-	sp = VARDATA(fieldName);
-	dp = string_fieldname;
-	for (i = 0; i < name_len; i++)
-		*dp++ = *sp++;
-	*dp = '\0';
+	string_fieldname = text_to_cstring(fieldName);
 	nid = OBJ_txt2nid(string_fieldname);
 	if (nid == NID_undef)
 		ereport(ERROR,
@@ -281,10 +269,8 @@ X509_NAME_to_text(X509_NAME *name)
 				count = X509_NAME_entry_count(name);
 	X509_NAME_ENTRY *e;
 	ASN1_STRING *v;
-
 	const char *field_name;
-	size_t		size,
-				outlen;
+	size_t		size;
 	char	   *sp;
 	char	   *dp;
 	text	   *result;
@@ -314,10 +300,7 @@ X509_NAME_to_text(X509_NAME *name)
 											GetDatabaseEncoding());
 	BIO_free(membuf);
 
-	outlen = strlen(dp);
-	result = palloc(VARHDRSZ + outlen);
-	memcpy(VARDATA(result), dp, outlen);
-	SET_VARSIZE(result, VARHDRSZ + outlen);
+	result = cstring_to_text(dp);
 
 	/*
 	 * pg_do_encoding_conversion has annoying habit of returning source
diff --git a/contrib/tablefunc/tablefunc.c b/contrib/tablefunc/tablefunc.c
index bfac89e4146..793f26ed583 100644
--- a/contrib/tablefunc/tablefunc.c
+++ b/contrib/tablefunc/tablefunc.c
@@ -95,8 +95,6 @@ typedef struct
 	char	   *lastrowid;		/* rowid of the last tuple sent */
 }	crosstab_fctx;
 
-#define GET_TEXT(cstrp) DatumGetTextP(DirectFunctionCall1(textin, CStringGetDatum(cstrp)))
-#define GET_STR(textp) DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout, PointerGetDatum(textp)))
 #define xpfree(var_) \
 	do { \
 		if (var_ != NULL) \
@@ -370,7 +368,7 @@ crosstab(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	/* stuff done only on the first call of the function */
 	if (SRF_IS_FIRSTCALL())
 	{
-		char	   *sql = GET_STR(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0));
+		char	   *sql = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0));
 		TupleDesc	tupdesc;
 		int			ret;
 		int			proc;
@@ -695,8 +693,8 @@ PG_FUNCTION_INFO_V1(crosstab_hash);
 Datum
 crosstab_hash(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
-	char	   *sql = GET_STR(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0));
-	char	   *cats_sql = GET_STR(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(1));
+	char	   *sql = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0));
+	char	   *cats_sql = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(1));
 	ReturnSetInfo *rsinfo = (ReturnSetInfo *) fcinfo->resultinfo;
 	TupleDesc	tupdesc;
 	MemoryContext per_query_ctx;
@@ -1052,10 +1050,10 @@ PG_FUNCTION_INFO_V1(connectby_text);
 Datum
 connectby_text(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
-	char	   *relname = GET_STR(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0));
-	char	   *key_fld = GET_STR(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(1));
-	char	   *parent_key_fld = GET_STR(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(2));
-	char	   *start_with = GET_STR(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(3));
+	char	   *relname = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0));
+	char	   *key_fld = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(1));
+	char	   *parent_key_fld = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(2));
+	char	   *start_with = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(3));
 	int			max_depth = PG_GETARG_INT32(4);
 	char	   *branch_delim = NULL;
 	bool		show_branch = false;
@@ -1079,7 +1077,7 @@ connectby_text(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 
 	if (fcinfo->nargs == 6)
 	{
-		branch_delim = GET_STR(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(5));
+		branch_delim = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(5));
 		show_branch = true;
 	}
 	else
@@ -1129,11 +1127,11 @@ PG_FUNCTION_INFO_V1(connectby_text_serial);
 Datum
 connectby_text_serial(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
-	char	   *relname = GET_STR(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0));
-	char	   *key_fld = GET_STR(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(1));
-	char	   *parent_key_fld = GET_STR(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(2));
-	char	   *orderby_fld = GET_STR(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(3));
-	char	   *start_with = GET_STR(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(4));
+	char	   *relname = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0));
+	char	   *key_fld = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(1));
+	char	   *parent_key_fld = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(2));
+	char	   *orderby_fld = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(3));
+	char	   *start_with = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(4));
 	int			max_depth = PG_GETARG_INT32(5);
 	char	   *branch_delim = NULL;
 	bool		show_branch = false;
@@ -1158,7 +1156,7 @@ connectby_text_serial(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 
 	if (fcinfo->nargs == 7)
 	{
-		branch_delim = GET_STR(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(6));
+		branch_delim = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(6));
 		show_branch = true;
 	}
 	else
@@ -1645,9 +1643,10 @@ quote_literal_cstr(char *rawstr)
 	text	   *result_text;
 	char	   *result;
 
-	rawstr_text = DatumGetTextP(DirectFunctionCall1(textin, CStringGetDatum(rawstr)));
-	result_text = DatumGetTextP(DirectFunctionCall1(quote_literal, PointerGetDatum(rawstr_text)));
-	result = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout, PointerGetDatum(result_text)));
+	rawstr_text = cstring_to_text(rawstr);
+	result_text = DatumGetTextP(DirectFunctionCall1(quote_literal,
+													PointerGetDatum(rawstr_text)));
+	result = text_to_cstring(result_text);
 
 	return result;
 }
diff --git a/contrib/tsearch2/tsearch2.c b/contrib/tsearch2/tsearch2.c
index 9dc5eb3bdbf..7754f574026 100644
--- a/contrib/tsearch2/tsearch2.c
+++ b/contrib/tsearch2/tsearch2.c
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
  *
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/contrib/tsearch2/tsearch2.c,v 1.5 2008/01/01 19:45:45 momjian Exp $
+ *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/contrib/tsearch2/tsearch2.c,v 1.6 2008/03/25 22:42:42 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -41,14 +41,9 @@ static Oid	current_parser_oid = InvalidOid;
 		fcinfo->nargs++;								\
 	} while (0)
 
-#define TextPGetCString(t) \
-	DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout, PointerGetDatum(t)))
-#define CStringGetTextP(c) \
-	DatumGetTextP(DirectFunctionCall1(textin, CStringGetDatum(c)))
-
 #define TextGetObjectId(infunction, text) \
 	DatumGetObjectId(DirectFunctionCall1(infunction, \
-					 DirectFunctionCall1(textout, PointerGetDatum(text))))
+					 CStringGetDatum(text_to_cstring(text))))
 
 #define UNSUPPORTED_FUNCTION(name)						\
 	Datum name(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS);						\
@@ -151,7 +146,7 @@ UNSUPPORTED_FUNCTION(tsa_get_covers);
 Datum
 tsa_lexize_byname(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
-	text	   *dictname = PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0);
+	text	   *dictname = PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0);
 	Datum		arg1 = PG_GETARG_DATUM(1);
 
 	return DirectFunctionCall2(ts_lexize,
@@ -192,10 +187,10 @@ tsa_set_curdict(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 Datum
 tsa_set_curdict_byname(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
-	text	   *name = PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0);
+	text	   *name = PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0);
 	Oid			dict_oid;
 
-	dict_oid = TSDictionaryGetDictid(stringToQualifiedNameList(TextPGetCString(name)), false);
+	dict_oid = TSDictionaryGetDictid(stringToQualifiedNameList(text_to_cstring(name)), false);
 
 	current_dictionary_oid = dict_oid;
 
@@ -231,10 +226,10 @@ tsa_set_curprs(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 Datum
 tsa_set_curprs_byname(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
-	text	   *name = PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0);
+	text	   *name = PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0);
 	Oid			parser_oid;
 
-	parser_oid = TSParserGetPrsid(stringToQualifiedNameList(TextPGetCString(name)), false);
+	parser_oid = TSParserGetPrsid(stringToQualifiedNameList(text_to_cstring(name)), false);
 
 	current_parser_oid = parser_oid;
 
@@ -272,10 +267,10 @@ tsa_set_curcfg(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 Datum
 tsa_set_curcfg_byname(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
-	text	   *arg0 = PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0);
+	text	   *arg0 = PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0);
 	char	   *name;
 
-	name = TextPGetCString(arg0);
+	name = text_to_cstring(arg0);
 
 	set_config_option("default_text_search_config", name,
 					  PGC_USERSET,
@@ -290,7 +285,7 @@ tsa_set_curcfg_byname(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 Datum
 tsa_to_tsvector_name(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
-	text	   *cfgname = PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0);
+	text	   *cfgname = PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0);
 	Datum		arg1 = PG_GETARG_DATUM(1);
 	Oid			config_oid;
 
@@ -304,7 +299,7 @@ tsa_to_tsvector_name(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 Datum
 tsa_to_tsquery_name(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
-	text	   *cfgname = PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0);
+	text	   *cfgname = PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0);
 	Datum		arg1 = PG_GETARG_DATUM(1);
 	Oid			config_oid;
 
@@ -319,7 +314,7 @@ tsa_to_tsquery_name(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 Datum
 tsa_plainto_tsquery_name(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
-	text	   *cfgname = PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0);
+	text	   *cfgname = PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0);
 	Datum		arg1 = PG_GETARG_DATUM(1);
 	Oid			config_oid;
 
@@ -341,7 +336,7 @@ tsa_headline_byname(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 
 	/* first parameter has to be converted to oid */
 	config_oid = DatumGetObjectId(DirectFunctionCall1(regconfigin,
-										DirectFunctionCall1(textout, arg0)));
+								CStringGetDatum(TextDatumGetCString(arg0))));
 
 	if (PG_NARGS() == 3)
 		result = DirectFunctionCall3(ts_headline_byid,
diff --git a/contrib/uuid-ossp/uuid-ossp.c b/contrib/uuid-ossp/uuid-ossp.c
index 456ec5728b8..7bdf5ee5140 100644
--- a/contrib/uuid-ossp/uuid-ossp.c
+++ b/contrib/uuid-ossp/uuid-ossp.c
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2007-2008 PostgreSQL Global Development Group
  *
- * $PostgreSQL: pgsql/contrib/uuid-ossp/uuid-ossp.c,v 1.7 2008/01/01 20:31:21 tgl Exp $
+ * $PostgreSQL: pgsql/contrib/uuid-ossp/uuid-ossp.c,v 1.8 2008/03/25 22:42:42 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -214,7 +214,7 @@ uuid_generate_v35_internal(int mode, pg_uuid_t *ns, text *name)
 
 	result = uuid_generate_internal(mode,
 									ns_uuid,
-	   DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout, PointerGetDatum(name))));
+									text_to_cstring(name));
 
 	rc = uuid_destroy(ns_uuid);
 	if (rc != UUID_RC_OK)
diff --git a/contrib/xml2/xpath.c b/contrib/xml2/xpath.c
index b02f9577772..52cc3d379fd 100644
--- a/contrib/xml2/xpath.c
+++ b/contrib/xml2/xpath.c
@@ -55,11 +55,6 @@ Datum		xpath_table(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS);
 char	   *errbuf;				/* per line error buffer */
 char	   *pgxml_errorMsg = NULL;		/* overall error message */
 
-/* Convenience macros */
-
-#define GET_TEXT(cstrp) DatumGetTextP(DirectFunctionCall1(textin, CStringGetDatum(cstrp)))
-#define GET_STR(textp) DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout, PointerGetDatum(textp)))
-
 #define ERRBUF_SIZE 200
 
 /* memory handling passthrough functions (e.g. palloc, pstrdup are
@@ -651,11 +646,11 @@ xpath_table(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	MemoryContext oldcontext;
 
 /* Function parameters */
-	char	   *pkeyfield = GET_STR(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0));
-	char	   *xmlfield = GET_STR(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(1));
-	char	   *relname = GET_STR(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(2));
-	char	   *xpathset = GET_STR(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(3));
-	char	   *condition = GET_STR(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(4));
+	char	   *pkeyfield = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0));
+	char	   *xmlfield = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(1));
+	char	   *relname = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(2));
+	char	   *xpathset = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(3));
+	char	   *condition = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(4));
 
 	char	  **values;
 	xmlChar   **xpaths;
diff --git a/contrib/xml2/xslt_proc.c b/contrib/xml2/xslt_proc.c
index b89102245c5..f15fabcb3c5 100644
--- a/contrib/xml2/xslt_proc.c
+++ b/contrib/xml2/xslt_proc.c
@@ -22,13 +22,10 @@
 
 
 /* declarations to come from xpath.c */
-
 extern void elog_error(int level, char *explain, int force);
 extern void pgxml_parser_init();
 extern xmlChar *pgxml_texttoxmlchar(text *textstring);
 
-#define GET_STR(textp) DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout, PointerGetDatum(textp)))
-
 /* local defs */
 static void parse_params(const char **params, text *paramstr);
 
@@ -76,7 +73,7 @@ xslt_process(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	if (VARDATA(doct)[0] == '<')
 		doctree = xmlParseMemory((char *) VARDATA(doct), VARSIZE(doct) - VARHDRSZ);
 	else
-		doctree = xmlParseFile(GET_STR(doct));
+		doctree = xmlParseFile(text_to_cstring(doct));
 
 	if (doctree == NULL)
 	{
@@ -102,7 +99,7 @@ xslt_process(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 		stylesheet = xsltParseStylesheetDoc(ssdoc);
 	}
 	else
-		stylesheet = xsltParseStylesheetFile((xmlChar *) GET_STR(ssheet));
+		stylesheet = xsltParseStylesheetFile((xmlChar *) text_to_cstring(ssheet));
 
 
 	if (stylesheet == NULL)
@@ -145,7 +142,7 @@ parse_params(const char **params, text *paramstr)
 	char	   *nvsep = "=";
 	char	   *itsep = ",";
 
-	pstr = GET_STR(paramstr);
+	pstr = text_to_cstring(paramstr);
 
 	pos = pstr;
 
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/spi.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/spi.sgml
index d488c203d3d..a28d8170a4c 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/spi.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/spi.sgml
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-<!-- $PostgreSQL: pgsql/doc/src/sgml/spi.sgml,v 1.60 2008/02/12 04:09:44 tgl Exp $ -->
+<!-- $PostgreSQL: pgsql/doc/src/sgml/spi.sgml,v 1.61 2008/03/25 22:42:42 tgl Exp $ -->
 
 <chapter id="spi">
  <title>Server Programming Interface</title>
@@ -3343,8 +3343,7 @@ execq(text *sql, int cnt)
     int proc;
 
     /* Convert given text object to a C string */
-    command = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout,
-                                                  PointerGetDatum(sql)));
+    command = text_to_cstring(sql);
 
     SPI_connect();
     
diff --git a/src/backend/access/common/reloptions.c b/src/backend/access/common/reloptions.c
index 48e9080b60d..fc5b6ebdcac 100644
--- a/src/backend/access/common/reloptions.c
+++ b/src/backend/access/common/reloptions.c
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
  *
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/access/common/reloptions.c,v 1.8 2008/01/01 19:45:46 momjian Exp $
+ *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/access/common/reloptions.c,v 1.9 2008/03/25 22:42:42 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ untransformRelOptions(Datum options)
 		char	   *p;
 		Node	   *val = NULL;
 
-		s = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout, optiondatums[i]));
+		s = TextDatumGetCString(optiondatums[i]);
 		p = strchr(s, '=');
 		if (p)
 		{
@@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ parseRelOptions(Datum options, int numkeywords, const char *const * keywords,
 			char	   *s;
 			char	   *p;
 
-			s = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout, optiondatums[i]));
+			s = TextDatumGetCString(optiondatums[i]);
 			p = strchr(s, '=');
 			if (p)
 				*p = '\0';
diff --git a/src/backend/access/transam/twophase.c b/src/backend/access/transam/twophase.c
index a51f884c116..b8d3913cd03 100644
--- a/src/backend/access/transam/twophase.c
+++ b/src/backend/access/transam/twophase.c
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
  * Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *		$PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/access/transam/twophase.c,v 1.40 2008/03/17 02:18:55 tgl Exp $
+ *		$PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/access/transam/twophase.c,v 1.41 2008/03/25 22:42:42 tgl Exp $
  *
  * NOTES
  *		Each global transaction is associated with a global transaction
@@ -623,7 +623,7 @@ pg_prepared_xact(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 		MemSet(nulls, 0, sizeof(nulls));
 
 		values[0] = TransactionIdGetDatum(gxact->proc.xid);
-		values[1] = DirectFunctionCall1(textin, CStringGetDatum(gxact->gid));
+		values[1] = CStringGetTextDatum(gxact->gid);
 		values[2] = TimestampTzGetDatum(gxact->prepared_at);
 		values[3] = ObjectIdGetDatum(gxact->owner);
 		values[4] = ObjectIdGetDatum(gxact->proc.databaseId);
diff --git a/src/backend/access/transam/xlog.c b/src/backend/access/transam/xlog.c
index 3990f1d863e..1b6a58f6616 100644
--- a/src/backend/access/transam/xlog.c
+++ b/src/backend/access/transam/xlog.c
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
  * Portions Copyright (c) 1996-2008, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
  * Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
  *
- * $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/access/transam/xlog.c,v 1.294 2008/03/10 02:13:22 tgl Exp $
+ * $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/access/transam/xlog.c,v 1.295 2008/03/25 22:42:42 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -6380,7 +6380,6 @@ Datum
 pg_start_backup(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
 	text	   *backupid = PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0);
-	text	   *result;
 	char	   *backupidstr;
 	XLogRecPtr	checkpointloc;
 	XLogRecPtr	startpoint;
@@ -6410,8 +6409,7 @@ pg_start_backup(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 				 errhint("archive_command must be defined before "
 						 "online backups can be made safely.")));
 
-	backupidstr = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout,
-												 PointerGetDatum(backupid)));
+	backupidstr = text_to_cstring(backupid);
 
 	/*
 	 * Mark backup active in shared memory.  We must do full-page WAL writes
@@ -6531,9 +6529,7 @@ pg_start_backup(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	 */
 	snprintf(xlogfilename, sizeof(xlogfilename), "%X/%X",
 			 startpoint.xlogid, startpoint.xrecoff);
-	result = DatumGetTextP(DirectFunctionCall1(textin,
-											 CStringGetDatum(xlogfilename)));
-	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(result);
+	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(cstring_to_text(xlogfilename));
 }
 
 /*
@@ -6547,7 +6543,6 @@ pg_start_backup(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 Datum
 pg_stop_backup(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
-	text	   *result;
 	XLogRecPtr	startpoint;
 	XLogRecPtr	stoppoint;
 	pg_time_t	stamp_time;
@@ -6669,9 +6664,7 @@ pg_stop_backup(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	 */
 	snprintf(stopxlogfilename, sizeof(stopxlogfilename), "%X/%X",
 			 stoppoint.xlogid, stoppoint.xrecoff);
-	result = DatumGetTextP(DirectFunctionCall1(textin,
-										 CStringGetDatum(stopxlogfilename)));
-	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(result);
+	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(cstring_to_text(stopxlogfilename));
 }
 
 /*
@@ -6680,7 +6673,6 @@ pg_stop_backup(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 Datum
 pg_switch_xlog(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
-	text	   *result;
 	XLogRecPtr	switchpoint;
 	char		location[MAXFNAMELEN];
 
@@ -6696,9 +6688,7 @@ pg_switch_xlog(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	 */
 	snprintf(location, sizeof(location), "%X/%X",
 			 switchpoint.xlogid, switchpoint.xrecoff);
-	result = DatumGetTextP(DirectFunctionCall1(textin,
-											   CStringGetDatum(location)));
-	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(result);
+	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(cstring_to_text(location));
 }
 
 /*
@@ -6711,7 +6701,6 @@ pg_switch_xlog(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 Datum
 pg_current_xlog_location(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
-	text	   *result;
 	char		location[MAXFNAMELEN];
 
 	/* Make sure we have an up-to-date local LogwrtResult */
@@ -6726,10 +6715,7 @@ pg_current_xlog_location(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 
 	snprintf(location, sizeof(location), "%X/%X",
 			 LogwrtResult.Write.xlogid, LogwrtResult.Write.xrecoff);
-
-	result = DatumGetTextP(DirectFunctionCall1(textin,
-											   CStringGetDatum(location)));
-	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(result);
+	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(cstring_to_text(location));
 }
 
 /*
@@ -6740,7 +6726,6 @@ pg_current_xlog_location(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 Datum
 pg_current_xlog_insert_location(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
-	text	   *result;
 	XLogCtlInsert *Insert = &XLogCtl->Insert;
 	XLogRecPtr	current_recptr;
 	char		location[MAXFNAMELEN];
@@ -6754,10 +6739,7 @@ pg_current_xlog_insert_location(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 
 	snprintf(location, sizeof(location), "%X/%X",
 			 current_recptr.xlogid, current_recptr.xrecoff);
-
-	result = DatumGetTextP(DirectFunctionCall1(textin,
-											   CStringGetDatum(location)));
-	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(result);
+	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(cstring_to_text(location));
 }
 
 /*
@@ -6789,8 +6771,7 @@ pg_xlogfile_name_offset(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	/*
 	 * Read input and parse
 	 */
-	locationstr = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout,
-												 PointerGetDatum(location)));
+	locationstr = text_to_cstring(location);
 
 	if (sscanf(locationstr, "%X/%X", &uxlogid, &uxrecoff) != 2)
 		ereport(ERROR,
@@ -6819,8 +6800,7 @@ pg_xlogfile_name_offset(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	XLByteToPrevSeg(locationpoint, xlogid, xlogseg);
 	XLogFileName(xlogfilename, ThisTimeLineID, xlogid, xlogseg);
 
-	values[0] = DirectFunctionCall1(textin,
-									CStringGetDatum(xlogfilename));
+	values[0] = CStringGetTextDatum(xlogfilename);
 	isnull[0] = false;
 
 	/*
@@ -6849,7 +6829,6 @@ Datum
 pg_xlogfile_name(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
 	text	   *location = PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0);
-	text	   *result;
 	char	   *locationstr;
 	unsigned int uxlogid;
 	unsigned int uxrecoff;
@@ -6858,8 +6837,7 @@ pg_xlogfile_name(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	XLogRecPtr	locationpoint;
 	char		xlogfilename[MAXFNAMELEN];
 
-	locationstr = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout,
-												 PointerGetDatum(location)));
+	locationstr = text_to_cstring(location);
 
 	if (sscanf(locationstr, "%X/%X", &uxlogid, &uxrecoff) != 2)
 		ereport(ERROR,
@@ -6873,9 +6851,7 @@ pg_xlogfile_name(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	XLByteToPrevSeg(locationpoint, xlogid, xlogseg);
 	XLogFileName(xlogfilename, ThisTimeLineID, xlogid, xlogseg);
 
-	result = DatumGetTextP(DirectFunctionCall1(textin,
-											 CStringGetDatum(xlogfilename)));
-	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(result);
+	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(cstring_to_text(xlogfilename));
 }
 
 /*
diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c
index 3f8c7eab47b..974eec8a06a 100644
--- a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c
+++ b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
  *
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/catalog/heap.c,v 1.327 2008/01/01 19:45:48 momjian Exp $
+ *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/catalog/heap.c,v 1.328 2008/03/25 22:42:42 tgl Exp $
  *
  *
  * INTERFACE ROUTINES
@@ -1459,10 +1459,8 @@ StoreAttrDefault(Relation rel, AttrNumber attnum, char *adbin)
 	 */
 	values[Anum_pg_attrdef_adrelid - 1] = RelationGetRelid(rel);
 	values[Anum_pg_attrdef_adnum - 1] = attnum;
-	values[Anum_pg_attrdef_adbin - 1] = DirectFunctionCall1(textin,
-													 CStringGetDatum(adbin));
-	values[Anum_pg_attrdef_adsrc - 1] = DirectFunctionCall1(textin,
-													 CStringGetDatum(adsrc));
+	values[Anum_pg_attrdef_adbin - 1] = CStringGetTextDatum(adbin);
+	values[Anum_pg_attrdef_adsrc - 1] = CStringGetTextDatum(adsrc);
 
 	adrel = heap_open(AttrDefaultRelationId, RowExclusiveLock);
 
diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/index.c b/src/backend/catalog/index.c
index ed30b09b42a..4188eec289c 100644
--- a/src/backend/catalog/index.c
+++ b/src/backend/catalog/index.c
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
  *
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/catalog/index.c,v 1.292 2008/01/30 19:46:48 tgl Exp $
+ *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/catalog/index.c,v 1.293 2008/03/25 22:42:42 tgl Exp $
  *
  *
  * INTERFACE ROUTINES
@@ -374,8 +374,7 @@ UpdateIndexRelation(Oid indexoid,
 		char	   *exprsString;
 
 		exprsString = nodeToString(indexInfo->ii_Expressions);
-		exprsDatum = DirectFunctionCall1(textin,
-										 CStringGetDatum(exprsString));
+		exprsDatum = CStringGetTextDatum(exprsString);
 		pfree(exprsString);
 	}
 	else
@@ -390,8 +389,7 @@ UpdateIndexRelation(Oid indexoid,
 		char	   *predString;
 
 		predString = nodeToString(make_ands_explicit(indexInfo->ii_Predicate));
-		predDatum = DirectFunctionCall1(textin,
-										CStringGetDatum(predString));
+		predDatum = CStringGetTextDatum(predString);
 		pfree(predString);
 	}
 	else
diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_aggregate.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_aggregate.c
index bfdd429b23a..c88f9973b97 100644
--- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_aggregate.c
+++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_aggregate.c
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
  *
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/catalog/pg_aggregate.c,v 1.90 2008/01/11 18:39:40 tgl Exp $
+ *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/catalog/pg_aggregate.c,v 1.91 2008/03/25 22:42:42 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -232,8 +232,7 @@ AggregateCreate(const char *aggName,
 	values[Anum_pg_aggregate_aggsortop - 1] = ObjectIdGetDatum(sortop);
 	values[Anum_pg_aggregate_aggtranstype - 1] = ObjectIdGetDatum(aggTransType);
 	if (agginitval)
-		values[Anum_pg_aggregate_agginitval - 1] =
-			DirectFunctionCall1(textin, CStringGetDatum(agginitval));
+		values[Anum_pg_aggregate_agginitval - 1] = CStringGetTextDatum(agginitval);
 	else
 		nulls[Anum_pg_aggregate_agginitval - 1] = 'n';
 
diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c
index c25cfaab35b..2de30557801 100644
--- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c
+++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
  *
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c,v 1.38 2008/01/17 18:56:54 tgl Exp $
+ *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c,v 1.39 2008/03/25 22:42:42 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -174,8 +174,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName,
 	 * initialize the binary form of the check constraint.
 	 */
 	if (conBin)
-		values[Anum_pg_constraint_conbin - 1] = DirectFunctionCall1(textin,
-													CStringGetDatum(conBin));
+		values[Anum_pg_constraint_conbin - 1] = CStringGetTextDatum(conBin);
 	else
 		nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_conbin - 1] = 'n';
 
@@ -183,8 +182,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName,
 	 * initialize the text form of the check constraint
 	 */
 	if (conSrc)
-		values[Anum_pg_constraint_consrc - 1] = DirectFunctionCall1(textin,
-													CStringGetDatum(conSrc));
+		values[Anum_pg_constraint_consrc - 1] = CStringGetTextDatum(conSrc);
 	else
 		nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_consrc - 1] = 'n';
 
diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_proc.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_proc.c
index f86b742cada..c099d95c059 100644
--- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_proc.c
+++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_proc.c
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
  *
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/catalog/pg_proc.c,v 1.149 2008/03/18 22:04:14 tgl Exp $
+ *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/catalog/pg_proc.c,v 1.150 2008/03/25 22:42:42 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -248,10 +248,8 @@ ProcedureCreate(const char *procedureName,
 		values[Anum_pg_proc_proargnames - 1] = parameterNames;
 	else
 		nulls[Anum_pg_proc_proargnames - 1] = 'n';
-	values[Anum_pg_proc_prosrc - 1] = DirectFunctionCall1(textin,
-													CStringGetDatum(prosrc));
-	values[Anum_pg_proc_probin - 1] = DirectFunctionCall1(textin,
-													CStringGetDatum(probin));
+	values[Anum_pg_proc_prosrc - 1] = CStringGetTextDatum(prosrc);
+	values[Anum_pg_proc_probin - 1] = CStringGetTextDatum(probin);
 	if (proconfig != PointerGetDatum(NULL))
 		values[Anum_pg_proc_proconfig - 1] = proconfig;
 	else
@@ -449,7 +447,7 @@ fmgr_internal_validator(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	tmp = SysCacheGetAttr(PROCOID, tuple, Anum_pg_proc_prosrc, &isnull);
 	if (isnull)
 		elog(ERROR, "null prosrc");
-	prosrc = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout, tmp));
+	prosrc = TextDatumGetCString(tmp);
 
 	if (fmgr_internal_function(prosrc) == InvalidOid)
 		ereport(ERROR,
@@ -499,12 +497,12 @@ fmgr_c_validator(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	tmp = SysCacheGetAttr(PROCOID, tuple, Anum_pg_proc_prosrc, &isnull);
 	if (isnull)
 		elog(ERROR, "null prosrc");
-	prosrc = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout, tmp));
+	prosrc = TextDatumGetCString(tmp);
 
 	tmp = SysCacheGetAttr(PROCOID, tuple, Anum_pg_proc_probin, &isnull);
 	if (isnull)
 		elog(ERROR, "null probin");
-	probin = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout, tmp));
+	probin = TextDatumGetCString(tmp);
 
 	(void) load_external_function(probin, prosrc, true, &libraryhandle);
 	(void) fetch_finfo_record(libraryhandle, prosrc);
@@ -576,7 +574,7 @@ fmgr_sql_validator(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 		if (isnull)
 			elog(ERROR, "null prosrc");
 
-		prosrc = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout, tmp));
+		prosrc = TextDatumGetCString(tmp);
 
 		/*
 		 * Setup error traceback support for ereport().
@@ -631,7 +629,7 @@ sql_function_parse_error_callback(void *arg)
 	tmp = SysCacheGetAttr(PROCOID, tuple, Anum_pg_proc_prosrc, &isnull);
 	if (isnull)
 		elog(ERROR, "null prosrc");
-	prosrc = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout, tmp));
+	prosrc = TextDatumGetCString(tmp);
 
 	if (!function_parse_error_transpose(prosrc))
 	{
diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_type.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_type.c
index a654f19dbbd..cdbd55c5292 100644
--- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_type.c
+++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_type.c
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
  *
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/catalog/pg_type.c,v 1.116 2008/03/19 18:38:30 tgl Exp $
+ *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/catalog/pg_type.c,v 1.117 2008/03/25 22:42:42 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -275,8 +275,7 @@ TypeCreate(Oid newTypeOid,
 	 * course.
 	 */
 	if (defaultTypeBin)
-		values[i] = DirectFunctionCall1(textin,
-										CStringGetDatum(defaultTypeBin));
+		values[i] = CStringGetTextDatum(defaultTypeBin);
 	else
 		nulls[i] = 'n';
 	i++;						/* typdefaultbin */
@@ -285,8 +284,7 @@ TypeCreate(Oid newTypeOid,
 	 * initialize the default value for this type.
 	 */
 	if (defaultTypeValue)
-		values[i] = DirectFunctionCall1(textin,
-										CStringGetDatum(defaultTypeValue));
+		values[i] = CStringGetTextDatum(defaultTypeValue);
 	else
 		nulls[i] = 'n';
 	i++;						/* typdefault */
diff --git a/src/backend/commands/comment.c b/src/backend/commands/comment.c
index 76c74cae1b6..ec7923d7673 100644
--- a/src/backend/commands/comment.c
+++ b/src/backend/commands/comment.c
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
  * Copyright (c) 1996-2008, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/commands/comment.c,v 1.100 2008/01/01 19:45:48 momjian Exp $
+ *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/commands/comment.c,v 1.101 2008/03/25 22:42:42 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -215,7 +215,7 @@ CreateComments(Oid oid, Oid classoid, int32 subid, char *comment)
 		values[i++] = ObjectIdGetDatum(oid);
 		values[i++] = ObjectIdGetDatum(classoid);
 		values[i++] = Int32GetDatum(subid);
-		values[i++] = DirectFunctionCall1(textin, CStringGetDatum(comment));
+		values[i++] = CStringGetTextDatum(comment);
 	}
 
 	/* Use the index to search for a matching old tuple */
@@ -314,7 +314,7 @@ CreateSharedComments(Oid oid, Oid classoid, char *comment)
 		i = 0;
 		values[i++] = ObjectIdGetDatum(oid);
 		values[i++] = ObjectIdGetDatum(classoid);
-		values[i++] = DirectFunctionCall1(textin, CStringGetDatum(comment));
+		values[i++] = CStringGetTextDatum(comment);
 	}
 
 	/* Use the index to search for a matching old tuple */
diff --git a/src/backend/commands/functioncmds.c b/src/backend/commands/functioncmds.c
index 066a8c9898e..c04ca079bdf 100644
--- a/src/backend/commands/functioncmds.c
+++ b/src/backend/commands/functioncmds.c
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
  *
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/commands/functioncmds.c,v 1.88 2008/01/01 19:45:49 momjian Exp $
+ *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/commands/functioncmds.c,v 1.89 2008/03/25 22:42:42 tgl Exp $
  *
  * DESCRIPTION
  *	  These routines take the parse tree and pick out the
@@ -237,8 +237,7 @@ examine_parameter_list(List *parameters, Oid languageOid,
 
 		if (fp->name && fp->name[0])
 		{
-			paramNames[i] = DirectFunctionCall1(textin,
-												CStringGetDatum(fp->name));
+			paramNames[i] = CStringGetTextDatum(fp->name);
 			have_names = true;
 		}
 
@@ -269,8 +268,7 @@ examine_parameter_list(List *parameters, Oid languageOid,
 		for (i = 0; i < parameterCount; i++)
 		{
 			if (paramNames[i] == PointerGetDatum(NULL))
-				paramNames[i] = DirectFunctionCall1(textin,
-													CStringGetDatum(""));
+				paramNames[i] = CStringGetTextDatum("");
 		}
 		*parameterNames = construct_array(paramNames, parameterCount, TEXTOID,
 										  -1, false, 'i');
diff --git a/src/backend/commands/prepare.c b/src/backend/commands/prepare.c
index 9db486581ed..e9a0aaf050d 100644
--- a/src/backend/commands/prepare.c
+++ b/src/backend/commands/prepare.c
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
  * Copyright (c) 2002-2008, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/commands/prepare.c,v 1.81 2008/03/25 19:26:53 neilc Exp $
+ *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/commands/prepare.c,v 1.82 2008/03/25 22:42:42 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -772,14 +772,12 @@ pg_prepared_statement(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 
 			MemSet(nulls, 0, sizeof(nulls));
 
-			values[0] = DirectFunctionCall1(textin,
-									  CStringGetDatum(prep_stmt->stmt_name));
+			values[0] = CStringGetTextDatum(prep_stmt->stmt_name);
 
 			if (prep_stmt->plansource->query_string == NULL)
 				nulls[1] = true;
 			else
-				values[1] = DirectFunctionCall1(textin,
-					   CStringGetDatum(prep_stmt->plansource->query_string));
+				values[1] = CStringGetTextDatum(prep_stmt->plansource->query_string);
 
 			values[2] = TimestampTzGetDatum(prep_stmt->prepare_time);
 			values[3] = build_regtype_array(prep_stmt->plansource->param_types,
diff --git a/src/backend/commands/proclang.c b/src/backend/commands/proclang.c
index fa79f55950b..8e90db37081 100644
--- a/src/backend/commands/proclang.c
+++ b/src/backend/commands/proclang.c
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
  * Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/commands/proclang.c,v 1.74 2008/01/01 19:45:49 momjian Exp $
+ *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/commands/proclang.c,v 1.75 2008/03/25 22:42:42 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -360,20 +360,17 @@ find_language_template(const char *languageName)
 		datum = heap_getattr(tup, Anum_pg_pltemplate_tmplhandler,
 							 RelationGetDescr(rel), &isnull);
 		if (!isnull)
-			result->tmplhandler =
-				DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout, datum));
+			result->tmplhandler = TextDatumGetCString(datum);
 
 		datum = heap_getattr(tup, Anum_pg_pltemplate_tmplvalidator,
 							 RelationGetDescr(rel), &isnull);
 		if (!isnull)
-			result->tmplvalidator =
-				DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout, datum));
+			result->tmplvalidator = TextDatumGetCString(datum);
 
 		datum = heap_getattr(tup, Anum_pg_pltemplate_tmpllibrary,
 							 RelationGetDescr(rel), &isnull);
 		if (!isnull)
-			result->tmpllibrary =
-				DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout, datum));
+			result->tmpllibrary = TextDatumGetCString(datum);
 
 		/* Ignore template if handler or library info is missing */
 		if (!result->tmplhandler || !result->tmpllibrary)
diff --git a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c
index bd7786a918d..a11a6844cbd 100644
--- a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c
+++ b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
  *
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c,v 1.243 2008/03/19 18:38:30 tgl Exp $
+ *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c,v 1.244 2008/03/25 22:42:42 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -6183,7 +6183,7 @@ decompile_conbin(HeapTuple contup, TupleDesc tupdesc)
 
 	expr = DirectFunctionCall2(pg_get_expr, attr,
 							   ObjectIdGetDatum(con->conrelid));
-	return DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout, expr));
+	return TextDatumGetCString(expr);
 }
 
 /*
diff --git a/src/backend/commands/tablespace.c b/src/backend/commands/tablespace.c
index d8bff7c3220..8845bae8427 100644
--- a/src/backend/commands/tablespace.c
+++ b/src/backend/commands/tablespace.c
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@
  *
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/commands/tablespace.c,v 1.53 2008/01/01 19:45:49 momjian Exp $
+ *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/commands/tablespace.c,v 1.54 2008/03/25 22:42:43 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -282,7 +282,7 @@ CreateTableSpace(CreateTableSpaceStmt *stmt)
 	values[Anum_pg_tablespace_spcowner - 1] =
 		ObjectIdGetDatum(ownerId);
 	values[Anum_pg_tablespace_spclocation - 1] =
-		DirectFunctionCall1(textin, CStringGetDatum(location));
+		CStringGetTextDatum(location);
 	nulls[Anum_pg_tablespace_spcacl - 1] = 'n';
 
 	tuple = heap_formtuple(rel->rd_att, values, nulls);
diff --git a/src/backend/commands/tsearchcmds.c b/src/backend/commands/tsearchcmds.c
index 1ec63114ab5..c1e63260a3b 100644
--- a/src/backend/commands/tsearchcmds.c
+++ b/src/backend/commands/tsearchcmds.c
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
  *
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/commands/tsearchcmds.c,v 1.9 2008/01/01 19:45:49 momjian Exp $
+ *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/commands/tsearchcmds.c,v 1.10 2008/03/25 22:42:43 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -1999,7 +1999,7 @@ serialize_deflist(List *deflist)
 			appendStringInfo(&buf, ", ");
 	}
 
-	result = CStringGetTextP(buf.data);
+	result = cstring_to_text_with_len(buf.data, buf.len);
 	pfree(buf.data);
 	return result;
 }
@@ -2099,7 +2099,7 @@ deserialize_deflist(Datum txt)
 					ereport(ERROR,
 							(errcode(ERRCODE_SYNTAX_ERROR),
 							 errmsg("invalid parameter list format: \"%s\"",
-									TextPGetCString(in))));
+									text_to_cstring(in))));
 				break;
 			case CS_WAITVALUE:
 				if (*ptr == '\'')
@@ -2210,7 +2210,7 @@ deserialize_deflist(Datum txt)
 		ereport(ERROR,
 				(errcode(ERRCODE_SYNTAX_ERROR),
 				 errmsg("invalid parameter list format: \"%s\"",
-						TextPGetCString(in))));
+						text_to_cstring(in))));
 
 	pfree(workspace);
 
diff --git a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c
index 982588e04a6..d67ae2c2db8 100644
--- a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c
+++ b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
  *
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c,v 1.114 2008/03/19 18:38:30 tgl Exp $
+ *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c,v 1.115 2008/03/25 22:42:43 tgl Exp $
  *
  * DESCRIPTION
  *	  The "DefineFoo" routines take the parse tree and pick out the
@@ -697,13 +697,13 @@ DefineDomain(CreateDomainStmt *stmt)
 	datum = SysCacheGetAttr(TYPEOID, typeTup,
 							Anum_pg_type_typdefault, &isnull);
 	if (!isnull)
-		defaultValue = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout, datum));
+		defaultValue = TextDatumGetCString(datum);
 
 	/* Inherited default binary value */
 	datum = SysCacheGetAttr(TYPEOID, typeTup,
 							Anum_pg_type_typdefaultbin, &isnull);
 	if (!isnull)
-		defaultValueBin = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout, datum));
+		defaultValueBin = TextDatumGetCString(datum);
 
 	/*
 	 * Run through constraints manually to avoid the additional processing
@@ -1497,12 +1497,10 @@ AlterDomainDefault(List *names, Node *defaultRaw)
 			/*
 			 * Form an updated tuple with the new default and write it back.
 			 */
-			new_record[Anum_pg_type_typdefaultbin - 1] = DirectFunctionCall1(textin,
-								 CStringGetDatum(nodeToString(defaultExpr)));
+			new_record[Anum_pg_type_typdefaultbin - 1] = CStringGetTextDatum(nodeToString(defaultExpr));
 
 			new_record_repl[Anum_pg_type_typdefaultbin - 1] = 'r';
-			new_record[Anum_pg_type_typdefault - 1] = DirectFunctionCall1(textin,
-											  CStringGetDatum(defaultValue));
+			new_record[Anum_pg_type_typdefault - 1] = CStringGetTextDatum(defaultValue);
 			new_record_repl[Anum_pg_type_typdefault - 1] = 'r';
 		}
 	}
@@ -2292,9 +2290,7 @@ GetDomainConstraints(Oid typeOid)
 				elog(ERROR, "domain \"%s\" constraint \"%s\" has NULL conbin",
 					 NameStr(typTup->typname), NameStr(c->conname));
 
-			check_expr = (Expr *)
-				stringToNode(DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout,
-																 val)));
+			check_expr = (Expr *) stringToNode(TextDatumGetCString(val));
 
 			/* ExecInitExpr assumes we already fixed opfuncids */
 			fix_opfuncids((Node *) check_expr);
diff --git a/src/backend/commands/user.c b/src/backend/commands/user.c
index 2b790227f32..77432927d3d 100644
--- a/src/backend/commands/user.c
+++ b/src/backend/commands/user.c
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
  * Portions Copyright (c) 1996-2008, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
  * Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
  *
- * $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/commands/user.c,v 1.179 2008/03/24 19:47:35 tgl Exp $
+ * $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/commands/user.c,v 1.180 2008/03/25 22:42:43 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -311,14 +311,14 @@ CreateRole(CreateRoleStmt *stmt)
 	{
 		if (!encrypt_password || isMD5(password))
 			new_record[Anum_pg_authid_rolpassword - 1] =
-				DirectFunctionCall1(textin, CStringGetDatum(password));
+				CStringGetTextDatum(password);
 		else
 		{
 			if (!pg_md5_encrypt(password, stmt->role, strlen(stmt->role),
 								encrypted_password))
 				elog(ERROR, "password encryption failed");
 			new_record[Anum_pg_authid_rolpassword - 1] =
-				DirectFunctionCall1(textin, CStringGetDatum(encrypted_password));
+				CStringGetTextDatum(encrypted_password);
 		}
 	}
 	else
@@ -639,14 +639,14 @@ AlterRole(AlterRoleStmt *stmt)
 	{
 		if (!encrypt_password || isMD5(password))
 			new_record[Anum_pg_authid_rolpassword - 1] =
-				DirectFunctionCall1(textin, CStringGetDatum(password));
+				CStringGetTextDatum(password);
 		else
 		{
 			if (!pg_md5_encrypt(password, stmt->role, strlen(stmt->role),
 								encrypted_password))
 				elog(ERROR, "password encryption failed");
 			new_record[Anum_pg_authid_rolpassword - 1] =
-				DirectFunctionCall1(textin, CStringGetDatum(encrypted_password));
+				CStringGetTextDatum(encrypted_password);
 		}
 		new_record_repl[Anum_pg_authid_rolpassword - 1] = 'r';
 	}
@@ -1060,7 +1060,7 @@ RenameRole(const char *oldname, const char *newname)
 
 	datum = heap_getattr(oldtuple, Anum_pg_authid_rolpassword, dsc, &isnull);
 
-	if (!isnull && isMD5(DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout, datum))))
+	if (!isnull && isMD5(TextDatumGetCString(datum)))
 	{
 		/* MD5 uses the username as salt, so just clear it on a rename */
 		repl_repl[Anum_pg_authid_rolpassword - 1] = 'r';
diff --git a/src/backend/executor/execCurrent.c b/src/backend/executor/execCurrent.c
index 3523ac7ae90..f775092896d 100644
--- a/src/backend/executor/execCurrent.c
+++ b/src/backend/executor/execCurrent.c
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
  * Portions Copyright (c) 1996-2008, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
  * Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
  *
- *	$PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/executor/execCurrent.c,v 1.5 2008/01/01 19:45:49 momjian Exp $
+ *	$PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/executor/execCurrent.c,v 1.6 2008/03/25 22:42:43 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -150,8 +150,7 @@ fetch_param_value(ExprContext *econtext, int paramId)
 		{
 			Assert(prm->ptype == REFCURSOROID);
 			/* We know that refcursor uses text's I/O routines */
-			return DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout,
-													   prm->value));
+			return TextDatumGetCString(prm->value);
 		}
 	}
 
diff --git a/src/backend/executor/execQual.c b/src/backend/executor/execQual.c
index 97d22dc2cd3..d142796815b 100644
--- a/src/backend/executor/execQual.c
+++ b/src/backend/executor/execQual.c
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
  *
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/executor/execQual.c,v 1.227 2008/03/25 19:26:53 neilc Exp $
+ *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/executor/execQual.c,v 1.228 2008/03/25 22:42:43 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -3039,13 +3039,7 @@ ExecEvalXml(XmlExprState *xmlExpr, ExprContext *econtext,
 	if (*isNull)
 		result = NULL;
 	else
-	{
-		int			len = buf.len + VARHDRSZ;
-
-		result = palloc(len);
-		SET_VARSIZE(result, len);
-		memcpy(VARDATA(result), buf.data, buf.len);
-	}
+		result = cstring_to_text_with_len(buf.data, buf.len);
 
 	pfree(buf.data);
 	return PointerGetDatum(result);
diff --git a/src/backend/executor/functions.c b/src/backend/executor/functions.c
index da6976b62f7..678b43927d7 100644
--- a/src/backend/executor/functions.c
+++ b/src/backend/executor/functions.c
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
  *
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/executor/functions.c,v 1.121 2008/03/18 22:04:14 tgl Exp $
+ *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/executor/functions.c,v 1.122 2008/03/25 22:42:43 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ init_sql_fcache(FmgrInfo *finfo)
 						  &isNull);
 	if (isNull)
 		elog(ERROR, "null prosrc for function %u", foid);
-	fcache->src = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout, tmp));
+	fcache->src = TextDatumGetCString(tmp);
 
 	/*
 	 * Parse and rewrite the queries in the function text.
@@ -777,7 +777,7 @@ sql_exec_error_callback(void *arg)
 							  &isnull);
 		if (isnull)
 			elog(ERROR, "null prosrc");
-		prosrc = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout, tmp));
+		prosrc = TextDatumGetCString(tmp);
 		errposition(0);
 		internalerrposition(syntaxerrposition);
 		internalerrquery(prosrc);
diff --git a/src/backend/executor/nodeAgg.c b/src/backend/executor/nodeAgg.c
index 0fac11a5371..8ddcf868699 100644
--- a/src/backend/executor/nodeAgg.c
+++ b/src/backend/executor/nodeAgg.c
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@
  * Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/executor/nodeAgg.c,v 1.156 2008/01/11 18:39:40 tgl Exp $
+ *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/executor/nodeAgg.c,v 1.157 2008/03/25 22:42:43 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -1549,7 +1549,7 @@ GetAggInitVal(Datum textInitVal, Oid transtype)
 	Datum		initVal;
 
 	getTypeInputInfo(transtype, &typinput, &typioparam);
-	strInitVal = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout, textInitVal));
+	strInitVal = TextDatumGetCString(textInitVal);
 	initVal = OidInputFunctionCall(typinput, strInitVal,
 								   typioparam, -1);
 	pfree(strInitVal);
diff --git a/src/backend/libpq/be-fsstubs.c b/src/backend/libpq/be-fsstubs.c
index e2477a1dd14..a7d746ae58c 100644
--- a/src/backend/libpq/be-fsstubs.c
+++ b/src/backend/libpq/be-fsstubs.c
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
  *
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/libpq/be-fsstubs.c,v 1.88 2008/03/22 01:55:14 ishii Exp $
+ *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/libpq/be-fsstubs.c,v 1.89 2008/03/25 22:42:43 tgl Exp $
  *
  * NOTES
  *	  This should be moved to a more appropriate place.  It is here
@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@
 #include "miscadmin.h"
 #include "storage/fd.h"
 #include "storage/large_object.h"
+#include "utils/builtins.h"
 #include "utils/memutils.h"
 
 
@@ -320,7 +321,7 @@ lowrite(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 Datum
 lo_import(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
-	text	   *filename = PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0);
+	text	   *filename = PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0);
 
 	PG_RETURN_OID(lo_import_internal(filename, InvalidOid));
 }
@@ -332,7 +333,7 @@ lo_import(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 Datum
 lo_import_with_oid(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
-	text	   *filename = PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0);
+	text	   *filename = PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0);
 	Oid		   oid = PG_GETARG_OID(1);
 
 	PG_RETURN_OID(lo_import_internal(filename, oid));
@@ -362,11 +363,7 @@ lo_import_internal(text *filename, Oid lobjOid)
 	/*
 	 * open the file to be read in
 	 */
-	nbytes = VARSIZE(filename) - VARHDRSZ;
-	if (nbytes >= MAXPGPATH)
-		nbytes = MAXPGPATH - 1;
-	memcpy(fnamebuf, VARDATA(filename), nbytes);
-	fnamebuf[nbytes] = '\0';
+	text_to_cstring_buffer(filename, fnamebuf, sizeof(fnamebuf));
 	fd = PathNameOpenFile(fnamebuf, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0666);
 	if (fd < 0)
 		ereport(ERROR,
@@ -410,7 +407,7 @@ Datum
 lo_export(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
 	Oid			lobjId = PG_GETARG_OID(0);
-	text	   *filename = PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(1);
+	text	   *filename = PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(1);
 	File		fd;
 	int			nbytes,
 				tmp;
@@ -441,11 +438,7 @@ lo_export(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	 * 022. This code used to drop it all the way to 0, but creating
 	 * world-writable export files doesn't seem wise.
 	 */
-	nbytes = VARSIZE(filename) - VARHDRSZ;
-	if (nbytes >= MAXPGPATH)
-		nbytes = MAXPGPATH - 1;
-	memcpy(fnamebuf, VARDATA(filename), nbytes);
-	fnamebuf[nbytes] = '\0';
+	text_to_cstring_buffer(filename, fnamebuf, sizeof(fnamebuf));
 	oumask = umask((mode_t) 0022);
 	fd = PathNameOpenFile(fnamebuf, O_CREAT | O_WRONLY | O_TRUNC | PG_BINARY, 0666);
 	umask(oumask);
diff --git a/src/backend/optimizer/path/indxpath.c b/src/backend/optimizer/path/indxpath.c
index 8a2e808cc30..189793c2cc7 100644
--- a/src/backend/optimizer/path/indxpath.c
+++ b/src/backend/optimizer/path/indxpath.c
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
  *
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/optimizer/path/indxpath.c,v 1.227 2008/02/07 17:53:53 tgl Exp $
+ *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/optimizer/path/indxpath.c,v 1.228 2008/03/25 22:42:43 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -2711,8 +2711,7 @@ prefix_quals(Node *leftop, Oid opfamily,
 		switch (prefix_const->consttype)
 		{
 			case TEXTOID:
-				prefix = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout,
-												  prefix_const->constvalue));
+				prefix = TextDatumGetCString(prefix_const->constvalue);
 				break;
 			case BYTEAOID:
 				prefix = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(byteaout,
@@ -2868,15 +2867,15 @@ static Datum
 string_to_datum(const char *str, Oid datatype)
 {
 	/*
-	 * We cheat a little by assuming that textin() will do for bpchar and
-	 * varchar constants too...
+	 * We cheat a little by assuming that CStringGetTextDatum() will do for
+	 * bpchar and varchar constants too...
 	 */
 	if (datatype == NAMEOID)
 		return DirectFunctionCall1(namein, CStringGetDatum(str));
 	else if (datatype == BYTEAOID)
 		return DirectFunctionCall1(byteain, CStringGetDatum(str));
 	else
-		return DirectFunctionCall1(textin, CStringGetDatum(str));
+		return CStringGetTextDatum(str);
 }
 
 /*
diff --git a/src/backend/optimizer/util/clauses.c b/src/backend/optimizer/util/clauses.c
index 818894886a5..95e5077d38c 100644
--- a/src/backend/optimizer/util/clauses.c
+++ b/src/backend/optimizer/util/clauses.c
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
  *
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/optimizer/util/clauses.c,v 1.255 2008/03/18 22:04:14 tgl Exp $
+ *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/optimizer/util/clauses.c,v 1.256 2008/03/25 22:42:43 tgl Exp $
  *
  * HISTORY
  *	  AUTHOR			DATE			MAJOR EVENT
@@ -3002,7 +3002,7 @@ inline_function(Oid funcid, Oid result_type, List *args,
 						  &isNull);
 	if (isNull)
 		elog(ERROR, "null prosrc for function %u", funcid);
-	src = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout, tmp));
+	src = TextDatumGetCString(tmp);
 
 	/*
 	 * We just do parsing and parse analysis, not rewriting, because rewriting
@@ -3227,7 +3227,7 @@ sql_inline_error_callback(void *arg)
 							  &isnull);
 		if (isnull)
 			elog(ERROR, "null prosrc");
-		prosrc = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout, tmp));
+		prosrc = TextDatumGetCString(tmp);
 		errposition(0);
 		internalerrposition(syntaxerrposition);
 		internalerrquery(prosrc);
@@ -3454,7 +3454,7 @@ inline_set_returning_function(PlannerInfo *root, Node *node)
 						  &isNull);
 	if (isNull)
 		elog(ERROR, "null prosrc for function %u", fexpr->funcid);
-	src = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout, tmp));
+	src = TextDatumGetCString(tmp);
 
 	/*
 	 * Parse, analyze, and rewrite (unlike inline_function(), we can't
diff --git a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c
index e2699592970..88fba239cdb 100644
--- a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c
+++ b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
  * Portions Copyright (c) 1996-2008, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
  * Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
  *
- *	$PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c,v 2.10 2008/03/21 22:10:56 tgl Exp $
+ *	$PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c,v 2.11 2008/03/25 22:42:43 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -811,7 +811,7 @@ generateClonedIndexStmt(CreateStmtContext *cxt, Relation source_idx,
 	{
 		char	   *exprsString;
 
-		exprsString = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout, datum));
+		exprsString = TextDatumGetCString(datum);
 		indexprs = (List *) stringToNode(exprsString);
 	}
 	else
@@ -904,7 +904,7 @@ generateClonedIndexStmt(CreateStmtContext *cxt, Relation source_idx,
 		char	   *pred_str;
 
 		/* Convert text string to node tree */
-		pred_str = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout, datum));
+		pred_str = TextDatumGetCString(datum);
 		index->whereClause = (Node *) stringToNode(pred_str);
 		/* Adjust attribute numbers */
 		change_varattnos_of_a_node(index->whereClause, attmap);
diff --git a/src/backend/rewrite/rewriteDefine.c b/src/backend/rewrite/rewriteDefine.c
index 75a2e0b824b..c96512ef31c 100644
--- a/src/backend/rewrite/rewriteDefine.c
+++ b/src/backend/rewrite/rewriteDefine.c
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
  *
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/rewrite/rewriteDefine.c,v 1.124 2008/01/01 19:45:51 momjian Exp $
+ *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/rewrite/rewriteDefine.c,v 1.125 2008/03/25 22:42:43 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -83,8 +83,8 @@ InsertRule(char *rulname,
 	values[i++] = CharGetDatum(evtype + '0');	/* ev_type */
 	values[i++] = CharGetDatum(RULE_FIRES_ON_ORIGIN);	/* ev_enabled */
 	values[i++] = BoolGetDatum(evinstead);		/* is_instead */
-	values[i++] = DirectFunctionCall1(textin, CStringGetDatum(evqual)); /* ev_qual */
-	values[i++] = DirectFunctionCall1(textin, CStringGetDatum(actiontree));		/* ev_action */
+	values[i++] = CStringGetTextDatum(evqual);	/* ev_qual */
+	values[i++] = CStringGetTextDatum(actiontree);		/* ev_action */
 
 	/*
 	 * Ready to store new pg_rewrite tuple
diff --git a/src/backend/tsearch/dict.c b/src/backend/tsearch/dict.c
index c17194f689c..34b26528afa 100644
--- a/src/backend/tsearch/dict.c
+++ b/src/backend/tsearch/dict.c
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
  *
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/tsearch/dict.c,v 1.4 2008/01/01 19:45:52 momjian Exp $
+ *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/tsearch/dict.c,v 1.5 2008/03/25 22:42:43 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ ts_lexize(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	ptr = res;
 	while (ptr->lexeme)
 	{
-		da[ptr - res] = DirectFunctionCall1(textin, CStringGetDatum(ptr->lexeme));
+		da[ptr - res] = CStringGetTextDatum(ptr->lexeme);
 		ptr++;
 	}
 
diff --git a/src/backend/tsearch/to_tsany.c b/src/backend/tsearch/to_tsany.c
index 5e1f82ba59c..a217ff0c5bc 100644
--- a/src/backend/tsearch/to_tsany.c
+++ b/src/backend/tsearch/to_tsany.c
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
  *
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/tsearch/to_tsany.c,v 1.10 2008/03/07 14:30:20 teodor Exp $
+ *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/tsearch/to_tsany.c,v 1.11 2008/03/25 22:42:43 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -337,7 +337,7 @@ to_tsquery_byid(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	QueryItem  *res;
 	int4		len;
 
-	query = parse_tsquery(TextPGetCString(in), pushval_morph, ObjectIdGetDatum(cfgid), false);
+	query = parse_tsquery(text_to_cstring(in), pushval_morph, ObjectIdGetDatum(cfgid), false);
 
 	if (query->size == 0)
 		PG_RETURN_TSQUERY(query);
@@ -387,7 +387,7 @@ plainto_tsquery_byid(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	QueryItem  *res;
 	int4		len;
 
-	query = parse_tsquery(TextPGetCString(in), pushval_morph, ObjectIdGetDatum(cfgid), true);
+	query = parse_tsquery(text_to_cstring(in), pushval_morph, ObjectIdGetDatum(cfgid), true);
 
 	if (query->size == 0)
 		PG_RETURN_TSQUERY(query);
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/acl.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/acl.c
index 65d7794b4e4..3cf54e58750 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/acl.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/acl.c
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
  *
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/adt/acl.c,v 1.139 2008/01/01 19:45:52 momjian Exp $
+ *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/adt/acl.c,v 1.140 2008/03/25 22:42:43 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -1313,10 +1313,7 @@ makeaclitem(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 static AclMode
 convert_priv_string(text *priv_type_text)
 {
-	char	   *priv_type;
-
-	priv_type = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout,
-										   PointerGetDatum(priv_type_text)));
+	char	   *priv_type = text_to_cstring(priv_type_text);
 
 	if (pg_strcasecmp(priv_type, "SELECT") == 0)
 		return ACL_SELECT;
@@ -1526,10 +1523,7 @@ convert_table_name(text *tablename)
 static AclMode
 convert_table_priv_string(text *priv_type_text)
 {
-	char	   *priv_type;
-
-	priv_type = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout,
-										   PointerGetDatum(priv_type_text)));
+	char	   *priv_type = text_to_cstring(priv_type_text);
 
 	/*
 	 * Return mode from priv_type string
@@ -1736,12 +1730,9 @@ has_database_privilege_id_id(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 static Oid
 convert_database_name(text *databasename)
 {
-	char	   *dbname;
+	char	   *dbname = text_to_cstring(databasename);
 	Oid			oid;
 
-	dbname = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout,
-											 PointerGetDatum(databasename)));
-
 	oid = get_database_oid(dbname);
 	if (!OidIsValid(oid))
 		ereport(ERROR,
@@ -1758,10 +1749,7 @@ convert_database_name(text *databasename)
 static AclMode
 convert_database_priv_string(text *priv_type_text)
 {
-	char	   *priv_type;
-
-	priv_type = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout,
-										   PointerGetDatum(priv_type_text)));
+	char	   *priv_type = text_to_cstring(priv_type_text);
 
 	/*
 	 * Return mode from priv_type string
@@ -1953,12 +1941,9 @@ has_function_privilege_id_id(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 static Oid
 convert_function_name(text *functionname)
 {
-	char	   *funcname;
+	char	   *funcname = text_to_cstring(functionname);
 	Oid			oid;
 
-	funcname = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout,
-											 PointerGetDatum(functionname)));
-
 	oid = DatumGetObjectId(DirectFunctionCall1(regprocedurein,
 											   CStringGetDatum(funcname)));
 
@@ -1977,10 +1962,7 @@ convert_function_name(text *functionname)
 static AclMode
 convert_function_priv_string(text *priv_type_text)
 {
-	char	   *priv_type;
-
-	priv_type = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout,
-										   PointerGetDatum(priv_type_text)));
+	char	   *priv_type = text_to_cstring(priv_type_text);
 
 	/*
 	 * Return mode from priv_type string
@@ -2157,12 +2139,9 @@ has_language_privilege_id_id(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 static Oid
 convert_language_name(text *languagename)
 {
-	char	   *langname;
+	char	   *langname = text_to_cstring(languagename);
 	Oid			oid;
 
-	langname = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout,
-											 PointerGetDatum(languagename)));
-
 	oid = GetSysCacheOid(LANGNAME,
 						 CStringGetDatum(langname),
 						 0, 0, 0);
@@ -2181,10 +2160,7 @@ convert_language_name(text *languagename)
 static AclMode
 convert_language_priv_string(text *priv_type_text)
 {
-	char	   *priv_type;
-
-	priv_type = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout,
-										   PointerGetDatum(priv_type_text)));
+	char	   *priv_type = text_to_cstring(priv_type_text);
 
 	/*
 	 * Return mode from priv_type string
@@ -2361,12 +2337,9 @@ has_schema_privilege_id_id(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 static Oid
 convert_schema_name(text *schemaname)
 {
-	char	   *nspname;
+	char	   *nspname = text_to_cstring(schemaname);
 	Oid			oid;
 
-	nspname = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout,
-											   PointerGetDatum(schemaname)));
-
 	oid = GetSysCacheOid(NAMESPACENAME,
 						 CStringGetDatum(nspname),
 						 0, 0, 0);
@@ -2385,10 +2358,7 @@ convert_schema_name(text *schemaname)
 static AclMode
 convert_schema_priv_string(text *priv_type_text)
 {
-	char	   *priv_type;
-
-	priv_type = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout,
-										   PointerGetDatum(priv_type_text)));
+	char	   *priv_type = text_to_cstring(priv_type_text);
 
 	/*
 	 * Return mode from priv_type string
@@ -2569,11 +2539,9 @@ has_tablespace_privilege_id_id(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 static Oid
 convert_tablespace_name(text *tablespacename)
 {
-	char	   *spcname;
+	char	   *spcname = text_to_cstring(tablespacename);
 	Oid			oid;
 
-	spcname = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout,
-										   PointerGetDatum(tablespacename)));
 	oid = get_tablespace_oid(spcname);
 
 	if (!OidIsValid(oid))
@@ -2591,10 +2559,7 @@ convert_tablespace_name(text *tablespacename)
 static AclMode
 convert_tablespace_priv_string(text *priv_type_text)
 {
-	char	   *priv_type;
-
-	priv_type = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout,
-										   PointerGetDatum(priv_type_text)));
+	char	   *priv_type = text_to_cstring(priv_type_text);
 
 	/*
 	 * Return mode from priv_type string
@@ -2777,10 +2742,7 @@ pg_has_role_id_id(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 static AclMode
 convert_role_priv_string(text *priv_type_text)
 {
-	char	   *priv_type;
-
-	priv_type = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout,
-										   PointerGetDatum(priv_type_text)));
+	char	   *priv_type = text_to_cstring(priv_type_text);
 
 	/*
 	 * Return mode from priv_type string
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/arrayfuncs.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/arrayfuncs.c
index b2beb18bc5f..f34ee3b773e 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/arrayfuncs.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/arrayfuncs.c
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
  *
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/adt/arrayfuncs.c,v 1.141 2008/02/29 20:58:33 alvherre Exp $
+ *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/adt/arrayfuncs.c,v 1.142 2008/03/25 22:42:43 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -1533,39 +1533,33 @@ Datum
 array_dims(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
 	ArrayType  *v = PG_GETARG_ARRAYTYPE_P(0);
-	text	   *result;
 	char	   *p;
-	int			nbytes,
-				i;
+	int			i;
 	int		   *dimv,
 			   *lb;
 
-	/* Sanity check: does it look like an array at all? */
-	if (ARR_NDIM(v) <= 0 || ARR_NDIM(v) > MAXDIM)
-		PG_RETURN_NULL();
-
-	nbytes = ARR_NDIM(v) * 33 + 1;
-
 	/*
 	 * 33 since we assume 15 digits per number + ':' +'[]'
 	 *
-	 * +1 allows for temp trailing null
+	 * +1 for trailing null
 	 */
+	char		buf[MAXDIM * 33 + 1];
 
-	result = (text *) palloc(nbytes + VARHDRSZ);
-	p = VARDATA(result);
+	/* Sanity check: does it look like an array at all? */
+	if (ARR_NDIM(v) <= 0 || ARR_NDIM(v) > MAXDIM)
+		PG_RETURN_NULL();
 
 	dimv = ARR_DIMS(v);
 	lb = ARR_LBOUND(v);
 
+	p = buf;
 	for (i = 0; i < ARR_NDIM(v); i++)
 	{
 		sprintf(p, "[%d:%d]", lb[i], dimv[i] + lb[i] - 1);
 		p += strlen(p);
 	}
-	SET_VARSIZE(result, strlen(VARDATA(result)) + VARHDRSZ);
 
-	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(result);
+	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(cstring_to_text(buf));
 }
 
 /*
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/bool.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/bool.c
index 7261ab3e406..4ba234c62c6 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/bool.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/bool.c
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
  *
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/adt/bool.c,v 1.42 2008/01/01 19:45:52 momjian Exp $
+ *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/adt/bool.c,v 1.43 2008/03/25 22:42:43 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -152,14 +152,14 @@ Datum
 booltext(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
 	bool		arg1 = PG_GETARG_BOOL(0);
-	char	   *str;
+	const char *str;
 
 	if (arg1)
 		str = "true";
 	else
 		str = "false";
 
-	PG_RETURN_DATUM(DirectFunctionCall1(textin, CStringGetDatum(str)));
+	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(cstring_to_text(str));
 }
 
 
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/cash.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/cash.c
index df5d7bf8629..84e8c742ec5 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/cash.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/cash.c
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
  * this version handles 64 bit numbers and so can hold values up to
  * $92,233,720,368,547,758.07.
  *
- * $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/adt/cash.c,v 1.77 2007/11/24 16:18:48 momjian Exp $
+ * $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/adt/cash.c,v 1.78 2008/03/25 22:42:43 tgl Exp $
  */
 
 #include "postgres.h"
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
 #include <locale.h>
 
 #include "libpq/pqformat.h"
+#include "utils/builtins.h"
 #include "utils/cash.h"
 #include "utils/pg_locale.h"
 
@@ -796,7 +797,6 @@ cash_words(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	Cash		m4;
 	Cash		m5;
 	Cash		m6;
-	text	   *result;
 
 	/* work with positive numbers */
 	if (value < 0)
@@ -862,10 +862,6 @@ cash_words(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	/* capitalize output */
 	buf[0] = pg_toupper((unsigned char) buf[0]);
 
-	/* make a text type for output */
-	result = (text *) palloc(strlen(buf) + VARHDRSZ);
-	SET_VARSIZE(result, strlen(buf) + VARHDRSZ);
-	memcpy(VARDATA(result), buf, strlen(buf));
-
-	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(result);
+	/* return as text datum */
+	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(cstring_to_text(buf));
 }
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/date.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/date.c
index 5b6b9ebfa97..e7374388dd1 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/date.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/date.c
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
  *
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/adt/date.c,v 1.140 2008/03/21 01:31:42 tgl Exp $
+ *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/adt/date.c,v 1.141 2008/03/25 22:42:43 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -1594,15 +1594,15 @@ time_mi_interval(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 Datum
 time_part(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
-	text	   *units = PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0);
+	text	   *units = PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0);
 	TimeADT		time = PG_GETARG_TIMEADT(1);
 	float8		result;
 	int			type,
 				val;
 	char	   *lowunits;
 
-	lowunits = downcase_truncate_identifier(VARDATA(units),
-											VARSIZE(units) - VARHDRSZ,
+	lowunits = downcase_truncate_identifier(VARDATA_ANY(units),
+											VARSIZE_ANY_EXHDR(units),
 											false);
 
 	type = DecodeUnits(0, lowunits, &val);
@@ -1666,9 +1666,7 @@ time_part(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 				ereport(ERROR,
 						(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
 						 errmsg("\"time\" units \"%s\" not recognized",
-								DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout,
-												 PointerGetDatum(units))))));
-
+								lowunits)));
 				result = 0;
 		}
 	}
@@ -1685,8 +1683,7 @@ time_part(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 		ereport(ERROR,
 				(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
 				 errmsg("\"time\" units \"%s\" not recognized",
-						DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout,
-												 PointerGetDatum(units))))));
+						lowunits)));
 		result = 0;
 	}
 
@@ -2323,15 +2320,15 @@ datetimetz_timestamptz(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 Datum
 timetz_part(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
-	text	   *units = PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0);
+	text	   *units = PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0);
 	TimeTzADT  *time = PG_GETARG_TIMETZADT_P(1);
 	float8		result;
 	int			type,
 				val;
 	char	   *lowunits;
 
-	lowunits = downcase_truncate_identifier(VARDATA(units),
-											VARSIZE(units) - VARHDRSZ,
+	lowunits = downcase_truncate_identifier(VARDATA_ANY(units),
+											VARSIZE_ANY_EXHDR(units),
 											false);
 
 	type = DecodeUnits(0, lowunits, &val);
@@ -2408,9 +2405,7 @@ timetz_part(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 				ereport(ERROR,
 						(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
 				errmsg("\"time with time zone\" units \"%s\" not recognized",
-					   DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout,
-												 PointerGetDatum(units))))));
-
+					   lowunits)));
 				result = 0;
 		}
 	}
@@ -2427,9 +2422,7 @@ timetz_part(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 		ereport(ERROR,
 				(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
 				 errmsg("\"time with time zone\" units \"%s\" not recognized",
-						DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout,
-												 PointerGetDatum(units))))));
-
+						lowunits)));
 		result = 0;
 	}
 
@@ -2443,12 +2436,11 @@ timetz_part(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 Datum
 timetz_zone(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
-	text	   *zone = PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0);
+	text	   *zone = PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0);
 	TimeTzADT  *t = PG_GETARG_TIMETZADT_P(1);
 	TimeTzADT  *result;
 	int			tz;
 	char		tzname[TZ_STRLEN_MAX + 1];
-	int			len;
 	pg_tz	   *tzp;
 
 	/*
@@ -2456,9 +2448,7 @@ timetz_zone(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	 * (to handle cases like "America/New_York"), and if that fails, we look
 	 * in the date token table (to handle cases like "EST").
 	 */
-	len = Min(VARSIZE(zone) - VARHDRSZ, TZ_STRLEN_MAX);
-	memcpy(tzname, VARDATA(zone), len);
-	tzname[len] = '\0';
+	text_to_cstring_buffer(zone, tzname, sizeof(tzname));
 	tzp = pg_tzset(tzname);
 	if (tzp)
 	{
@@ -2475,8 +2465,8 @@ timetz_zone(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 		int			type,
 					val;
 
-		lowzone = downcase_truncate_identifier(VARDATA(zone),
-											   VARSIZE(zone) - VARHDRSZ,
+		lowzone = downcase_truncate_identifier(tzname,
+											   strlen(tzname),
 											   false);
 		type = DecodeSpecial(0, lowzone, &val);
 
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/datetime.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/datetime.c
index 08f21b46b0a..ef6a87d3a83 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/datetime.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/datetime.c
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
  *
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/adt/datetime.c,v 1.187 2008/02/25 23:36:28 tgl Exp $
+ *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/adt/datetime.c,v 1.188 2008/03/25 22:42:43 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -3910,7 +3910,7 @@ pg_timezone_abbrevs(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	for (p = (unsigned char *) buffer; *p; p++)
 		*p = pg_toupper(*p);
 
-	values[0] = DirectFunctionCall1(textin, CStringGetDatum(buffer));
+	values[0] = CStringGetTextDatum(buffer);
 
 	MemSet(&tm, 0, sizeof(struct pg_tm));
 	tm.tm_min = (-1) * FROMVAL(&timezonetktbl[*pindex]);
@@ -4020,11 +4020,8 @@ pg_timezone_names(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 
 	MemSet(nulls, 0, sizeof(nulls));
 
-	values[0] = DirectFunctionCall1(textin,
-								  CStringGetDatum(pg_get_timezone_name(tz)));
-
-	values[1] = DirectFunctionCall1(textin,
-									CStringGetDatum(tzn ? tzn : ""));
+	values[0] = CStringGetTextDatum(pg_get_timezone_name(tz));
+	values[1] = CStringGetTextDatum(tzn ? tzn : "");
 
 	MemSet(&itm, 0, sizeof(struct pg_tm));
 	itm.tm_sec = -tzoff;
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/dbsize.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/dbsize.c
index 00ac3b0e094..72807321ae3 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/dbsize.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/dbsize.c
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
  * Copyright (c) 2002-2008, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/adt/dbsize.c,v 1.16 2008/01/01 19:45:52 momjian Exp $
+ *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/adt/dbsize.c,v 1.17 2008/03/25 22:42:44 tgl Exp $
  *
  */
 
@@ -393,41 +393,39 @@ Datum
 pg_size_pretty(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
 	int64		size = PG_GETARG_INT64(0);
-	char	   *result = palloc(50 + VARHDRSZ);
+	char		buf[64];
 	int64		limit = 10 * 1024;
 	int64		mult = 1;
 
 	if (size < limit * mult)
-		snprintf(VARDATA(result), 50, INT64_FORMAT " bytes", size);
+		snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), INT64_FORMAT " bytes", size);
 	else
 	{
 		mult *= 1024;
 		if (size < limit * mult)
-			snprintf(VARDATA(result), 50, INT64_FORMAT " kB",
+			snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), INT64_FORMAT " kB",
 					 (size + mult / 2) / mult);
 		else
 		{
 			mult *= 1024;
 			if (size < limit * mult)
-				snprintf(VARDATA(result), 50, INT64_FORMAT " MB",
+				snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), INT64_FORMAT " MB",
 						 (size + mult / 2) / mult);
 			else
 			{
 				mult *= 1024;
 				if (size < limit * mult)
-					snprintf(VARDATA(result), 50, INT64_FORMAT " GB",
+					snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), INT64_FORMAT " GB",
 							 (size + mult / 2) / mult);
 				else
 				{
 					mult *= 1024;
-					snprintf(VARDATA(result), 50, INT64_FORMAT " TB",
+					snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), INT64_FORMAT " TB",
 							 (size + mult / 2) / mult);
 				}
 			}
 		}
 	}
 
-	SET_VARSIZE(result, strlen(VARDATA(result)) + VARHDRSZ);
-
-	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(result);
+	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(cstring_to_text(buf));
 }
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/encode.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/encode.c
index cbbc4b69a2f..290888f996f 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/encode.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/encode.c
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
  *
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/adt/encode.c,v 1.21 2008/02/26 02:54:08 tgl Exp $
+ *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/adt/encode.c,v 1.22 2008/03/25 22:42:44 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ binary_encode(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 
 	datalen = VARSIZE(data) - VARHDRSZ;
 
-	namebuf = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout, name));
+	namebuf = TextDatumGetCString(name);
 
 	enc = pg_find_encoding(namebuf);
 	if (enc == NULL)
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ binary_decode(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 
 	datalen = VARSIZE(data) - VARHDRSZ;
 
-	namebuf = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout, name));
+	namebuf = TextDatumGetCString(name);
 
 	enc = pg_find_encoding(namebuf);
 	if (enc == NULL)
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/format_type.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/format_type.c
index 86314e1a751..1ca2462c793 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/format_type.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/format_type.c
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
  * Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/adt/format_type.c,v 1.49 2008/01/01 19:45:52 momjian Exp $
+ *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/adt/format_type.c,v 1.50 2008/03/25 22:42:44 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -26,7 +26,6 @@
 #include "mb/pg_wchar.h"
 
 #define MAX_INT32_LEN 11
-#define _textin(str) DirectFunctionCall1(textin, CStringGetDatum(str))
 
 static char *format_type_internal(Oid type_oid, int32 typemod,
 					 bool typemod_given, bool allow_invalid);
@@ -84,7 +83,7 @@ format_type(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 		result = format_type_internal(type_oid, typemod, true, true);
 	}
 
-	PG_RETURN_DATUM(_textin(result));
+	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(cstring_to_text(result));
 }
 
 /*
@@ -454,7 +453,7 @@ oidvectortypes(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 		left -= slen;
 	}
 
-	PG_RETURN_DATUM(_textin(result));
+	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(cstring_to_text(result));
 }
 
 
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/formatting.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/formatting.c
index d1cc69a7322..103543817d2 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/formatting.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/formatting.c
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /* -----------------------------------------------------------------------
  * formatting.c
  *
- * $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/adt/formatting.c,v 1.138 2008/03/22 22:32:19 tgl Exp $
+ * $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/adt/formatting.c,v 1.139 2008/03/25 22:42:44 tgl Exp $
  *
  *
  *	 Portions Copyright (c) 1999-2008, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
@@ -924,7 +924,7 @@ static int	seq_search(char *name, char **array, int type, int max, int *len);
 static void do_to_timestamp(text *date_txt, text *fmt,
 				struct pg_tm * tm, fsec_t *fsec);
 static char *fill_str(char *str, int c, int max);
-static FormatNode *NUM_cache(int len, NUMDesc *Num, char *pars_str, bool *shouldFree);
+static FormatNode *NUM_cache(int len, NUMDesc *Num, text *pars_str, bool *shouldFree);
 static char *int_to_roman(int number);
 static void NUM_prepare_locale(NUMProc *Np);
 static char *get_last_relevant_decnum(char *num);
@@ -2709,16 +2709,14 @@ datetime_to_char_body(TmToChar *tmtc, text *fmt, bool is_interval)
 	char	   *fmt_str,
 			   *result;
 	bool		incache;
-	int			fmt_len = VARSIZE(fmt) - VARHDRSZ;
-	int			reslen;
+	int			fmt_len;
 	text	   *res;
 
 	/*
 	 * Convert fmt to C string
 	 */
-	fmt_str = (char *) palloc(fmt_len + 1);
-	memcpy(fmt_str, VARDATA(fmt), fmt_len);
-	*(fmt_str + fmt_len) = '\0';
+	fmt_str = text_to_cstring(fmt);
+	fmt_len = strlen(fmt_str);
 
 	/*
 	 * Allocate workspace for result as C string
@@ -2779,10 +2777,7 @@ datetime_to_char_body(TmToChar *tmtc, text *fmt, bool is_interval)
 	pfree(fmt_str);
 
 	/* convert C-string result to TEXT format */
-	reslen = strlen(result);
-	res = (text *) palloc(reslen + VARHDRSZ);
-	memcpy(VARDATA(res), result, reslen);
-	SET_VARSIZE(res, reslen + VARHDRSZ);
+	res = cstring_to_text(result);
 
 	pfree(result);
 	return res;
@@ -3135,18 +3130,15 @@ do_to_timestamp(text *date_txt, text *fmt,
 	ZERO_tm(tm);
 	*fsec = 0;
 
-	fmt_len = VARSIZE(fmt) - VARHDRSZ;
+	fmt_len = VARSIZE_ANY_EXHDR(fmt);
 
 	if (fmt_len)
 	{
-		int			date_len;
 		char	   *fmt_str;
 		char	   *date_str;
 		bool		incache;
 
-		fmt_str = (char *) palloc(fmt_len + 1);
-		memcpy(fmt_str, VARDATA(fmt), fmt_len);
-		*(fmt_str + fmt_len) = '\0';
+		fmt_str = text_to_cstring(fmt);
 
 		/*
 		 * Allocate new memory if format picture is bigger than static cache
@@ -3195,13 +3187,7 @@ do_to_timestamp(text *date_txt, text *fmt,
 		/* dump_node(format, fmt_len); */
 #endif
 
-		/*
-		 * Convert date to C string
-		 */
-		date_len = VARSIZE(date_txt) - VARHDRSZ;
-		date_str = (char *) palloc(date_len + 1);
-		memcpy(date_str, VARDATA(date_txt), date_len);
-		*(date_str + date_len) = '\0';
+		date_str = text_to_cstring(date_txt);
 
 		DCH_from_char(format, date_str, &tmfc);
 
@@ -3548,17 +3534,12 @@ NUM_cache_remove(NUMCacheEntry *ent)
  * ----------
  */
 static FormatNode *
-NUM_cache(int len, NUMDesc *Num, char *pars_str, bool *shouldFree)
+NUM_cache(int len, NUMDesc *Num, text *pars_str, bool *shouldFree)
 {
 	FormatNode *format = NULL;
 	char	   *str;
 
-	/*
-	 * Convert VARDATA() to string
-	 */
-	str = (char *) palloc(len + 1);
-	memcpy(str, pars_str, len);
-	*(str + len) = '\0';
+	str = text_to_cstring(pars_str);
 
 	/*
 	 * Allocate new memory if format picture is bigger than static cache and
@@ -4597,11 +4578,11 @@ NUM_processor(FormatNode *node, NUMDesc *Num, char *inout, char *number,
  */
 #define NUM_TOCHAR_prepare \
 do { \
-	len = VARSIZE(fmt) - VARHDRSZ;					\
+	len = VARSIZE_ANY_EXHDR(fmt); \
 	if (len <= 0 || len >= (INT_MAX-VARHDRSZ)/NUM_MAX_ITEM_SIZ)		\
-		return DirectFunctionCall1(textin, CStringGetDatum(""));	\
+		PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(cstring_to_text("")); \
 	result	= (text *) palloc0((len * NUM_MAX_ITEM_SIZ) + 1 + VARHDRSZ);	\
-	format	= NUM_cache(len, &Num, VARDATA(fmt), &shouldFree);		\
+	format	= NUM_cache(len, &Num, fmt, &shouldFree);		\
 } while (0)
 
 /* ----------
@@ -4647,7 +4628,7 @@ numeric_to_number(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	if (len <= 0 || len >= INT_MAX / NUM_MAX_ITEM_SIZ)
 		PG_RETURN_NULL();
 
-	format = NUM_cache(len, &Num, VARDATA(fmt), &shouldFree);
+	format = NUM_cache(len, &Num, fmt, &shouldFree);
 
 	numstr = (char *) palloc((len * NUM_MAX_ITEM_SIZ) + 1);
 
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/genfile.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/genfile.c
index a3a16bcfa50..86408859f22 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/genfile.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/genfile.c
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
  * Author: Andreas Pflug <pgadmin@pse-consulting.de>
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/adt/genfile.c,v 1.17 2008/01/01 19:45:52 momjian Exp $
+ *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/adt/genfile.c,v 1.18 2008/03/25 22:42:44 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -46,12 +46,9 @@ typedef struct
 static char *
 convert_and_check_filename(text *arg)
 {
-	int			input_len = VARSIZE(arg) - VARHDRSZ;
-	char	   *filename = palloc(input_len + 1);
-
-	memcpy(filename, VARDATA(arg), input_len);
-	filename[input_len] = '\0';
+	char	   *filename;
 
+	filename = text_to_cstring(arg);
 	canonicalize_path(filename);	/* filename can change length here */
 
 	/* Disallow ".." in the path */
@@ -253,18 +250,11 @@ pg_ls_dir(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 
 	while ((de = ReadDir(fctx->dirdesc, fctx->location)) != NULL)
 	{
-		int			len = strlen(de->d_name);
-		text	   *result;
-
 		if (strcmp(de->d_name, ".") == 0 ||
 			strcmp(de->d_name, "..") == 0)
 			continue;
 
-		result = palloc(len + VARHDRSZ);
-		SET_VARSIZE(result, len + VARHDRSZ);
-		memcpy(VARDATA(result), de->d_name, len);
-
-		SRF_RETURN_NEXT(funcctx, PointerGetDatum(result));
+		SRF_RETURN_NEXT(funcctx, CStringGetTextDatum(de->d_name));
 	}
 
 	FreeDir(fctx->dirdesc);
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/lockfuncs.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/lockfuncs.c
index de5420e7719..55a6adaa5fa 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/lockfuncs.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/lockfuncs.c
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
  * Copyright (c) 2002-2008, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *		$PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/adt/lockfuncs.c,v 1.32 2008/01/08 23:18:51 tgl Exp $
+ *		$PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/adt/lockfuncs.c,v 1.33 2008/03/25 22:42:44 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ VXIDGetDatum(BackendId bid, LocalTransactionId lxid)
 
 	snprintf(vxidstr, sizeof(vxidstr), "%d/%u", bid, lxid);
 
-	return DirectFunctionCall1(textin, CStringGetDatum(vxidstr));
+	return CStringGetTextDatum(vxidstr);
 }
 
 
@@ -214,8 +214,7 @@ pg_lock_status(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 					 (int) lock->tag.locktag_type);
 			locktypename = tnbuf;
 		}
-		values[0] = DirectFunctionCall1(textin,
-										CStringGetDatum(locktypename));
+		values[0] = CStringGetTextDatum(locktypename);
 
 		switch ((LockTagType) lock->tag.locktag_type)
 		{
@@ -297,9 +296,7 @@ pg_lock_status(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 			values[11] = Int32GetDatum(proc->pid);
 		else
 			nulls[11] = 'n';
-		values[12] = DirectFunctionCall1(textin,
-					  CStringGetDatum(GetLockmodeName(LOCK_LOCKMETHOD(*lock),
-													  mode)));
+		values[12] = CStringGetTextDatum(GetLockmodeName(LOCK_LOCKMETHOD(*lock), mode));
 		values[13] = BoolGetDatum(granted);
 
 		tuple = heap_formtuple(funcctx->tuple_desc, values, nulls);
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/nabstime.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/nabstime.c
index c1a484d9bb6..a40ca5edd05 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/nabstime.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/nabstime.c
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
  *
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/adt/nabstime.c,v 1.154 2008/03/21 01:31:42 tgl Exp $
+ *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/adt/nabstime.c,v 1.155 2008/03/25 22:42:44 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -1576,8 +1576,6 @@ timeofday(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	struct timeval tp;
 	char		templ[128];
 	char		buf[128];
-	text	   *result;
-	int			len;
 	pg_time_t	tt;
 
 	gettimeofday(&tp, NULL);
@@ -1586,9 +1584,5 @@ timeofday(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 				pg_localtime(&tt, session_timezone));
 	snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), templ, tp.tv_usec);
 
-	len = VARHDRSZ + strlen(buf);
-	result = (text *) palloc(len);
-	SET_VARSIZE(result, len);
-	memcpy(VARDATA(result), buf, len - VARHDRSZ);
-	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(result);
+	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(cstring_to_text(buf));
 }
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/network.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/network.c
index 7eb6ffe306f..8e58374e9b1 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/network.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/network.c
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
  *	PostgreSQL type definitions for the INET and CIDR types.
  *
- *	$PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/adt/network.c,v 1.72 2007/11/15 21:14:39 momjian Exp $
+ *	$PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/adt/network.c,v 1.73 2008/03/25 22:42:44 tgl Exp $
  *
  *	Jon Postel RIP 16 Oct 1998
  */
@@ -601,8 +601,6 @@ Datum
 network_host(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
 	inet	   *ip = PG_GETARG_INET_P(0);
-	text	   *ret;
-	int			len;
 	char	   *ptr;
 	char		tmp[sizeof("xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:255.255.255.255/128")];
 
@@ -617,12 +615,7 @@ network_host(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	if ((ptr = strchr(tmp, '/')) != NULL)
 		*ptr = '\0';
 
-	/* Return string as a text datum */
-	len = strlen(tmp);
-	ret = (text *) palloc(len + VARHDRSZ);
-	SET_VARSIZE(ret, len + VARHDRSZ);
-	memcpy(VARDATA(ret), tmp, len);
-	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(ret);
+	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(cstring_to_text(tmp));
 }
 
 /*
@@ -634,7 +627,6 @@ Datum
 network_show(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
 	inet	   *ip = PG_GETARG_INET_P(0);
-	text	   *ret;
 	int			len;
 	char		tmp[sizeof("xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:255.255.255.255/128")];
 
@@ -651,21 +643,14 @@ network_show(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 		snprintf(tmp + len, sizeof(tmp) - len, "/%u", ip_bits(ip));
 	}
 
-	/* Return string as a text datum */
-	len = strlen(tmp);
-	ret = (text *) palloc(len + VARHDRSZ);
-	SET_VARSIZE(ret, len + VARHDRSZ);
-	memcpy(VARDATA(ret), tmp, len);
-	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(ret);
+	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(cstring_to_text(tmp));
 }
 
 Datum
 inet_abbrev(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
 	inet	   *ip = PG_GETARG_INET_P(0);
-	text	   *ret;
 	char	   *dst;
-	int			len;
 	char		tmp[sizeof("xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:255.255.255.255/128")];
 
 	dst = inet_net_ntop(ip_family(ip), ip_addr(ip),
@@ -676,21 +661,14 @@ inet_abbrev(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 				(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_BINARY_REPRESENTATION),
 				 errmsg("could not format inet value: %m")));
 
-	/* Return string as a text datum */
-	len = strlen(tmp);
-	ret = (text *) palloc(len + VARHDRSZ);
-	SET_VARSIZE(ret, len + VARHDRSZ);
-	memcpy(VARDATA(ret), tmp, len);
-	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(ret);
+	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(cstring_to_text(tmp));
 }
 
 Datum
 cidr_abbrev(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
 	inet	   *ip = PG_GETARG_INET_P(0);
-	text	   *ret;
 	char	   *dst;
-	int			len;
 	char		tmp[sizeof("xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:255.255.255.255/128")];
 
 	dst = inet_cidr_ntop(ip_family(ip), ip_addr(ip),
@@ -701,12 +679,7 @@ cidr_abbrev(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 				(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_BINARY_REPRESENTATION),
 				 errmsg("could not format cidr value: %m")));
 
-	/* Return string as a text datum */
-	len = strlen(tmp);
-	ret = (text *) palloc(len + VARHDRSZ);
-	SET_VARSIZE(ret, len + VARHDRSZ);
-	memcpy(VARDATA(ret), tmp, len);
-	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(ret);
+	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(cstring_to_text(tmp));
 }
 
 Datum
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/oracle_compat.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/oracle_compat.c
index 588cf5941db..257f60a8bbf 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/oracle_compat.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/oracle_compat.c
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
  *
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *	$PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/adt/oracle_compat.c,v 1.77 2008/01/01 19:45:52 momjian Exp $
+ *	$PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/adt/oracle_compat.c,v 1.78 2008/03/25 22:42:44 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -76,9 +76,7 @@ texttowcs(const text *txt)
 				 errmsg("out of memory")));
 
 	/* Need a null-terminated version of the input */
-	workstr = (char *) palloc(nbytes + 1);
-	memcpy(workstr, VARDATA_ANY(txt), nbytes);
-	workstr[nbytes] = '\0';
+	workstr = text_to_cstring(txt);
 
 	/* Output workspace cannot have more codes than input bytes */
 	result = (wchar_t *) palloc((nbytes + 1) * sizeof(wchar_t));
@@ -275,25 +273,16 @@ wstring_upper(char *str)
 	text	   *in_text;
 	text	   *out_text;
 	char	   *result;
-	int			nbytes = strlen(str);
 	int			i;
 
-	in_text = palloc(nbytes + VARHDRSZ);
-	memcpy(VARDATA(in_text), str, nbytes);
-	SET_VARSIZE(in_text, nbytes + VARHDRSZ);
-
+	in_text = cstring_to_text(str);
 	workspace = texttowcs(in_text);
 
 	for (i = 0; workspace[i] != 0; i++)
 		workspace[i] = towupper(workspace[i]);
 
 	out_text = wcstotext(workspace, i);
-
-	nbytes = VARSIZE(out_text) - VARHDRSZ;
-	result = palloc(nbytes + 1);
-	memcpy(result, VARDATA(out_text), nbytes);
-
-	result[nbytes] = '\0';
+	result = text_to_cstring(out_text);
 
 	pfree(workspace);
 	pfree(in_text);
@@ -309,25 +298,16 @@ wstring_lower(char *str)
 	text	   *in_text;
 	text	   *out_text;
 	char	   *result;
-	int			nbytes = strlen(str);
 	int			i;
 
-	in_text = palloc(nbytes + VARHDRSZ);
-	memcpy(VARDATA(in_text), str, nbytes);
-	SET_VARSIZE(in_text, nbytes + VARHDRSZ);
-
+	in_text = cstring_to_text(str);
 	workspace = texttowcs(in_text);
 
 	for (i = 0; workspace[i] != 0; i++)
 		workspace[i] = towlower(workspace[i]);
 
 	out_text = wcstotext(workspace, i);
-
-	nbytes = VARSIZE(out_text) - VARHDRSZ;
-	result = palloc(nbytes + 1);
-	memcpy(result, VARDATA(out_text), nbytes);
-
-	result[nbytes] = '\0';
+	result = text_to_cstring(out_text);
 
 	pfree(workspace);
 	pfree(in_text);
@@ -801,7 +781,6 @@ dotrim(const char *string, int stringlen,
 	   const char *set, int setlen,
 	   bool doltrim, bool dortrim)
 {
-	text	   *result;
 	int			i;
 
 	/* Nothing to do if either string or set is empty */
@@ -947,11 +926,7 @@ dotrim(const char *string, int stringlen,
 	}
 
 	/* Return selected portion of string */
-	result = (text *) palloc(VARHDRSZ + stringlen);
-	SET_VARSIZE(result, VARHDRSZ + stringlen);
-	memcpy(VARDATA(result), string, stringlen);
-
-	return result;
+	return cstring_to_text_with_len(string, stringlen);
 }
 
 /********************************************************************
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/pgstatfuncs.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/pgstatfuncs.c
index 7fb2d5951ee..f4c047b7eda 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/pgstatfuncs.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/pgstatfuncs.c
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
  *
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/adt/pgstatfuncs.c,v 1.48 2008/01/01 19:45:52 momjian Exp $
+ *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/adt/pgstatfuncs.c,v 1.49 2008/03/25 22:42:44 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -414,9 +414,7 @@ Datum
 pg_stat_get_backend_activity(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
 	int32		beid = PG_GETARG_INT32(0);
-	text	   *result;
 	PgBackendStatus *beentry;
-	int			len;
 	const char *activity;
 
 	if ((beentry = pgstat_fetch_stat_beentry(beid)) == NULL)
@@ -428,12 +426,7 @@ pg_stat_get_backend_activity(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	else
 		activity = beentry->st_activity;
 
-	len = strlen(activity);
-	result = palloc(VARHDRSZ + len);
-	SET_VARSIZE(result, VARHDRSZ + len);
-	memcpy(VARDATA(result), activity, len);
-
-	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(result);
+	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(cstring_to_text(activity));
 }
 
 
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/quote.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/quote.c
index 519c6d874b5..6074414c372 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/quote.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/quote.c
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
  *
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/adt/quote.c,v 1.24 2008/03/23 00:24:19 tgl Exp $
+ *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/adt/quote.c,v 1.25 2008/03/25 22:42:44 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -23,26 +23,13 @@
 Datum
 quote_ident(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
-	text	   *t = PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0);
-	text	   *result;
+	text	   *t = PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0);
 	const char *qstr;
 	char	   *str;
-	int			len;
-
-	/* We have to convert to a C string to use quote_identifier */
-	len = VARSIZE(t) - VARHDRSZ;
-	str = (char *) palloc(len + 1);
-	memcpy(str, VARDATA(t), len);
-	str[len] = '\0';
 
+	str = text_to_cstring(t);
 	qstr = quote_identifier(str);
-
-	len = strlen(qstr);
-	result = (text *) palloc(len + VARHDRSZ);
-	SET_VARSIZE(result, len + VARHDRSZ);
-	memcpy(VARDATA(result), qstr, len);
-
-	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(result);
+	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(cstring_to_text(qstr));
 }
 
 /*
@@ -106,8 +93,7 @@ Datum
 quote_nullable(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
 	if (PG_ARGISNULL(0))
-		PG_RETURN_DATUM(DirectFunctionCall1(textin,
-											CStringGetDatum("NULL")));
+		PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(cstring_to_text("NULL"));
 	else
 		PG_RETURN_DATUM(DirectFunctionCall1(quote_literal,
 											PG_GETARG_DATUM(0)));
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c
index db86d69efe5..940cfc2b23d 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
  *
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c,v 1.269 2008/01/06 01:03:16 tgl Exp $
+ *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c,v 1.270 2008/03/25 22:42:44 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -697,8 +697,7 @@ pg_get_indexdef_worker(Oid indexrelid, int colno, bool showTblSpc,
 		exprsDatum = SysCacheGetAttr(INDEXRELID, ht_idx,
 									 Anum_pg_index_indexprs, &isnull);
 		Assert(!isnull);
-		exprsString = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout,
-														  exprsDatum));
+		exprsString = TextDatumGetCString(exprsDatum);
 		indexprs = (List *) stringToNode(exprsString);
 		pfree(exprsString);
 	}
@@ -836,8 +835,7 @@ pg_get_indexdef_worker(Oid indexrelid, int colno, bool showTblSpc,
 			predDatum = SysCacheGetAttr(INDEXRELID, ht_idx,
 										Anum_pg_index_indpred, &isnull);
 			Assert(!isnull);
-			predString = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout,
-															 predDatum));
+			predString = TextDatumGetCString(predDatum);
 			node = (Node *) stringToNode(predString);
 			pfree(predString);
 
@@ -1092,7 +1090,7 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand,
 					elog(ERROR, "null conbin for constraint %u",
 						 constraintId);
 
-				conbin = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout, val));
+				conbin = TextDatumGetCString(val);
 				expr = stringToNode(conbin);
 
 				/* Set up deparsing context for Var nodes in constraint */
@@ -1222,8 +1220,7 @@ pg_get_expr_worker(text *expr, Oid relid, char *relname, int prettyFlags)
 	char	   *str;
 
 	/* Convert input TEXT object to C string */
-	exprstr = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout,
-												  PointerGetDatum(expr)));
+	exprstr = text_to_cstring(expr);
 
 	/* Convert expression to node tree */
 	node = (Node *) stringToNode(exprstr);
@@ -1233,6 +1230,8 @@ pg_get_expr_worker(text *expr, Oid relid, char *relname, int prettyFlags)
 	str = deparse_expression_pretty(node, context, false, false,
 									prettyFlags, 0);
 
+	pfree(exprstr);
+
 	return str;
 }
 
@@ -1286,7 +1285,7 @@ Datum
 pg_get_serial_sequence(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
 	text	   *tablename = PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0);
-	text	   *columnname = PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(1);
+	text	   *columnname = PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(1);
 	RangeVar   *tablerv;
 	Oid			tableOid;
 	char	   *column;
@@ -1302,8 +1301,7 @@ pg_get_serial_sequence(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	tableOid = RangeVarGetRelid(tablerv, false);
 
 	/* Get the number of the column */
-	column = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout,
-											   PointerGetDatum(columnname)));
+	column = text_to_cstring(columnname);
 
 	attnum = get_attnum(tableOid, column);
 	if (attnum == InvalidAttrNumber)
@@ -5439,16 +5437,9 @@ static text *
 string_to_text(char *str)
 {
 	text	   *result;
-	int			slen = strlen(str);
-	int			tlen;
-
-	tlen = slen + VARHDRSZ;
-	result = (text *) palloc(tlen);
-	SET_VARSIZE(result, tlen);
-	memcpy(VARDATA(result), str, slen);
 
+	result = cstring_to_text(str);
 	pfree(str);
-
 	return result;
 }
 
@@ -5482,9 +5473,9 @@ flatten_reloptions(Oid relid)
 		 * array_to_text() relies on flinfo to be valid.  So use
 		 * OidFunctionCall2.
 		 */
-		sep = DirectFunctionCall1(textin, CStringGetDatum(", "));
+		sep = CStringGetTextDatum(", ");
 		txt = OidFunctionCall2(F_ARRAY_TO_TEXT, reloptions, sep);
-		result = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout, txt));
+		result = TextDatumGetCString(txt);
 	}
 
 	ReleaseSysCache(tuple);
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/selfuncs.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/selfuncs.c
index b6f1026375f..68ce6acb528 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/selfuncs.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/selfuncs.c
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
  *
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/adt/selfuncs.c,v 1.246 2008/03/17 17:13:54 tgl Exp $
+ *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/adt/selfuncs.c,v 1.247 2008/03/25 22:42:44 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -1089,8 +1089,7 @@ patternsel(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS, Pattern_Type ptype, bool negate)
 		switch (prefix->consttype)
 		{
 			case TEXTOID:
-				prefixstr = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout,
-														prefix->constvalue));
+				prefixstr = TextDatumGetCString(prefix->constvalue);
 				break;
 			case BYTEAOID:
 				prefixstr = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(byteaout,
@@ -3339,15 +3338,8 @@ convert_string_datum(Datum value, Oid typid)
 		case BPCHAROID:
 		case VARCHAROID:
 		case TEXTOID:
-			{
-				char	   *str = (char *) VARDATA(DatumGetPointer(value));
-				int			strlength = VARSIZE(DatumGetPointer(value)) - VARHDRSZ;
-
-				val = (char *) palloc(strlength + 1);
-				memcpy(val, str, strlength);
-				val[strlength] = '\0';
-				break;
-			}
+			val = TextDatumGetCString(value);
+			break;
 		case NAMEOID:
 			{
 				NameData   *nm = (NameData *) DatumGetPointer(value);
@@ -4177,7 +4169,7 @@ like_fixed_prefix(Const *patt_const, bool case_insensitive,
 
 	if (typeid != BYTEAOID)
 	{
-		patt = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout, patt_const->constvalue));
+		patt = TextDatumGetCString(patt_const->constvalue);
 		pattlen = strlen(patt);
 	}
 	else
@@ -4282,7 +4274,7 @@ regex_fixed_prefix(Const *patt_const, bool case_insensitive,
 		 errmsg("regular-expression matching not supported on type bytea")));
 
 	/* the right-hand const is type text for all of these */
-	patt = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout, patt_const->constvalue));
+	patt = TextDatumGetCString(patt_const->constvalue);
 
 	/*
 	 * Check for ARE director prefix.  It's worth our trouble to recognize
@@ -4618,7 +4610,7 @@ like_selectivity(Const *patt_const, bool case_insensitive)
 
 	if (typeid != BYTEAOID)
 	{
-		patt = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout, patt_const->constvalue));
+		patt = TextDatumGetCString(patt_const->constvalue);
 		pattlen = strlen(patt);
 	}
 	else
@@ -4777,7 +4769,7 @@ regex_selectivity(Const *patt_const, bool case_insensitive)
 		 errmsg("regular-expression matching not supported on type bytea")));
 
 	/* the right-hand const is type text for all of these */
-	patt = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout, patt_const->constvalue));
+	patt = TextDatumGetCString(patt_const->constvalue);
 	pattlen = strlen(patt);
 
 	/* If patt doesn't end with $, consider it to have a trailing wildcard */
@@ -4892,8 +4884,7 @@ make_greater_string(const Const *str_const, FmgrInfo *ltproc)
 	}
 	else
 	{
-		workstr = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout,
-													  str_const->constvalue));
+		workstr = TextDatumGetCString(str_const->constvalue);
 		len = strlen(workstr);
 		if (lc_collate_is_c() || len == 0)
 			cmpstr = str_const->constvalue;
@@ -5000,15 +4991,15 @@ string_to_datum(const char *str, Oid datatype)
 	Assert(str != NULL);
 
 	/*
-	 * We cheat a little by assuming that textin() will do for bpchar and
-	 * varchar constants too...
+	 * We cheat a little by assuming that CStringGetTextDatum() will do for
+	 * bpchar and varchar constants too...
 	 */
 	if (datatype == NAMEOID)
 		return DirectFunctionCall1(namein, CStringGetDatum(str));
 	else if (datatype == BYTEAOID)
 		return DirectFunctionCall1(byteain, CStringGetDatum(str));
 	else
-		return DirectFunctionCall1(textin, CStringGetDatum(str));
+		return CStringGetTextDatum(str);
 }
 
 /*
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/timestamp.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/timestamp.c
index 8ca6f998c98..8a0f37292dc 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/timestamp.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/timestamp.c
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
  *
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/adt/timestamp.c,v 1.186 2008/03/21 01:31:42 tgl Exp $
+ *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/adt/timestamp.c,v 1.187 2008/03/25 22:42:44 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -3242,7 +3242,7 @@ timestamptz_age(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 Datum
 timestamp_trunc(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
-	text	   *units = PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0);
+	text	   *units = PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0);
 	Timestamp	timestamp = PG_GETARG_TIMESTAMP(1);
 	Timestamp	result;
 	int			type,
@@ -3255,8 +3255,8 @@ timestamp_trunc(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	if (TIMESTAMP_NOT_FINITE(timestamp))
 		PG_RETURN_TIMESTAMP(timestamp);
 
-	lowunits = downcase_truncate_identifier(VARDATA(units),
-											VARSIZE(units) - VARHDRSZ,
+	lowunits = downcase_truncate_identifier(VARDATA_ANY(units),
+											VARSIZE_ANY_EXHDR(units),
 											false);
 
 	type = DecodeUnits(0, lowunits, &val);
@@ -3374,7 +3374,7 @@ timestamp_trunc(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 Datum
 timestamptz_trunc(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
-	text	   *units = PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0);
+	text	   *units = PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0);
 	TimestampTz timestamp = PG_GETARG_TIMESTAMPTZ(1);
 	TimestampTz result;
 	int			tz;
@@ -3390,8 +3390,8 @@ timestamptz_trunc(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	if (TIMESTAMP_NOT_FINITE(timestamp))
 		PG_RETURN_TIMESTAMPTZ(timestamp);
 
-	lowunits = downcase_truncate_identifier(VARDATA(units),
-											VARSIZE(units) - VARHDRSZ,
+	lowunits = downcase_truncate_identifier(VARDATA_ANY(units),
+											VARSIZE_ANY_EXHDR(units),
 											false);
 
 	type = DecodeUnits(0, lowunits, &val);
@@ -3532,7 +3532,7 @@ timestamptz_trunc(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 Datum
 interval_trunc(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
-	text	   *units = PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0);
+	text	   *units = PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0);
 	Interval   *interval = PG_GETARG_INTERVAL_P(1);
 	Interval   *result;
 	int			type,
@@ -3544,8 +3544,8 @@ interval_trunc(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 
 	result = (Interval *) palloc(sizeof(Interval));
 
-	lowunits = downcase_truncate_identifier(VARDATA(units),
-											VARSIZE(units) - VARHDRSZ,
+	lowunits = downcase_truncate_identifier(VARDATA_ANY(units),
+											VARSIZE_ANY_EXHDR(units),
 											false);
 
 	type = DecodeUnits(0, lowunits, &val);
@@ -3615,9 +3615,7 @@ interval_trunc(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 		ereport(ERROR,
 				(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
 				 errmsg("interval units \"%s\" not recognized",
-						DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout,
-												 PointerGetDatum(units))))));
-		*result = *interval;
+						lowunits)));
 	}
 
 	PG_RETURN_INTERVAL_P(result);
@@ -3803,7 +3801,7 @@ date2isoyearday(int year, int mon, int mday)
 Datum
 timestamp_part(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
-	text	   *units = PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0);
+	text	   *units = PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0);
 	Timestamp	timestamp = PG_GETARG_TIMESTAMP(1);
 	float8		result;
 	int			type,
@@ -3819,8 +3817,8 @@ timestamp_part(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 		PG_RETURN_FLOAT8(result);
 	}
 
-	lowunits = downcase_truncate_identifier(VARDATA(units),
-											VARSIZE(units) - VARHDRSZ,
+	lowunits = downcase_truncate_identifier(VARDATA_ANY(units),
+											VARSIZE_ANY_EXHDR(units),
 											false);
 
 	type = DecodeUnits(0, lowunits, &val);
@@ -4031,7 +4029,7 @@ timestamp_part(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 Datum
 timestamptz_part(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
-	text	   *units = PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0);
+	text	   *units = PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0);
 	TimestampTz timestamp = PG_GETARG_TIMESTAMPTZ(1);
 	float8		result;
 	int			tz;
@@ -4050,8 +4048,8 @@ timestamptz_part(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 		PG_RETURN_FLOAT8(result);
 	}
 
-	lowunits = downcase_truncate_identifier(VARDATA(units),
-											VARSIZE(units) - VARHDRSZ,
+	lowunits = downcase_truncate_identifier(VARDATA_ANY(units),
+											VARSIZE_ANY_EXHDR(units),
 											false);
 
 	type = DecodeUnits(0, lowunits, &val);
@@ -4246,7 +4244,7 @@ timestamptz_part(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 Datum
 interval_part(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
-	text	   *units = PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0);
+	text	   *units = PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0);
 	Interval   *interval = PG_GETARG_INTERVAL_P(1);
 	float8		result;
 	int			type,
@@ -4256,8 +4254,8 @@ interval_part(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	struct pg_tm tt,
 			   *tm = &tt;
 
-	lowunits = downcase_truncate_identifier(VARDATA(units),
-											VARSIZE(units) - VARHDRSZ,
+	lowunits = downcase_truncate_identifier(VARDATA_ANY(units),
+											VARSIZE_ANY_EXHDR(units),
 											false);
 
 	type = DecodeUnits(0, lowunits, &val);
@@ -4337,8 +4335,7 @@ interval_part(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 					ereport(ERROR,
 							(errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
 							 errmsg("interval units \"%s\" not supported",
-								 DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout,
-												 PointerGetDatum(units))))));
+									lowunits)));
 					result = 0;
 			}
 
@@ -4365,8 +4362,7 @@ interval_part(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 		ereport(ERROR,
 				(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
 				 errmsg("interval units \"%s\" not recognized",
-						DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout,
-												 PointerGetDatum(units))))));
+						lowunits)));
 		result = 0;
 	}
 
@@ -4385,13 +4381,12 @@ interval_part(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 Datum
 timestamp_zone(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
-	text	   *zone = PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0);
+	text	   *zone = PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0);
 	Timestamp	timestamp = PG_GETARG_TIMESTAMP(1);
 	TimestampTz result;
 	int			tz;
 	pg_tz	   *tzp;
 	char		tzname[TZ_STRLEN_MAX + 1];
-	int			len;
 
 	if (TIMESTAMP_NOT_FINITE(timestamp))
 		PG_RETURN_TIMESTAMPTZ(timestamp);
@@ -4401,9 +4396,7 @@ timestamp_zone(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	 * (to handle cases like "America/New_York"), and if that fails, we look
 	 * in the date token table (to handle cases like "EST").
 	 */
-	len = Min(VARSIZE(zone) - VARHDRSZ, TZ_STRLEN_MAX);
-	memcpy(tzname, VARDATA(zone), len);
-	tzname[len] = '\0';
+	text_to_cstring_buffer(zone, tzname, sizeof(tzname));
 	tzp = pg_tzset(tzname);
 	if (tzp)
 	{
@@ -4428,8 +4421,8 @@ timestamp_zone(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 		int			type,
 					val;
 
-		lowzone = downcase_truncate_identifier(VARDATA(zone),
-											   VARSIZE(zone) - VARHDRSZ,
+		lowzone = downcase_truncate_identifier(tzname,
+											   strlen(tzname),
 											   false);
 		type = DecodeSpecial(0, lowzone, &val);
 
@@ -4558,13 +4551,12 @@ timestamptz_timestamp(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 Datum
 timestamptz_zone(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
-	text	   *zone = PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0);
+	text	   *zone = PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0);
 	TimestampTz timestamp = PG_GETARG_TIMESTAMPTZ(1);
 	Timestamp	result;
 	int			tz;
 	pg_tz	   *tzp;
 	char		tzname[TZ_STRLEN_MAX + 1];
-	int			len;
 
 	if (TIMESTAMP_NOT_FINITE(timestamp))
 		PG_RETURN_TIMESTAMP(timestamp);
@@ -4574,9 +4566,7 @@ timestamptz_zone(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	 * (to handle cases like "America/New_York"), and if that fails, we look
 	 * in the date token table (to handle cases like "EST").
 	 */
-	len = Min(VARSIZE(zone) - VARHDRSZ, TZ_STRLEN_MAX);
-	memcpy(tzname, VARDATA(zone), len);
-	tzname[len] = '\0';
+	text_to_cstring_buffer(zone, tzname, sizeof(tzname));
 	tzp = pg_tzset(tzname);
 	if (tzp)
 	{
@@ -4600,8 +4590,8 @@ timestamptz_zone(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 		int			type,
 					val;
 
-		lowzone = downcase_truncate_identifier(VARDATA(zone),
-											   VARSIZE(zone) - VARHDRSZ,
+		lowzone = downcase_truncate_identifier(tzname,
+											   strlen(tzname),
 											   false);
 		type = DecodeSpecial(0, lowzone, &val);
 
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/tsginidx.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/tsginidx.c
index 96510021f6d..add1fc1910c 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/tsginidx.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/tsginidx.c
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
  *
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/adt/tsginidx.c,v 1.9 2008/01/01 19:45:52 momjian Exp $
+ *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/adt/tsginidx.c,v 1.10 2008/03/25 22:42:44 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 #include "access/skey.h"
 #include "tsearch/ts_type.h"
 #include "tsearch/ts_utils.h"
+#include "utils/builtins.h"
 
 
 Datum
@@ -35,11 +36,9 @@ gin_extract_tsvector(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 
 		for (i = 0; i < vector->size; i++)
 		{
-			text	   *txt = (text *) palloc(VARHDRSZ + we->len);
-
-			SET_VARSIZE(txt, VARHDRSZ + we->len);
-			memcpy(VARDATA(txt), STRPTR(vector) + we->pos, we->len);
+			text	   *txt;
 
+			txt = cstring_to_text_with_len(STRPTR(vector) + we->pos, we->len);
 			entries[i] = PointerGetDatum(txt);
 
 			we++;
@@ -87,11 +86,8 @@ gin_extract_tsquery(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 				text	   *txt;
 				QueryOperand *val = &item[i].operand;
 
-				txt = (text *) palloc(VARHDRSZ + val->length);
-
-				SET_VARSIZE(txt, VARHDRSZ + val->length);
-				memcpy(VARDATA(txt), GETOPERAND(query) + val->distance, val->length);
-
+				txt = cstring_to_text_with_len(GETOPERAND(query) + val->distance,
+											   val->length);
 				entries[j++] = PointerGetDatum(txt);
 
 				if (strategy != TSearchWithClassStrategyNumber && val->weight != 0)
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/tsquery.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/tsquery.c
index 41863fb5db5..d84d4ad931e 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/tsquery.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/tsquery.c
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
  *
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/adt/tsquery.c,v 1.15 2008/01/08 01:04:08 tgl Exp $
+ *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/adt/tsquery.c,v 1.16 2008/03/25 22:42:44 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 #include "tsearch/ts_locale.h"
 #include "tsearch/ts_type.h"
 #include "tsearch/ts_utils.h"
+#include "utils/builtins.h"
 #include "utils/memutils.h"
 #include "utils/pg_crc.h"
 
@@ -954,9 +955,7 @@ tsquerytree(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 
 	if (!q)
 	{
-		res = (text *) palloc(1 + VARHDRSZ);
-		SET_VARSIZE(res, 1 + VARHDRSZ);
-		*((char *) VARDATA(res)) = 'T';
+		res = cstring_to_text("T");
 	}
 	else
 	{
@@ -966,14 +965,11 @@ tsquerytree(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 		*(nrm.cur) = '\0';
 		nrm.op = GETOPERAND(query);
 		infix(&nrm, true);
-
-		res = (text *) palloc(nrm.cur - nrm.buf + VARHDRSZ);
-		SET_VARSIZE(res, nrm.cur - nrm.buf + VARHDRSZ);
-		strncpy(VARDATA(res), nrm.buf, nrm.cur - nrm.buf);
+		res = cstring_to_text_with_len(nrm.buf, nrm.cur - nrm.buf);
 		pfree(q);
 	}
 
 	PG_FREE_IF_COPY(query, 0);
 
-	PG_RETURN_POINTER(res);
+	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(res);
 }
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/tsquery_rewrite.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/tsquery_rewrite.c
index 89f11731dd4..df917642062 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/tsquery_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/tsquery_rewrite.c
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
  *
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/adt/tsquery_rewrite.c,v 1.11 2008/01/01 19:45:53 momjian Exp $
+ *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/adt/tsquery_rewrite.c,v 1.12 2008/03/25 22:42:44 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -273,7 +273,7 @@ tsquery_rewrite_query(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	QTNTernary(tree);
 	QTNSort(tree);
 
-	buf = TextPGetCString(in);
+	buf = text_to_cstring(in);
 
 	SPI_connect();
 
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/tsvector_op.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/tsvector_op.c
index eee15a673dd..0624c00ea91 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/tsvector_op.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/tsvector_op.c
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
  *
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/adt/tsvector_op.c,v 1.13 2008/03/05 15:50:37 momjian Exp $
+ *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/adt/tsvector_op.c,v 1.14 2008/03/25 22:42:44 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -1082,7 +1082,7 @@ ts_process_call(FuncCallContext *funcctx)
 static tsstat *
 ts_stat_sql(text *txt, text *ws)
 {
-	char	   *query = TextPGetCString(txt);
+	char	   *query = text_to_cstring(txt);
 	int			i;
 	tsstat	   *newstat,
 			   *stat;
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/varchar.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/varchar.c
index c954e2034ad..49ce0ef4d69 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/varchar.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/varchar.c
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
  *
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/adt/varchar.c,v 1.126 2008/01/01 19:45:53 momjian Exp $
+ *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/adt/varchar.c,v 1.127 2008/03/25 22:42:44 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -203,21 +203,16 @@ bpcharin(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 
 /*
  * Convert a CHARACTER value to a C string.
+ *
+ * Uses the text conversion functions, which is only appropriate if BpChar
+ * and text are equivalent types.
  */
 Datum
 bpcharout(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
-	BpChar	   *s = PG_GETARG_BPCHAR_PP(0);
-	char	   *result;
-	int			len;
+	Datum		txt = PG_GETARG_DATUM(0);
 
-	/* copy and add null term */
-	len = VARSIZE_ANY_EXHDR(s);
-	result = (char *) palloc(len + 1);
-	memcpy(result, VARDATA_ANY(s), len);
-	result[len] = '\0';
-
-	PG_RETURN_CSTRING(result);
+	PG_RETURN_CSTRING(TextDatumGetCString(txt));
 }
 
 /*
@@ -403,19 +398,17 @@ bpchar_name(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 
 /* name_bpchar()
  * Converts a NameData type to a bpchar type.
+ *
+ * Uses the text conversion functions, which is only appropriate if BpChar
+ * and text are equivalent types.
  */
 Datum
 name_bpchar(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
 	Name		s = PG_GETARG_NAME(0);
 	BpChar	   *result;
-	int			len;
-
-	len = strlen(NameStr(*s));
-	result = (BpChar *) palloc(VARHDRSZ + len);
-	memcpy(VARDATA(result), NameStr(*s), len);
-	SET_VARSIZE(result, VARHDRSZ + len);
 
+	result = (BpChar *) cstring_to_text(NameStr(*s));
 	PG_RETURN_BPCHAR_P(result);
 }
 
@@ -454,6 +447,9 @@ bpchartypmodout(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
  *
  * If the input string is too long, raise an error, unless the extra
  * characters are spaces, in which case they're truncated.  (per SQL)
+ *
+ * Uses the C string to text conversion function, which is only appropriate
+ * if VarChar and text are equivalent types.
  */
 static VarChar *
 varchar_input(const char *s, size_t len, int32 atttypmod)
@@ -481,10 +477,7 @@ varchar_input(const char *s, size_t len, int32 atttypmod)
 		len = mbmaxlen;
 	}
 
-	result = (VarChar *) palloc(len + VARHDRSZ);
-	SET_VARSIZE(result, len + VARHDRSZ);
-	memcpy(VARDATA(result), s, len);
-
+	result = (VarChar *) cstring_to_text_with_len(s, len);
 	return result;
 }
 
@@ -510,21 +503,16 @@ varcharin(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 
 /*
  * Convert a VARCHAR value to a C string.
+ *
+ * Uses the text to C string conversion function, which is only appropriate
+ * if VarChar and text are equivalent types.
  */
 Datum
 varcharout(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
-	VarChar    *s = PG_GETARG_VARCHAR_PP(0);
-	char	   *result;
-	int32		len;
-
-	/* copy and add null term */
-	len = VARSIZE_ANY_EXHDR(s);
-	result = palloc(len + 1);
-	memcpy(result, VARDATA_ANY(s), len);
-	result[len] = '\0';
+	Datum		txt = PG_GETARG_DATUM(0);
 
-	PG_RETURN_CSTRING(result);
+	PG_RETURN_CSTRING(TextDatumGetCString(txt));
 }
 
 /*
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/varlena.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/varlena.c
index 75832856b6c..aa56317c7ff 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/varlena.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/varlena.c
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
  *
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/adt/varlena.c,v 1.163 2008/03/13 18:31:56 tgl Exp $
+ *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/adt/varlena.c,v 1.164 2008/03/25 22:42:44 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -48,15 +48,6 @@ typedef struct
 #define PG_GETARG_UNKNOWN_P_COPY(n) DatumGetUnknownPCopy(PG_GETARG_DATUM(n))
 #define PG_RETURN_UNKNOWN_P(x)		PG_RETURN_POINTER(x)
 
-#define PG_TEXTARG_GET_STR(arg_) \
-	DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout, PG_GETARG_DATUM(arg_)))
-#define PG_TEXT_GET_STR(textp_) \
-	DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout, PointerGetDatum(textp_)))
-#define PG_STR_GET_TEXT(str_) \
-	DatumGetTextP(DirectFunctionCall1(textin, CStringGetDatum(str_)))
-#define TEXTLEN(textp) \
-	text_length(PointerGetDatum(textp))
-
 static int	text_cmp(text *arg1, text *arg2);
 static int32 text_length(Datum str);
 static int	text_position(text *t1, text *t2);
@@ -67,10 +58,107 @@ static text *text_substring(Datum str,
 			   int32 start,
 			   int32 length,
 			   bool length_not_specified);
-
 static void appendStringInfoText(StringInfo str, const text *t);
 
 
+/*****************************************************************************
+ *	 CONVERSION ROUTINES EXPORTED FOR USE BY C CODE							 *
+ *****************************************************************************/
+
+/*
+ * cstring_to_text
+ *
+ * Create a text value from a null-terminated C string.
+ *
+ * The new text value is freshly palloc'd with a full-size VARHDR.
+ */
+text *
+cstring_to_text(const char *s)
+{
+	return cstring_to_text_with_len(s, strlen(s));
+}
+
+/*
+ * cstring_to_text_with_len
+ *
+ * Same as cstring_to_text except the caller specifies the string length;
+ * the string need not be null_terminated.
+ */
+text *
+cstring_to_text_with_len(const char *s, int len)
+{
+	text	   *result = (text *) palloc(len + VARHDRSZ);
+
+	SET_VARSIZE(result, len + VARHDRSZ);
+	memcpy(VARDATA(result), s, len);
+
+	return result;
+}
+
+/*
+ * text_to_cstring
+ *
+ * Create a palloc'd, null-terminated C string from a text value.
+ *
+ * We support being passed a compressed or toasted text value.
+ * This is a bit bogus since such values shouldn't really be referred to as
+ * "text *", but it seems useful for robustness.  If we didn't handle that
+ * case here, we'd need another routine that did, anyway.
+ */
+char *
+text_to_cstring(const text *t)
+{
+	/* must cast away the const, unfortunately */
+	text	   *tunpacked = pg_detoast_datum_packed((struct varlena *) t);
+	int			len = VARSIZE_ANY_EXHDR(tunpacked);
+	char	   *result;
+
+	result = (char *) palloc(len + 1);
+	memcpy(result, VARDATA_ANY(tunpacked), len);
+	result[len] = '\0';
+
+	if (tunpacked != t)
+		pfree(tunpacked);
+	
+	return result;
+}
+
+/*
+ * text_to_cstring_buffer
+ *
+ * Copy a text value into a caller-supplied buffer of size dst_len.
+ *
+ * The text string is truncated if necessary to fit.  The result is
+ * guaranteed null-terminated (unless dst_len == 0).
+ *
+ * We support being passed a compressed or toasted text value.
+ * This is a bit bogus since such values shouldn't really be referred to as
+ * "text *", but it seems useful for robustness.  If we didn't handle that
+ * case here, we'd need another routine that did, anyway.
+ */
+void
+text_to_cstring_buffer(const text *src, char *dst, size_t dst_len)
+{
+	/* must cast away the const, unfortunately */
+	text	   *srcunpacked = pg_detoast_datum_packed((struct varlena *) src);
+	size_t		src_len = VARSIZE_ANY_EXHDR(srcunpacked);
+
+	if (dst_len > 0)
+	{
+		dst_len--;
+		if (dst_len >= src_len)
+			dst_len = src_len;
+		else					/* ensure truncation is encoding-safe */
+			dst_len = pg_mbcliplen(VARDATA_ANY(srcunpacked), src_len, dst_len);
+		memcpy(dst, VARDATA_ANY(srcunpacked), dst_len);
+		dst[dst_len] = '\0';
+	}
+
+	if (srcunpacked != src)
+		pfree(srcunpacked);
+}
+
+
 /*****************************************************************************
  *	 USER I/O ROUTINES														 *
  *****************************************************************************/
@@ -259,16 +347,8 @@ Datum
 textin(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
 	char	   *inputText = PG_GETARG_CSTRING(0);
-	text	   *result;
-	int			len;
-
-	len = strlen(inputText);
-	result = (text *) palloc(len + VARHDRSZ);
-	SET_VARSIZE(result, len + VARHDRSZ);
 
-	memcpy(VARDATA(result), inputText, len);
-
-	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(result);
+	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(cstring_to_text(inputText));
 }
 
 /*
@@ -277,16 +357,9 @@ textin(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 Datum
 textout(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
-	text	   *t = PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0);
-	int			len;
-	char	   *result;
+	Datum		txt = PG_GETARG_DATUM(0);
 
-	len = VARSIZE_ANY_EXHDR(t);
-	result = (char *) palloc(len + 1);
-	memcpy(result, VARDATA_ANY(t), len);
-	result[len] = '\0';
-
-	PG_RETURN_CSTRING(result);
+	PG_RETURN_CSTRING(TextDatumGetCString(txt));
 }
 
 /*
@@ -302,9 +375,7 @@ textrecv(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 
 	str = pq_getmsgtext(buf, buf->len - buf->cursor, &nbytes);
 
-	result = (text *) palloc(nbytes + VARHDRSZ);
-	SET_VARSIZE(result, nbytes + VARHDRSZ);
-	memcpy(VARDATA(result), str, nbytes);
+	result = cstring_to_text_with_len(str, nbytes);
 	pfree(str);
 	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(result);
 }
@@ -600,7 +671,7 @@ text_substring(Datum str, int32 start, int32 length, bool length_not_specified)
 			 * string.
 			 */
 			if (E < 1)
-				return PG_STR_GET_TEXT("");
+				return cstring_to_text("");
 
 			L1 = E - S1;
 		}
@@ -664,7 +735,7 @@ text_substring(Datum str, int32 start, int32 length, bool length_not_specified)
 			 * string.
 			 */
 			if (E < 1)
-				return PG_STR_GET_TEXT("");
+				return cstring_to_text("");
 
 			/*
 			 * if E is past the end of the string, the tuple toaster will
@@ -693,7 +764,7 @@ text_substring(Datum str, int32 start, int32 length, bool length_not_specified)
 		{
 			if (slice != (text *) DatumGetPointer(str))
 				pfree(slice);
-			return PG_STR_GET_TEXT("");
+			return cstring_to_text("");
 		}
 
 		/* Now we can get the actual length of the slice in MB characters */
@@ -708,7 +779,7 @@ text_substring(Datum str, int32 start, int32 length, bool length_not_specified)
 		{
 			if (slice != (text *) DatumGetPointer(str))
 				pfree(slice);
-			return PG_STR_GET_TEXT("");
+			return cstring_to_text("");
 		}
 
 		/*
@@ -1759,16 +1830,8 @@ Datum
 name_text(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
 	Name		s = PG_GETARG_NAME(0);
-	text	   *result;
-	int			len;
-
-	len = strlen(NameStr(*s));
-
-	result = palloc(VARHDRSZ + len);
-	SET_VARSIZE(result, VARHDRSZ + len);
-	memcpy(VARDATA(result), NameStr(*s), len);
 
-	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(result);
+	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(cstring_to_text(NameStr(*s)));
 }
 
 
@@ -1790,8 +1853,7 @@ textToQualifiedNameList(text *textval)
 
 	/* Convert to C string (handles possible detoasting). */
 	/* Note we rely on being able to modify rawname below. */
-	rawname = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout,
-												  PointerGetDatum(textval)));
+	rawname = text_to_cstring(textval);
 
 	if (!SplitIdentifierString(rawname, '.', &namelist))
 		ereport(ERROR,
@@ -2103,7 +2165,7 @@ byteacmp(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
  * appendStringInfoText
  *
  * Append a text to str.
- * Like appendStringInfoString(str, PG_TEXT_GET_STR(s)) but faster.
+ * Like appendStringInfoString(str, text_to_cstring(t)) but faster.
  */
 static void
 appendStringInfoText(StringInfo str, const text *t)
@@ -2191,7 +2253,7 @@ replace_text(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 
 	text_position_cleanup(&state);
 
-	ret_text = PG_STR_GET_TEXT(str.data);
+	ret_text = cstring_to_text_with_len(str.data, str.len);
 	pfree(str.data);
 
 	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(ret_text);
@@ -2458,7 +2520,7 @@ replace_text_regexp(text *src_text, void *regexp,
 		appendBinaryStringInfo(&buf, start_ptr, chunk_len);
 	}
 
-	ret_text = PG_STR_GET_TEXT(buf.data);
+	ret_text = cstring_to_text_with_len(buf.data, buf.len);
 	pfree(buf.data);
 	pfree(data);
 
@@ -2503,7 +2565,7 @@ split_text(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	if (inputstring_len < 1)
 	{
 		text_position_cleanup(&state);
-		PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(PG_STR_GET_TEXT(""));
+		PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(cstring_to_text(""));
 	}
 
 	/* empty field separator */
@@ -2514,7 +2576,7 @@ split_text(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 		if (fldnum == 1)
 			PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(inputstring);
 		else
-			PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(PG_STR_GET_TEXT(""));
+			PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(cstring_to_text(""));
 	}
 
 	/* identify bounds of first field */
@@ -2529,7 +2591,7 @@ split_text(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 		if (fldnum == 1)
 			PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(inputstring);
 		else
-			PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(PG_STR_GET_TEXT(""));
+			PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(cstring_to_text(""));
 	}
 
 	while (end_posn > 0 && --fldnum > 0)
@@ -2551,7 +2613,7 @@ split_text(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 										 -1,
 										 true);
 		else
-			result_text = PG_STR_GET_TEXT("");
+			result_text = cstring_to_text("");
 	}
 	else
 	{
@@ -2636,9 +2698,7 @@ text_to_array(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 		}
 
 		/* must build a temp text datum to pass to accumArrayResult */
-		result_text = (text *) palloc(VARHDRSZ + chunk_len);
-		SET_VARSIZE(result_text, VARHDRSZ + chunk_len);
-		memcpy(VARDATA(result_text), start_ptr, chunk_len);
+		result_text = cstring_to_text_with_len(start_ptr, chunk_len);
 
 		/* stash away this field */
 		astate = accumArrayResult(astate,
@@ -2673,7 +2733,7 @@ Datum
 array_to_text(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
 	ArrayType  *v = PG_GETARG_ARRAYTYPE_P(0);
-	char	   *fldsep = PG_TEXTARG_GET_STR(1);
+	char	   *fldsep = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(1));
 	int			nitems,
 			   *dims,
 				ndims;
@@ -2695,7 +2755,7 @@ array_to_text(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 
 	/* if there are no elements, return an empty string */
 	if (nitems == 0)
-		PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(PG_STR_GET_TEXT(""));
+		PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(cstring_to_text(""));
 
 	element_type = ARR_ELEMTYPE(v);
 	initStringInfo(&buf);
@@ -2773,7 +2833,7 @@ array_to_text(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 		}
 	}
 
-	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(PG_STR_GET_TEXT(buf.data));
+	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(cstring_to_text_with_len(buf.data, buf.len));
 }
 
 #define HEXBASE 16
@@ -2785,7 +2845,6 @@ Datum
 to_hex32(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
 	uint32		value = (uint32) PG_GETARG_INT32(0);
-	text	   *result_text;
 	char	   *ptr;
 	const char *digits = "0123456789abcdef";
 	char		buf[32];		/* bigger than needed, but reasonable */
@@ -2799,8 +2858,7 @@ to_hex32(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 		value /= HEXBASE;
 	} while (ptr > buf && value);
 
-	result_text = PG_STR_GET_TEXT(ptr);
-	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(result_text);
+	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(cstring_to_text(ptr));
 }
 
 /*
@@ -2811,7 +2869,6 @@ Datum
 to_hex64(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
 	uint64		value = (uint64) PG_GETARG_INT64(0);
-	text	   *result_text;
 	char	   *ptr;
 	const char *digits = "0123456789abcdef";
 	char		buf[32];		/* bigger than needed, but reasonable */
@@ -2825,8 +2882,7 @@ to_hex64(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 		value /= HEXBASE;
 	} while (ptr > buf && value);
 
-	result_text = PG_STR_GET_TEXT(ptr);
-	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(result_text);
+	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(cstring_to_text(ptr));
 }
 
 /*
@@ -2842,7 +2898,6 @@ md5_text(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	text	   *in_text = PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0);
 	size_t		len;
 	char		hexsum[MD5_HASH_LEN + 1];
-	text	   *result_text;
 
 	/* Calculate the length of the buffer using varlena metadata */
 	len = VARSIZE_ANY_EXHDR(in_text);
@@ -2854,8 +2909,7 @@ md5_text(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 				 errmsg("out of memory")));
 
 	/* convert to text and return it */
-	result_text = PG_STR_GET_TEXT(hexsum);
-	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(result_text);
+	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(cstring_to_text(hexsum));
 }
 
 /*
@@ -2868,7 +2922,6 @@ md5_bytea(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	bytea	   *in = PG_GETARG_BYTEA_PP(0);
 	size_t		len;
 	char		hexsum[MD5_HASH_LEN + 1];
-	text	   *result_text;
 
 	len = VARSIZE_ANY_EXHDR(in);
 	if (pg_md5_hash(VARDATA_ANY(in), len, hexsum) == false)
@@ -2876,8 +2929,7 @@ md5_bytea(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 				(errcode(ERRCODE_OUT_OF_MEMORY),
 				 errmsg("out of memory")));
 
-	result_text = PG_STR_GET_TEXT(hexsum);
-	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(result_text);
+	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(cstring_to_text(hexsum));
 }
 
 /*
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/version.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/version.c
index 0ffe0da0429..1a2619c4c6e 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/version.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/version.c
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
  *
- * $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/adt/version.c,v 1.16 2008/01/01 19:45:53 momjian Exp $
+ * $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/adt/version.c,v 1.17 2008/03/25 22:42:44 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -20,11 +20,5 @@
 Datum
 pgsql_version(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
-	int			n = strlen(PG_VERSION_STR);
-	text	   *ret = (text *) palloc(n + VARHDRSZ);
-
-	SET_VARSIZE(ret, n + VARHDRSZ);
-	memcpy(VARDATA(ret), PG_VERSION_STR, n);
-
-	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(ret);
+	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(cstring_to_text(PG_VERSION_STR));
 }
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/xml.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/xml.c
index f0a668b2927..c4960bcecfb 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/xml.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/xml.c
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
  * Portions Copyright (c) 1996-2008, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
  * Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
  *
- * $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/adt/xml.c,v 1.70 2008/03/24 19:12:49 tgl Exp $
+ * $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/adt/xml.c,v 1.71 2008/03/25 22:42:44 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -141,10 +141,6 @@ static void SPI_sql_row_to_xmlelement(int rownum, StringInfo result,
 			 errhint("You need to rebuild PostgreSQL using --with-libxml.")))
 
 
-#define _textin(str) DirectFunctionCall1(textin, CStringGetDatum(str))
-#define _textout(x) DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout, PointerGetDatum(x)))
-
-
 /* from SQL/XML:2003 section 4.7 */
 #define NAMESPACE_XSD "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
 #define NAMESPACE_XSI "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
@@ -168,19 +164,22 @@ xmlChar_to_encoding(xmlChar * encoding_name)
 #endif
 
 
+/*
+ * xml_in uses a plain C string to VARDATA conversion, so for the time being
+ * we use the conversion function for the text datatype.
+ *
+ * This is only acceptable so long as xmltype and text use the same
+ * representation.
+ */
 Datum
 xml_in(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
 #ifdef USE_LIBXML
 	char	   *s = PG_GETARG_CSTRING(0);
-	size_t		len;
 	xmltype    *vardata;
 	xmlDocPtr	doc;
 
-	len = strlen(s);
-	vardata = palloc(len + VARHDRSZ);
-	SET_VARSIZE(vardata, len + VARHDRSZ);
-	memcpy(VARDATA(vardata), s, len);
+	vardata = (xmltype *) cstring_to_text(s);
 
 	/*
 	 * Parse the data to check if it is well-formed XML data.  Assume that
@@ -200,6 +199,13 @@ xml_in(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 #define PG_XML_DEFAULT_VERSION "1.0"
 
 
+/*
+ * xml_out_internal uses a plain VARDATA to C string conversion, so for the
+ * time being we use the conversion function for the text datatype.
+ *
+ * This is only acceptable so long as xmltype and text use the same
+ * representation.
+ */
 static char *
 xml_out_internal(xmltype *x, pg_enc target_encoding)
 {
@@ -213,10 +219,8 @@ xml_out_internal(xmltype *x, pg_enc target_encoding)
 	int			res_code;
 #endif
 
-	len = VARSIZE(x) - VARHDRSZ;
-	str = palloc(len + 1);
-	memcpy(str, VARDATA(x), len);
-	str[len] = '\0';
+	str = text_to_cstring((text *) x);
+	len = strlen(str);
 
 #ifdef USE_LIBXML
 	if ((res_code = parse_xml_decl((xmlChar *) str,
@@ -713,7 +717,7 @@ xmlpi(char *target, text *arg, bool arg_is_null, bool *result_is_null)
 	{
 		char	   *string;
 
-		string = _textout(arg);
+		string = text_to_cstring(arg);
 		if (strstr(string, "?>") != NULL)
 			ereport(ERROR,
 					(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_XML_PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION),
@@ -1930,7 +1934,7 @@ table_to_xml(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	Oid			relid = PG_GETARG_OID(0);
 	bool		nulls = PG_GETARG_BOOL(1);
 	bool		tableforest = PG_GETARG_BOOL(2);
-	const char *targetns = _textout(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(3));
+	const char *targetns = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(3));
 
 	PG_RETURN_XML_P(stringinfo_to_xmltype(table_to_xml_internal(relid, NULL,
 														  nulls, tableforest,
@@ -1941,10 +1945,10 @@ table_to_xml(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 Datum
 query_to_xml(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
-	char	   *query = _textout(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0));
+	char	   *query = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0));
 	bool		nulls = PG_GETARG_BOOL(1);
 	bool		tableforest = PG_GETARG_BOOL(2);
-	const char *targetns = _textout(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(3));
+	const char *targetns = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(3));
 
 	PG_RETURN_XML_P(stringinfo_to_xmltype(query_to_xml_internal(query, NULL,
 													NULL, nulls, tableforest,
@@ -1955,11 +1959,11 @@ query_to_xml(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 Datum
 cursor_to_xml(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
-	char	   *name = _textout(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0));
+	char	   *name = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0));
 	int32		count = PG_GETARG_INT32(1);
 	bool		nulls = PG_GETARG_BOOL(2);
 	bool		tableforest = PG_GETARG_BOOL(3);
-	const char *targetns = _textout(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(4));
+	const char *targetns = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(4));
 
 	StringInfoData result;
 	Portal		portal;
@@ -2079,7 +2083,7 @@ table_to_xmlschema(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	Oid			relid = PG_GETARG_OID(0);
 	bool		nulls = PG_GETARG_BOOL(1);
 	bool		tableforest = PG_GETARG_BOOL(2);
-	const char *targetns = _textout(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(3));
+	const char *targetns = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(3));
 	const char *result;
 	Relation	rel;
 
@@ -2095,10 +2099,10 @@ table_to_xmlschema(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 Datum
 query_to_xmlschema(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
-	char	   *query = _textout(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0));
+	char	   *query = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0));
 	bool		nulls = PG_GETARG_BOOL(1);
 	bool		tableforest = PG_GETARG_BOOL(2);
-	const char *targetns = _textout(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(3));
+	const char *targetns = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(3));
 	const char *result;
 	SPIPlanPtr	plan;
 	Portal		portal;
@@ -2124,10 +2128,10 @@ query_to_xmlschema(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 Datum
 cursor_to_xmlschema(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
-	char	   *name = _textout(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0));
+	char	   *name = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0));
 	bool		nulls = PG_GETARG_BOOL(1);
 	bool		tableforest = PG_GETARG_BOOL(2);
-	const char *targetns = _textout(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(3));
+	const char *targetns = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(3));
 	const char *xmlschema;
 	Portal		portal;
 
@@ -2153,7 +2157,7 @@ table_to_xml_and_xmlschema(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	Oid			relid = PG_GETARG_OID(0);
 	bool		nulls = PG_GETARG_BOOL(1);
 	bool		tableforest = PG_GETARG_BOOL(2);
-	const char *targetns = _textout(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(3));
+	const char *targetns = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(3));
 	Relation	rel;
 	const char *xmlschema;
 
@@ -2171,10 +2175,10 @@ table_to_xml_and_xmlschema(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 Datum
 query_to_xml_and_xmlschema(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
-	char	   *query = _textout(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0));
+	char	   *query = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0));
 	bool		nulls = PG_GETARG_BOOL(1);
 	bool		tableforest = PG_GETARG_BOOL(2);
-	const char *targetns = _textout(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(3));
+	const char *targetns = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(3));
 
 	const char *xmlschema;
 	SPIPlanPtr	plan;
@@ -2255,7 +2259,7 @@ schema_to_xml(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	Name		name = PG_GETARG_NAME(0);
 	bool		nulls = PG_GETARG_BOOL(1);
 	bool		tableforest = PG_GETARG_BOOL(2);
-	const char *targetns = _textout(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(3));
+	const char *targetns = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(3));
 
 	char	   *schemaname;
 	Oid			nspid;
@@ -2346,7 +2350,7 @@ schema_to_xmlschema(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	Name		name = PG_GETARG_NAME(0);
 	bool		nulls = PG_GETARG_BOOL(1);
 	bool		tableforest = PG_GETARG_BOOL(2);
-	const char *targetns = _textout(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(3));
+	const char *targetns = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(3));
 
 	PG_RETURN_XML_P(stringinfo_to_xmltype(schema_to_xmlschema_internal(NameStr(*name),
 											 nulls, tableforest, targetns)));
@@ -2359,7 +2363,7 @@ schema_to_xml_and_xmlschema(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	Name		name = PG_GETARG_NAME(0);
 	bool		nulls = PG_GETARG_BOOL(1);
 	bool		tableforest = PG_GETARG_BOOL(2);
-	const char *targetns = _textout(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(3));
+	const char *targetns = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(3));
 	char	   *schemaname;
 	Oid			nspid;
 	StringInfo	xmlschema;
@@ -2431,7 +2435,7 @@ database_to_xml(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
 	bool		nulls = PG_GETARG_BOOL(0);
 	bool		tableforest = PG_GETARG_BOOL(1);
-	const char *targetns = _textout(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(2));
+	const char *targetns = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(2));
 
 	PG_RETURN_XML_P(stringinfo_to_xmltype(database_to_xml_internal(NULL, nulls,
 													tableforest, targetns)));
@@ -2486,7 +2490,7 @@ database_to_xmlschema(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
 	bool		nulls = PG_GETARG_BOOL(0);
 	bool		tableforest = PG_GETARG_BOOL(1);
-	const char *targetns = _textout(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(2));
+	const char *targetns = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(2));
 
 	PG_RETURN_XML_P(stringinfo_to_xmltype(database_to_xmlschema_internal(nulls,
 													tableforest, targetns)));
@@ -2498,7 +2502,7 @@ database_to_xml_and_xmlschema(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
 	bool		nulls = PG_GETARG_BOOL(0);
 	bool		tableforest = PG_GETARG_BOOL(1);
-	const char *targetns = _textout(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(2));
+	const char *targetns = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(2));
 	StringInfo	xmlschema;
 
 	xmlschema = database_to_xmlschema_internal(nulls, tableforest, targetns);
@@ -3198,7 +3202,7 @@ xml_xmlnodetoxmltype(xmlNodePtr cur)
 	{
 		str = xmlXPathCastNodeToString(cur);
 		len = strlen((char *) str);
-		result = (text *) palloc(len + VARHDRSZ);
+		result = (xmltype *) palloc(len + VARHDRSZ);
 		SET_VARSIZE(result, len + VARHDRSZ);
 		memcpy(VARDATA(result), str, len);
 	}
@@ -3363,8 +3367,8 @@ xpath(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 				ereport(ERROR,
 						(errcode(ERRCODE_NULL_VALUE_NOT_ALLOWED),
 						 errmsg("neither namespace name nor URI may be null")));
-			ns_name = _textout(ns_names_uris[i * 2]);
-			ns_uri = _textout(ns_names_uris[i * 2 + 1]);
+			ns_name = TextDatumGetCString(ns_names_uris[i * 2]);
+			ns_uri = TextDatumGetCString(ns_names_uris[i * 2 + 1]);
 			if (xmlXPathRegisterNs(xpathctx,
 								   (xmlChar *) ns_name,
 								   (xmlChar *) ns_uri) != 0)
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/cache/lsyscache.c b/src/backend/utils/cache/lsyscache.c
index 70872f56c7b..76e39ca8af7 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/cache/lsyscache.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/cache/lsyscache.c
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
  * Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/cache/lsyscache.c,v 1.155 2008/01/01 19:45:53 momjian Exp $
+ *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/cache/lsyscache.c,v 1.156 2008/03/25 22:42:44 tgl Exp $
  *
  * NOTES
  *	  Eventually, the index information should go through here, too.
@@ -1971,8 +1971,7 @@ get_typdefault(Oid typid)
 	if (!isNull)
 	{
 		/* We have an expression default */
-		expr = stringToNode(DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout,
-																datum)));
+		expr = stringToNode(TextDatumGetCString(datum));
 	}
 	else
 	{
@@ -1987,8 +1986,7 @@ get_typdefault(Oid typid)
 			char	   *strDefaultVal;
 
 			/* Convert text datum to C string */
-			strDefaultVal = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout,
-																datum));
+			strDefaultVal = TextDatumGetCString(datum);
 			/* Convert C string to a value of the given type */
 			datum = OidInputFunctionCall(type->typinput, strDefaultVal,
 										 getTypeIOParam(typeTuple), -1);
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c
index ca4305c60ba..e6f7eef8005 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
  *
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c,v 1.267 2008/02/27 17:44:19 tgl Exp $
+ *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c,v 1.268 2008/03/25 22:42:44 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -642,7 +642,6 @@ RelationBuildRuleLock(Relation relation)
 		Form_pg_rewrite rewrite_form = (Form_pg_rewrite) GETSTRUCT(rewrite_tuple);
 		bool		isnull;
 		Datum		rule_datum;
-		text	   *rule_text;
 		char	   *rule_str;
 		RewriteRule *rule;
 
@@ -667,30 +666,22 @@ RelationBuildRuleLock(Relation relation)
 								  rewrite_tupdesc,
 								  &isnull);
 		Assert(!isnull);
-		rule_text = DatumGetTextP(rule_datum);
-		rule_str = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout,
-												PointerGetDatum(rule_text)));
+		rule_str = TextDatumGetCString(rule_datum);
 		oldcxt = MemoryContextSwitchTo(rulescxt);
 		rule->actions = (List *) stringToNode(rule_str);
 		MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldcxt);
 		pfree(rule_str);
-		if ((Pointer) rule_text != DatumGetPointer(rule_datum))
-			pfree(rule_text);
 
 		rule_datum = heap_getattr(rewrite_tuple,
 								  Anum_pg_rewrite_ev_qual,
 								  rewrite_tupdesc,
 								  &isnull);
 		Assert(!isnull);
-		rule_text = DatumGetTextP(rule_datum);
-		rule_str = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout,
-												PointerGetDatum(rule_text)));
+		rule_str = TextDatumGetCString(rule_datum);
 		oldcxt = MemoryContextSwitchTo(rulescxt);
 		rule->qual = (Node *) stringToNode(rule_str);
 		MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldcxt);
 		pfree(rule_str);
-		if ((Pointer) rule_text != DatumGetPointer(rule_datum))
-			pfree(rule_text);
 
 		/*
 		 * We want the rule's table references to be checked as though by the
@@ -2770,8 +2761,7 @@ AttrDefaultFetch(Relation relation)
 					 RelationGetRelationName(relation));
 			else
 				attrdef[i].adbin = MemoryContextStrdup(CacheMemoryContext,
-								 DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout,
-																	 val)));
+													TextDatumGetCString(val));
 			break;
 		}
 
@@ -2834,8 +2824,7 @@ CheckConstraintFetch(Relation relation)
 				 RelationGetRelationName(relation));
 
 		check[found].ccbin = MemoryContextStrdup(CacheMemoryContext,
-								 DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout,
-																	 val)));
+												 TextDatumGetCString(val));
 		found++;
 	}
 
@@ -3068,7 +3057,7 @@ RelationGetIndexExpressions(Relation relation)
 							  GetPgIndexDescriptor(),
 							  &isnull);
 	Assert(!isnull);
-	exprsString = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout, exprsDatum));
+	exprsString = TextDatumGetCString(exprsDatum);
 	result = (List *) stringToNode(exprsString);
 	pfree(exprsString);
 
@@ -3135,7 +3124,7 @@ RelationGetIndexPredicate(Relation relation)
 							 GetPgIndexDescriptor(),
 							 &isnull);
 	Assert(!isnull);
-	predString = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout, predDatum));
+	predString = TextDatumGetCString(predDatum);
 	result = (List *) stringToNode(predString);
 	pfree(predString);
 
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/fmgr/fmgr.c b/src/backend/utils/fmgr/fmgr.c
index 19216b4381c..e06da243ab0 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/fmgr/fmgr.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/fmgr/fmgr.c
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
  *
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/fmgr/fmgr.c,v 1.113 2008/01/03 21:23:15 tgl Exp $
+ *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/fmgr/fmgr.c,v 1.114 2008/03/25 22:42:45 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -246,8 +246,7 @@ fmgr_info_cxt_security(Oid functionId, FmgrInfo *finfo, MemoryContext mcxt,
 										  Anum_pg_proc_prosrc, &isnull);
 			if (isnull)
 				elog(ERROR, "null prosrc");
-			prosrc = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout,
-														 prosrcdatum));
+			prosrc = TextDatumGetCString(prosrcdatum);
 			fbp = fmgr_lookupByName(prosrc);
 			if (fbp == NULL)
 				ereport(ERROR,
@@ -315,15 +314,13 @@ fmgr_info_C_lang(Oid functionId, FmgrInfo *finfo, HeapTuple procedureTuple)
 									 Anum_pg_proc_prosrc, &isnull);
 		if (isnull)
 			elog(ERROR, "null prosrc for function %u", functionId);
-		prosrcstring = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout,
-														   prosrcattr));
+		prosrcstring = TextDatumGetCString(prosrcattr);
 
 		probinattr = SysCacheGetAttr(PROCOID, procedureTuple,
 									 Anum_pg_proc_probin, &isnull);
 		if (isnull)
 			elog(ERROR, "null probin for function %u", functionId);
-		probinstring = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout,
-														   probinattr));
+		probinstring = TextDatumGetCString(probinattr);
 
 		/* Look up the function itself */
 		user_fn = load_external_function(probinstring, prosrcstring, true,
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/fmgr/funcapi.c b/src/backend/utils/fmgr/funcapi.c
index 4bb230a3f36..42586f13aa1 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/fmgr/funcapi.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/fmgr/funcapi.c
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
  * Copyright (c) 2002-2008, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/fmgr/funcapi.c,v 1.38 2008/02/29 02:49:39 neilc Exp $
+ *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/fmgr/funcapi.c,v 1.39 2008/03/25 22:42:45 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -741,8 +741,7 @@ get_func_arg_info(HeapTuple procTup,
 			elog(ERROR, "proargnames must have the same number of elements as the function has arguments");
 		*p_argnames = (char **) palloc(sizeof(char *) * numargs);
 		for (i = 0; i < numargs; i++)
-			(*p_argnames)[i] = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout,
-																   elems[i]));
+			(*p_argnames)[i] = TextDatumGetCString(elems[i]);
 	}
 
 	/* Get argument modes, if available */
@@ -855,8 +854,7 @@ get_func_result_name(Oid functionId)
 				result = NULL;
 				break;
 			}
-			result = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout,
-														 argnames[i]));
+			result = TextDatumGetCString(argnames[i]);
 			if (result == NULL || result[0] == '\0')
 			{
 				/* Parameter is not named, so forget it */
@@ -1002,7 +1000,7 @@ build_function_result_tupdesc_d(Datum proallargtypes,
 			   argmodes[i] == PROARGMODE_INOUT);
 		outargtypes[numoutargs] = argtypes[i];
 		if (argnames)
-			pname = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout, argnames[i]));
+			pname = TextDatumGetCString(argnames[i]);
 		else
 			pname = NULL;
 		if (pname == NULL || pname[0] == '\0')
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/init/flatfiles.c b/src/backend/utils/init/flatfiles.c
index aa155a07bb3..cffbc51bbdc 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/init/flatfiles.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/init/flatfiles.c
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
  * Portions Copyright (c) 1996-2008, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
  * Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
  *
- * $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/init/flatfiles.c,v 1.30 2008/01/01 19:45:53 momjian Exp $
+ * $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/init/flatfiles.c,v 1.31 2008/03/25 22:42:45 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -461,13 +461,14 @@ write_auth_file(Relation rel_authid, Relation rel_authmem)
 			 * it is, ignore it, since we can't handle that in startup mode.
 			 *
 			 * It is entirely likely that it's 1-byte format not 4-byte, and
-			 * theoretically possible that it's compressed inline, but textout
-			 * should be able to handle those cases even in startup mode.
+			 * theoretically possible that it's compressed inline, but
+			 * text_to_cstring should be able to handle those cases even in
+			 * startup mode.
 			 */
 			if (VARATT_IS_EXTERNAL(DatumGetPointer(datum)))
 				auth_info[curr_role].rolpassword = pstrdup("");
 			else
-				auth_info[curr_role].rolpassword = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout, datum));
+				auth_info[curr_role].rolpassword = TextDatumGetCString(datum);
 
 			/* assume passwd has attlen -1 */
 			off = att_addlength_pointer(off, -1, tp + off);
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/misc/guc.c b/src/backend/utils/misc/guc.c
index 6839a165dd6..938b3acd837 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/misc/guc.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/misc/guc.c
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
  * Written by Peter Eisentraut <peter_e@gmx.net>.
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/misc/guc.c,v 1.439 2008/03/17 17:45:09 mha Exp $
+ *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/misc/guc.c,v 1.440 2008/03/25 22:42:45 tgl Exp $
  *
  *--------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -5364,7 +5364,6 @@ set_config_by_name(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	char	   *value;
 	char	   *new_value;
 	bool		is_local;
-	text	   *result_text;
 
 	if (PG_ARGISNULL(0))
 		ereport(ERROR,
@@ -5372,13 +5371,13 @@ set_config_by_name(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 				 errmsg("SET requires parameter name")));
 
 	/* Get the GUC variable name */
-	name = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout, PG_GETARG_DATUM(0)));
+	name = TextDatumGetCString(PG_GETARG_DATUM(0));
 
 	/* Get the desired value or set to NULL for a reset request */
 	if (PG_ARGISNULL(1))
 		value = NULL;
 	else
-		value = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout, PG_GETARG_DATUM(1)));
+		value = TextDatumGetCString(PG_GETARG_DATUM(1));
 
 	/*
 	 * Get the desired state of is_local. Default to false if provided value
@@ -5401,10 +5400,7 @@ set_config_by_name(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	new_value = GetConfigOptionByName(name, NULL);
 
 	/* Convert return string to text */
-	result_text = DatumGetTextP(DirectFunctionCall1(textin, CStringGetDatum(new_value)));
-
-	/* return it */
-	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(result_text);
+	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(cstring_to_text(new_value));
 }
 
 
@@ -5992,19 +5988,15 @@ show_config_by_name(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
 	char	   *varname;
 	char	   *varval;
-	text	   *result_text;
 
 	/* Get the GUC variable name */
-	varname = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout, PG_GETARG_DATUM(0)));
+	varname = TextDatumGetCString(PG_GETARG_DATUM(0));
 
 	/* Get the value */
 	varval = GetConfigOptionByName(varname, NULL);
 
 	/* Convert to text */
-	result_text = DatumGetTextP(DirectFunctionCall1(textin, CStringGetDatum(varval)));
-
-	/* return it */
-	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(result_text);
+	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(cstring_to_text(varval));
 }
 
 /*
@@ -6609,7 +6601,7 @@ ProcessGUCArray(ArrayType *array,
 		if (isnull)
 			continue;
 
-		s = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout, d));
+		s = TextDatumGetCString(d);
 
 		ParseLongOption(s, &name, &value);
 		if (!value)
@@ -6657,7 +6649,7 @@ GUCArrayAdd(ArrayType *array, const char *name, const char *value)
 
 	newval = palloc(strlen(name) + 1 + strlen(value) + 1);
 	sprintf(newval, "%s=%s", name, value);
-	datum = DirectFunctionCall1(textin, CStringGetDatum(newval));
+	datum = CStringGetTextDatum(newval);
 
 	if (array)
 	{
@@ -6684,7 +6676,7 @@ GUCArrayAdd(ArrayType *array, const char *name, const char *value)
 						  &isnull);
 			if (isnull)
 				continue;
-			current = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout, d));
+			current = TextDatumGetCString(d);
 			if (strncmp(current, newval, strlen(name) + 1) == 0)
 			{
 				index = i;
@@ -6754,7 +6746,7 @@ GUCArrayDelete(ArrayType *array, const char *name)
 					  &isnull);
 		if (isnull)
 			continue;
-		val = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout, d));
+		val = TextDatumGetCString(d);
 
 		/* ignore entry if it's what we want to delete */
 		if (strncmp(val, name, strlen(name)) == 0
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/mmgr/portalmem.c b/src/backend/utils/mmgr/portalmem.c
index 63bf48124a8..4940f7721f6 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/mmgr/portalmem.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/mmgr/portalmem.c
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
  * Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/mmgr/portalmem.c,v 1.107 2008/03/25 19:26:53 neilc Exp $
+ *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/mmgr/portalmem.c,v 1.108 2008/03/25 22:42:45 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -923,12 +923,11 @@ pg_cursor(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 
 		MemSet(nulls, 0, sizeof(nulls));
 
-		values[0] = DirectFunctionCall1(textin, CStringGetDatum(portal->name));
+		values[0] = CStringGetTextDatum(portal->name);
 		if (!portal->sourceText)
 			nulls[1] = true;
 		else
-			values[1] = DirectFunctionCall1(textin,
-										CStringGetDatum(portal->sourceText));
+			values[1] = CStringGetTextDatum(portal->sourceText);
 		values[2] = BoolGetDatum(portal->cursorOptions & CURSOR_OPT_HOLD);
 		values[3] = BoolGetDatum(portal->cursorOptions & CURSOR_OPT_BINARY);
 		values[4] = BoolGetDatum(portal->cursorOptions & CURSOR_OPT_SCROLL);
diff --git a/src/include/tsearch/ts_utils.h b/src/include/tsearch/ts_utils.h
index 7ce5b0cc3cb..bf0e33e58c0 100644
--- a/src/include/tsearch/ts_utils.h
+++ b/src/include/tsearch/ts_utils.h
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
  *
  * Copyright (c) 1998-2008, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
  *
- * $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/include/tsearch/ts_utils.h,v 1.12 2008/01/01 19:45:59 momjian Exp $
+ * $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/include/tsearch/ts_utils.h,v 1.13 2008/03/25 22:42:45 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -106,12 +106,6 @@ extern text *generateHeadline(HeadlineParsedText *prs);
 extern bool TS_execute(QueryItem *curitem, void *checkval, bool calcnot,
 		   bool (*chkcond) (void *checkval, QueryOperand *val));
 
-/*
- * Useful conversion macros
- */
-#define TextPGetCString(t) DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout, PointerGetDatum(t)))
-#define CStringGetTextP(c) DatumGetTextP(DirectFunctionCall1(textin, CStringGetDatum(c)))
-
 /*
  * to_ts* - text transformation to tsvector, tsquery
  */
diff --git a/src/include/utils/builtins.h b/src/include/utils/builtins.h
index 5dbc00fce53..f719b492c14 100644
--- a/src/include/utils/builtins.h
+++ b/src/include/utils/builtins.h
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
  * Portions Copyright (c) 1996-2008, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
  * Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
  *
- * $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/include/utils/builtins.h,v 1.309 2008/03/23 00:24:20 tgl Exp $
+ * $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/include/utils/builtins.h,v 1.310 2008/03/25 22:42:45 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -617,6 +617,14 @@ extern Datum varchartypmodout(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS);
 extern Datum varchar(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS);
 
 /* varlena.c */
+extern text *cstring_to_text(const char *s);
+extern text *cstring_to_text_with_len(const char *s, int len);
+extern char *text_to_cstring(const text *t);
+extern void text_to_cstring_buffer(const text *src, char *dst, size_t dst_len);
+
+#define CStringGetTextDatum(s) PointerGetDatum(cstring_to_text(s))
+#define TextDatumGetCString(d) text_to_cstring((text *) DatumGetPointer(d))
+
 extern Datum textin(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS);
 extern Datum textout(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS);
 extern Datum textrecv(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS);
diff --git a/src/pl/plperl/plperl.c b/src/pl/plperl/plperl.c
index 3ce8f60c262..9922a4a0edb 100644
--- a/src/pl/plperl/plperl.c
+++ b/src/pl/plperl/plperl.c
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /**********************************************************************
  * plperl.c - perl as a procedural language for PostgreSQL
  *
- *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/pl/plperl/plperl.c,v 1.137 2008/03/25 19:26:53 neilc Exp $
+ *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/pl/plperl/plperl.c,v 1.138 2008/03/25 22:42:45 tgl Exp $
  *
  **********************************************************************/
 
@@ -542,7 +542,7 @@ plperl_safe_init(void)
 			desc.arg_is_rowtype[0] = false;
 			fmgr_info(F_TEXTOUT, &(desc.arg_out_func[0]));
 
-			fcinfo.arg[0] = DirectFunctionCall1(textin, CStringGetDatum("a"));
+			fcinfo.arg[0] = CStringGetTextDatum("a");
 			fcinfo.argnull[0] = false;
 			
 			/* and make the call */
@@ -1668,8 +1668,7 @@ compile_plperl_function(Oid fn_oid, bool is_trigger)
 									  Anum_pg_proc_prosrc, &isnull);
 		if (isnull)
 			elog(ERROR, "null prosrc");
-		proc_source = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout,
-														  prosrcdatum));
+		proc_source = TextDatumGetCString(prosrcdatum);
 
 		/************************************************************
 		 * Create the procedure in the interpreter
diff --git a/src/pl/plpgsql/src/pl_comp.c b/src/pl/plpgsql/src/pl_comp.c
index d771b92660a..9f928f702bb 100644
--- a/src/pl/plpgsql/src/pl_comp.c
+++ b/src/pl/plpgsql/src/pl_comp.c
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
  *
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/pl/plpgsql/src/pl_comp.c,v 1.121 2008/01/01 19:46:00 momjian Exp $
+ *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/pl/plpgsql/src/pl_comp.c,v 1.122 2008/03/25 22:42:45 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -292,7 +292,7 @@ do_compile(FunctionCallInfo fcinfo,
 								  Anum_pg_proc_prosrc, &isnull);
 	if (isnull)
 		elog(ERROR, "null prosrc");
-	proc_source = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout, prosrcdatum));
+	proc_source = TextDatumGetCString(prosrcdatum);
 	plpgsql_scanner_init(proc_source, functype);
 
 	plpgsql_error_funcname = pstrdup(NameStr(procStruct->proname));
diff --git a/src/pl/plpgsql/src/pl_exec.c b/src/pl/plpgsql/src/pl_exec.c
index 25702f2a878..635a992820f 100644
--- a/src/pl/plpgsql/src/pl_exec.c
+++ b/src/pl/plpgsql/src/pl_exec.c
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
  *
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/pl/plpgsql/src/pl_exec.c,v 1.203 2008/03/25 19:26:54 neilc Exp $
+ *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/pl/plpgsql/src/pl_exec.c,v 1.204 2008/03/25 22:42:45 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -532,11 +532,11 @@ plpgsql_exec_trigger(PLpgSQL_function *func,
 
 	var = (PLpgSQL_var *) (estate.datums[func->tg_op_varno]);
 	if (TRIGGER_FIRED_BY_INSERT(trigdata->tg_event))
-		var->value = DirectFunctionCall1(textin, CStringGetDatum("INSERT"));
+		var->value = CStringGetTextDatum("INSERT");
 	else if (TRIGGER_FIRED_BY_UPDATE(trigdata->tg_event))
-		var->value = DirectFunctionCall1(textin, CStringGetDatum("UPDATE"));
+		var->value = CStringGetTextDatum("UPDATE");
 	else if (TRIGGER_FIRED_BY_DELETE(trigdata->tg_event))
-		var->value = DirectFunctionCall1(textin, CStringGetDatum("DELETE"));
+		var->value = CStringGetTextDatum("DELETE");
 	else
 		elog(ERROR, "unrecognized trigger action: not INSERT, DELETE, or UPDATE");
 	var->isnull = false;
@@ -550,9 +550,9 @@ plpgsql_exec_trigger(PLpgSQL_function *func,
 
 	var = (PLpgSQL_var *) (estate.datums[func->tg_when_varno]);
 	if (TRIGGER_FIRED_BEFORE(trigdata->tg_event))
-		var->value = DirectFunctionCall1(textin, CStringGetDatum("BEFORE"));
+		var->value = CStringGetTextDatum("BEFORE");
 	else if (TRIGGER_FIRED_AFTER(trigdata->tg_event))
-		var->value = DirectFunctionCall1(textin, CStringGetDatum("AFTER"));
+		var->value = CStringGetTextDatum("AFTER");
 	else
 		elog(ERROR, "unrecognized trigger execution time: not BEFORE or AFTER");
 	var->isnull = false;
@@ -560,9 +560,9 @@ plpgsql_exec_trigger(PLpgSQL_function *func,
 
 	var = (PLpgSQL_var *) (estate.datums[func->tg_level_varno]);
 	if (TRIGGER_FIRED_FOR_ROW(trigdata->tg_event))
-		var->value = DirectFunctionCall1(textin, CStringGetDatum("ROW"));
+		var->value = CStringGetTextDatum("ROW");
 	else if (TRIGGER_FIRED_FOR_STATEMENT(trigdata->tg_event))
-		var->value = DirectFunctionCall1(textin, CStringGetDatum("STATEMENT"));
+		var->value = CStringGetTextDatum("STATEMENT");
 	else
 		elog(ERROR, "unrecognized trigger event type: not ROW or STATEMENT");
 	var->isnull = false;
@@ -611,8 +611,7 @@ plpgsql_exec_trigger(PLpgSQL_function *func,
 	{
 		estate.trig_argv = palloc(sizeof(Datum) * estate.trig_nargs);
 		for (i = 0; i < trigdata->tg_trigger->tgnargs; i++)
-			estate.trig_argv[i] = DirectFunctionCall1(textin,
-						   CStringGetDatum(trigdata->tg_trigger->tgargs[i]));
+			estate.trig_argv[i] = CStringGetTextDatum(trigdata->tg_trigger->tgargs[i]);
 	}
 
 	estate.err_text = gettext_noop("during function entry");
@@ -1070,15 +1069,13 @@ exec_stmt_block(PLpgSQL_execstate *estate, PLpgSQL_stmt_block *block)
 
 					state_var = (PLpgSQL_var *)
 						estate->datums[block->exceptions->sqlstate_varno];
-					state_var->value = DirectFunctionCall1(textin,
-					   CStringGetDatum(unpack_sql_state(edata->sqlerrcode)));
+					state_var->value = CStringGetTextDatum(unpack_sql_state(edata->sqlerrcode));
 					state_var->freeval = true;
 					state_var->isnull = false;
 
 					errm_var = (PLpgSQL_var *)
 						estate->datums[block->exceptions->sqlerrm_varno];
-					errm_var->value = DirectFunctionCall1(textin,
-											CStringGetDatum(edata->message));
+					errm_var->value = CStringGetTextDatum(edata->message);
 					errm_var->freeval = true;
 					errm_var->isnull = false;
 
@@ -3017,7 +3014,7 @@ exec_stmt_open(PLpgSQL_execstate *estate, PLpgSQL_stmt_open *stmt)
 	curvar = (PLpgSQL_var *) (estate->datums[stmt->curvar]);
 	if (!curvar->isnull)
 	{
-		curname = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout, curvar->value));
+		curname = TextDatumGetCString(curvar->value);
 		if (SPI_cursor_find(curname) != NULL)
 			ereport(ERROR,
 					(errcode(ERRCODE_DUPLICATE_CURSOR),
@@ -3090,7 +3087,7 @@ exec_stmt_open(PLpgSQL_execstate *estate, PLpgSQL_stmt_open *stmt)
 		 * ----------
 		 */
 		free_var(curvar);
-		curvar->value = DirectFunctionCall1(textin, CStringGetDatum(portal->name));
+		curvar->value = CStringGetTextDatum(portal->name);
 		curvar->isnull = false;
 		curvar->freeval = true;
 
@@ -3188,7 +3185,7 @@ exec_stmt_open(PLpgSQL_execstate *estate, PLpgSQL_stmt_open *stmt)
 	 * ----------
 	 */
 	free_var(curvar);
-	curvar->value = DirectFunctionCall1(textin, CStringGetDatum(portal->name));
+	curvar->value = CStringGetTextDatum(portal->name);
 	curvar->isnull = false;
 	curvar->freeval = true;
 
@@ -3222,7 +3219,7 @@ exec_stmt_fetch(PLpgSQL_execstate *estate, PLpgSQL_stmt_fetch *stmt)
 		ereport(ERROR,
 				(errcode(ERRCODE_NULL_VALUE_NOT_ALLOWED),
 				 errmsg("cursor variable \"%s\" is NULL", curvar->refname)));
-	curname = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout, curvar->value));
+	curname = TextDatumGetCString(curvar->value);
 
 	portal = SPI_cursor_find(curname);
 	if (portal == NULL)
@@ -3318,7 +3315,7 @@ exec_stmt_close(PLpgSQL_execstate *estate, PLpgSQL_stmt_close *stmt)
 		ereport(ERROR,
 				(errcode(ERRCODE_NULL_VALUE_NOT_ALLOWED),
 				 errmsg("cursor variable \"%s\" is NULL", curvar->refname)));
-	curname = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout, curvar->value));
+	curname = TextDatumGetCString(curvar->value);
 
 	portal = SPI_cursor_find(curname);
 	if (portal == NULL)
diff --git a/src/pl/plpython/plpython.c b/src/pl/plpython/plpython.c
index afbb3abeda8..20177d62e1b 100644
--- a/src/pl/plpython/plpython.c
+++ b/src/pl/plpython/plpython.c
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /**********************************************************************
  * plpython.c - python as a procedural language for PostgreSQL
  *
- *	$PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/pl/plpython/plpython.c,v 1.106 2008/01/02 03:10:27 tgl Exp $
+ *	$PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/pl/plpython/plpython.c,v 1.107 2008/03/25 22:42:45 tgl Exp $
  *
  *********************************************************************
  */
@@ -1298,7 +1298,7 @@ PLy_procedure_create(HeapTuple procTup, Oid tgreloid, char *key)
 
 			/* Fetch argument name */
 			if (proc->argnames)
-				proc->argnames[i] = PLy_strdup(DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout, elems[i])));
+				proc->argnames[i] = PLy_strdup(TextDatumGetCString(elems[i]));
 		}
 
 		/*
@@ -1308,8 +1308,7 @@ PLy_procedure_create(HeapTuple procTup, Oid tgreloid, char *key)
 									  Anum_pg_proc_prosrc, &isnull);
 		if (isnull)
 			elog(ERROR, "null prosrc");
-		procSource = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout,
-														 prosrcdatum));
+		procSource = TextDatumGetCString(prosrcdatum);
 
 		PLy_procedure_compile(proc, procSource);
 
diff --git a/src/pl/tcl/pltcl.c b/src/pl/tcl/pltcl.c
index 4b72b860bbc..508ec301bf8 100644
--- a/src/pl/tcl/pltcl.c
+++ b/src/pl/tcl/pltcl.c
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
  * pltcl.c		- PostgreSQL support for Tcl as
  *				  procedural language (PL)
  *
- *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/pl/tcl/pltcl.c,v 1.117 2007/11/15 21:14:46 momjian Exp $
+ *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/pl/tcl/pltcl.c,v 1.118 2008/03/25 22:42:46 tgl Exp $
  *
  **********************************************************************/
 
@@ -1298,8 +1298,7 @@ compile_pltcl_function(Oid fn_oid, Oid tgreloid)
 									  Anum_pg_proc_prosrc, &isnull);
 		if (isnull)
 			elog(ERROR, "null prosrc");
-		proc_source = DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(textout,
-														  prosrcdatum));
+		proc_source = TextDatumGetCString(prosrcdatum);
 		UTF_BEGIN;
 		Tcl_DStringAppend(&proc_internal_body, UTF_E2U(proc_source), -1);
 		UTF_END;
diff --git a/src/test/regress/regress.c b/src/test/regress/regress.c
index 8f96382dfd6..c5ea947f84e 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/regress.c
+++ b/src/test/regress/regress.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/test/regress/regress.c,v 1.70 2007/03/15 23:12:07 tgl Exp $
+ * $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/test/regress/regress.c,v 1.71 2008/03/25 22:42:46 tgl Exp $
  */
 
 #include "postgres.h"
@@ -556,16 +556,9 @@ ttdummy(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 		return PointerGetDatum(NULL);
 	}
 
-	{
-		text	   *seqname = DatumGetTextP(DirectFunctionCall1(textin,
-											CStringGetDatum("ttdummy_seq")));
-
-		newoff = DirectFunctionCall1(nextval,
-									 PointerGetDatum(seqname));
-		/* nextval now returns int64; coerce down to int32 */
-		newoff = Int32GetDatum((int32) DatumGetInt64(newoff));
-		pfree(seqname);
-	}
+	newoff = DirectFunctionCall1(nextval, CStringGetTextDatum("ttdummy_seq"));
+	/* nextval now returns int64; coerce down to int32 */
+	newoff = Int32GetDatum((int32) DatumGetInt64(newoff));
 
 	/* Connect to SPI manager */
 	if ((ret = SPI_connect()) < 0)
-- 
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